Note: Tassonomia: trans-omo, trans-etero, travestiti Autoginefilo: uomo che si innamora di donne che riproduce in se stesso (man trapped in man body) Edit
When Ray Blanchard began studying and treating transsexuals during the early 1980s, the field was rife with different confusing diagnostic typologies,Read more at location 2799
First was the kind of transsexual that most of us think of when we hear “transsexual,” the classic, homosexual type, like Terese. From soon after birth, these males behaved like, and desired to be, female.Read more at location 2801
Of all transsexual types, this was the one that most seemed to consist of “women trapped in men's bodies.”Read more at location 2803
Another type of transsexual that specialists recognized, but which is less familiar and comprehensible to most people, was the heterosexual transsexual.Read more at location 2805
These males frequently came to treatment as married men who claimed to have had hidden or suppressed longstanding wishes to be female that they could no longer deny. The clinical picture of this type was much different than the homosexual transsexual.Read more at location 2806
secretly wore women's clothing such as lingerie, became sexually aroused, and masturbated. Cher has a history that is characteristic of many heterosexual transsexuals.Read more at location 2809
However, she has had sexual fantasies about both men and women, and has had sex with both. She is bisexual.Read more at location 2810
There was at least one other type of transsexual that experts wrote about, one that presented a much fuzzier picture. This was a transsexual type whose sexuality was either unclear or absent. These transsexuals claimed to be attracted to neither women nor men, and some of them claimed to have no sexual feelings at all. Some called this type “asexual.”Read more at location 2812
To make matters more complicated, there were at least two other types of men who cross-dressed, but who did not want sex changes.Read more at location 2815
The other group of men who cross-dressed were called transvestites. These were heterosexual men, typically married,Read more at location 2818
Like heterosexual transsexuals, they frequently acknowledged an erotic component to their cross-dressing, at least during adolescence.Read more at location 2820
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III-R) called heterosexual transvestism “transvestic fetishism,”Read more at location 2821
transvestites are motivated by an erotic connection to women's clothing. Heterosexual transvestites are an important part of this story, and they are probably far more common than transsexuals (no one knows for sure).Read more at location 2823
Lumping occurs when two or more apparently different conditions are found to be different forms of the same, underlying pathology.Read more at location 2855
Blanchard noticed some similarities between some of the subtypes that made him suspect that they were fundamentally similar. In particular, the homosexual subtype seemed different from all the others, who seemed similar in important respects.Read more at location 2863
For one, the nonhomosexual types were older when they came to the Clarke Institute for treatment.Read more at location 2867
The nonhomosexual types also gave somewhat different childhood histories than the homosexual type, who universally acknowledged marked and noticeable femininity from early on. In contrast, many of the nonhomosexual types said that they were unremarkably masculine boys,Read more at location 2869
The most noteworthy difference between the homosexual and nonhomosexual transsexuals concerned cross-dressing. Homosexual transsexuals recalled that they cross-dressed from early on, but few of them reported that cross-dressing provoked a sexual response. Most nonhomosexual transsexuals admitted sexual arousal to cross-dressing,Read more at location 2872
Blanchard made a good case that “heterosexual,” “bisexual,” and “asexual” transsexuals were more like each other than like homosexual transsexuals,Read more at location 2876
what Philip had in common with most nonhomosexual transsexuals, as well as cross-dressers for that matter, was sexual arousal at the idea of himself as a woman. This strange sexual desire—for oneself to be transformed into a woman—seemed to be the fundamental motivation for nonhomosexual transsexualism. Blanchard called it “autogynephilia” (pronounced Otto-guy-nuh-feel-ee-ya). “Gynephilia” means attraction to women, and “auto” means self.Read more at location 2889
fantasies are quite unlike the homosexual fantasies of gay men and homosexual transsexuals. They do not focus on characteristics of the male partner, but on the transsexual's female self interacting with the male.Read more at location 2902
How are we to think of autogynephilic men? Are they more like gay men, or like heterosexual men? Do they really have a woman hidden inside them?Read more at location 2929
even heterosexual people can understand homosexuality by thinking, more or less accurately, “It's just as if I were attracted to my own sex instead of the other sex.” Autogynephiles are more difficult to fathom.Read more at location 2934
Blanchard believes that autogynephilia is best conceived as misdirected heterosexuality.Read more at location 2936
The fact is that despite their obsession with becoming women, auto-gynephilic transsexuals are not especially feminine.Read more at location 2945
Nor are autogynephiles especially feminine adults. After all, most have been married, and to most observers, appear to be conventional husbands.Read more at location 2957
Technological and scientific careers seem to me to be over-represented among autogynephiles. (Ray Blanchard remarked to me that he saw a seemingly close relation between autogynephilia and computer nerdiness.)Read more at location 2959
Finally, autogynephiles do not typically look or act very feminine, especially in comparison with homosexual transsexuals.Read more at location 2962
(Anne Lawrence, a physician and sex researcher who is herself a postoperative transsexual, has called them “men trapped in men's bodies.”)Read more at location 2966
We do not have even the beginnings of a respectable theory of the causes of autogynephilia. This differs from sexual orientation, in which we have a reasonably well articulated if unproven theory. Recall from Chapters 3 and 6 that femininity in boys and homosexuality in men are probably caused by incomplete masculinization of the brain during sexual differentiation.Read more at location 2976
Regarding the fundamental question of whether autogynephiles are born or made, my intuitions are with “born.”Read more at location 2991
As far as anyone can tell, there is nothing unusual about the environments of these boys, and certainly nothing in their environments obviously contributes to their unusual preoccupation.Read more at location 2993
Highly relevant to the nature-nurture question is whether autogynephilia has occurred in most cultures and times. In fact, there is only very limited evidence about its occurrence prior to Magnus Hirschfeld's classic work, Die Transvestiten, published in 1910.Read more at location 3009
Highly relevant to the nature-nurture question is whether autogynephilia has occurred in most cultures and times.Read more at location 3010
prior to Magnus Hirschfeld's classic work, Die Transvestiten, published in 1910.Read more at location 3012
In order to progress scientifically toward the causes of autogynephilia, it will be useful to keep in mind that autogynephilia seems to be a type of paraphilia. Paraphilias comprise a set of unusual sexual preferences that include autogynephilia, masochism, sadism, exhibitionismRead more at location 3021
First, all paraphilias occur exclusively (or nearly exclusively) in men. Second, paraphilias tend to go together.Read more at location 3026
“Most gender patients lie,” says Maxine Petersen, the ace gender clinician at the Clarke. One common lie among autogynephiles, according to Petersen, is that they are homosexual rather than heterosexual. The motivation for that lie is probably the fear that a gender clinic will deny them a sex changeRead more at location 3041
Other common lies, according to Petersen and others, include an exaggeration of early femininity.Read more at location 3047
The most common way that autogynephiles mislead others is by denying the erotic component of their gender bending.Read more at location 3048
Why do some autogynephiles deny the sexual component of their condition? One reason, again, is the real or imagined treatment implications.Read more at location 3059
I imagine most men would be humiliated to admit that dressing in women's clothing is a sexual kick, and even more humiliated to admit that doing so, or fantasizing doing so, is obligatory for climax some or all of the time.Read more at location 3070
On the other hand, to attribute one's cross-dressing to a desire to express one's “feminine side” is much more acceptable.Read more at location 3078
Note: PER OL TRAVESTITO L OMO È PIÙ ACCETTABILE
