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sabato 15 settembre 2018

Lies We Tell Kids paul graham

Lies We Tell Kids
paul graham
Citation (APA): graham, p. (2018). Lies We Tell Kids [Kindle Android version]. Retrieved from Amazon.com

Parte introduttiva
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 2
Lies We Tell Kids By paul graham
Nota - Posizione 3
CHI SCANDALIZZA UN BAMBINO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 4