Automation Makes Us Dumb By Nicholas Carr
- già la prima ondata: de-skilling... i premitori do bottoni
- piloti dottori architetti
- se la prima ondata ha eroso le skill degli operai la seconda erode quelle dei professionisti
- le virtù di un software grezzo
- solo l allenamento regolare forma e mantiene le abilità
- soluzione: free style automatoon: il pc che corregge suggerisce interpreta
- Mmmmmmm
- Artificial intelligence has arrived.
- Worrisome evidence suggests that our own intelligence is withering as we become more dependent
- La prima automazione. James Bright went into the field to study automation’s actual effects. An automated milling machine, for example, didn’t transform the metalworker into a more creative artisan; it turned him into a pusher of buttons. “de-skill” workers rather than to “up-skill” them.
- Il pc oggi. Pilots rely on computers to fly planes; doctors consult them in diagnosing ailments; architects use them to design buildings.
- Even the smartest software lacks the common sense,
- the British aviation researcher Matthew Ebbatson calls “skill fade.” our skills get sharper only through practice,
- Una soluzione possibile. tasks using either rudimentary software that provided no assistance or sophisticated software that offered a great deal of aid. The researchers found that the people using the simple software developed better strategies, made fewer mistakes and developed a deeper aptitude for the work.
- With the rise of electronic health records, physicians increasingly rely on software templates. medicine more routinized
- Timothy Hoff interviewed more than 75 primary-care physicians who had adopted computerized systems. The doctors felt that the software was impoverishing their understanding
- Harvard Medical School professor Beth Lown, in a 2012 journal article written with her student Dayron Rodriquez, warned that when doctors become “screen-driven,”following a computer’s prompts rather than “the patient’s narrative thread,”their thinking can become constricted.
- Computer-aided design has helped architects to construct buildings with unusual shapes and materials,
- In his book “The Thinking Hand,”the Finnish architect Juhani Pallasmaa argues that overreliance on computers makes it harder for designers to appreciate the subtlest, most human qualities of their buildings.
- Jacob Brillhart wrote in a 2011 paper, modern computer systems can translate sets of dimensions into precise 3-D renderings with incredible speed, but they also breed “more banal, lazy, and uneventful designs that are void of intellect, imagination and emotion.”
- Soluzioni. There is an alternative. In “human-centered automation,”. The technology becomes the expert’s partner, not the expert’s replacement.
- John Lee of the University of Iowa, “a less-automated approach, which places the automation in the role of critiquing the operator. human-focused approach is known as adaptive automation. It employs cutting-edge sensors and interpretive algorithms
conclusioni
