Four MEANINGFUL LOOKS - The Substance of Style by Virginia Postrel HIGHLIGHT

Four MEANINGFUL LOOKS - The Substance of Style by Virginia Postrel ---------- ancoraggiobiologicodellestetica ilbellosiamonoi senonsanemmenopettinarsi... personale&sociale attirare&allontanare 

Four MEANINGFUL LOOKSRead more at location 1638

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For the many South Asian immigrants in this high-tech suburb, the clothes convey an added meaning: I am one of us, not one of them. Human beings are not only visual, tactile creatures. We are also social, cognitive creatures,Read more at location 1651

Note: CREATURE SOCIALI Edit

We use form to communicate, and we infer meaning from familiar aesthetic elements.Read more at location 1654

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aesthetic pleasure generally operates within a range of responses set by biological universals. Meaning has no such anchor.Read more at location 1661

Note: L ANCORAGGIO BIOLOGICO Edit

To a Christian in the late Middle Ages, blue was the color of the Virgin Mary.Read more at location 1664

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Nowadays, the sight of Gothic revival buildings suggests higher education, with no particular reference to medieval ideals.Read more at location 1692

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Something similar is happening with the revival and spread of dreadlocks.Read more at location 1698

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she seemed either not to know who she was or to be reshaping herself to fit whatever temporary image would suit her husband’s political needs.Read more at location 1780

Note: LA CLINTON SPETTINATA Edit

Identity is the meaning of surface. Before we say anything with words, we declare ourselves through look and feel: Here I am. I’m like this. I’m not like that. I associate with these others. I don’t associate with those.Read more at location 1785

Note: IDENTITÀ Edit

Here I am. I’m like this. I’m not like that. I associate with these others. I don’tRead more at location 1785

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Aesthetic identity is both personal and social, an expression both of who we are and with whom we want, or expect, to be grouped.Read more at location 1790

Note: PERSONALE E SOCIALE Edit

you’ll tend to attract the like-minded while alienating those who disagree.Read more at location 1799

Note: ATTIRARE E ALLONTANARE Edit

The job of graphic design “is to make something that distinguishes itself when you see it in context,” says Stephen Doyle,Read more at location 1814

Note: DISTINGUERSI Edit

A graphic identity, says Doyle, “is like a personality.

5 Semiotic Objections - Markets without Limits: Moral Virtues and Commercial Interests by Jason F. Brennan, Peter Jaworski

5 Semiotic Objections - Markets without Limits: Moral Virtues and Commercial Interests by Jason F. Brennan, Peter Jaworski....... #mercatobestemmia #applebmwutero...#democraziaespressiva #semioticaovunque #significatotrasformativo

5 Semiotic ObjectionsRead more at location 1132

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Money Means SomethingRead more at location 1134

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Buying and selling is not just about getting goods or making money. It can also be an expressive act,Read more at location 1135

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we now identify different brands with different lifestyles, attitudes, and ideologies.Read more at location 1138

Note: NAOMI KLEIN Edit

So, for instance, one reason people buy Apple computers over less expensive but equally well performing PCs is that they want to signal to others and themselves that they are a certain kind of person.Read more at location 1140

Note: APPLE Edit

Many people who buy a BMW are thus signaling (or trying to signal) that they are exciting driving enthusiasts, who demand precision and performance. Buying a Mercedes tends to signal that a person is refined, sophisticated, and elegant.Read more at location 1147

Note: BMW E MERCEDES Edit

consider common attitudes in the United States towards prostitution. Some people believe it is not immoral to buy sex, but even most of these people look down upon men who do so–buying sex is seen as low status, because a high status man should be able to get sex for free.Read more at location 1149

Note: PROSTITUZIONE Edit

some people take pride–acquire a sense of dignity–in performing certain tasks–such as installing new drywall in the basement–rather than hiring others to do it for them.Read more at location 1152

Note: IL TERGICRISTALLO Edit

In this chapter, we are concerned with objections based on the idea that buying and selling certain things can be a form of wrongful expression.Read more at location 1168

Note: L OBIEZIONE Edit

One shouldn’t write Neo-Nazi music expressing the hatred of Jews. One should not just say to one’s kind, loving mother, “Hey Mom, I hope you die and rot in hell.” And so on. Even when it is within our rights to express such attitudes,Read more at location 1171

Note: ESPRESSIONI IMMORALI Edit

Consider how, say, a committed Christian might feel if you told her that you once used the Bible as toilet paper,Read more at location 1174

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Many people think that markets in certain goods and services are offensive in just this way.Read more at location 1177

Note: IL MERCATO COME BESTEMMIA Edit

Semiotic objectionsRead more at location 1182

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Semiotics: Independently of objections A–F, to allow a market in some good or service X is a form of communication that expresses the wrong attitude toward X or expresses an attitude that is incompatible with the intrinsic dignity of X, or would show disrespect or irreverence for some practice, custom, belief, or relationship with which X is associated.Read more at location 1183

Note: DEFINIZIONE ANALITICA Edit

Semiotic Objections Are Not Supposed to Be RedundantRead more at location 1191

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Semiotic objections–as we identify them–are independent of worries about exploitation, misallocation, rights violations, self-destructive behavior, harm to others, or character corruption.Read more at location 1192

Note: INDIPENDENZA Edit

Satz discusses a case where students at a university were paid to keep their rooms clean in order to impress prospective students and their parents. She is not worried about exploitation or deceptive advertising. Rather, she finds the transaction at odds with the kind of relationship a university should haveRead more at location 1201

Note: LE CAMERETTE DEL COLLEGIO Edit

Anderson worries that markets in pregnancy surrogacy are inherently disrespectful of women and children. Some of her concerns involve purported rights violations. Yet, rights violations aside, she is worried that paying women for surrogacy communicates that women are “incubation machines,”Read more at location 1203

Note: UTERO IN AFFITTO Edit

Many democratic theorists defend democracy in part on semiotic grounds, on the idea that democracy and only democracy expresses our fundamental moral equality.Read more at location 1213

Note: DEMOCRAZIA COME ESPRESSIONE Edit

Sandel objects to adoption auctions: “Even if buyers did not mistreat the children they purchased, a market in children would express and promote the wrong way of valuing them.Read more at location 1215

Note: L ASTA X L ADOZIONE Edit

Michael Walzer says that distributions of goods are unjust when these distributions violate the social meaning of those goods.12 Different goods–such as office, honor, and love–are governed by different norms,Read more at location 1229

Note: LA DISTRIBUZIONE Edit

David Archard, following similar arguments by Richard Titmuss and Peter Singer, claims that selling blood is “imperialistic” because it involves a “contamination of meaning.”Read more at location 1235

Note: SANGUE Edit

As far as we can tell, semiotic objections are the most common class of objections against commodifying certain goods and services.Read more at location 1239

Note: SEMIOTICA OVUNQUE Edit

However, despite this, there has been no systematic investigation or criticism of semiotic objections as such.Read more at location 1241

Note: CARENZA DI DIFESA Edit

Three Semiotic ObjectionsRead more at location 1242

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In Part II, over the next three chapters, we examine and rebut a number of plausible-sounding semiotic arguments:16 The Mere Commodity Objection: Claims that buying and selling certain goods or services shows that one regards them as having merely instrumental value. The Wrong Signal Objection: Claims that buying and selling certain goods and services communicates, independently of one’s attitudes, disrespect for the objects in question. The Wrong Currency Objection: Claims that inserting markets and money into certain kinds of relationships communicates estrangement and distance, and is objectionably impersonal.Read more at location 1244

Note: LE 3 FORME DELL OBIEZIONE Edit

One of our main responses will be to explain how the meaning of markets is, in general, a highly contingent, fluid, socially-constructed fact. There is little essential meaning to market exchanges. What market exchanges mean depends upon a culture’s interpretative practices.Read more at location 1250

Note: LA DIFESA IN DUE PAROLE Edit

Rather than giving us reason to avoid those markets, it gives us reason to revise the meaningRead more at location 1253

Note: REVISIONE DEI SIGNIFICATI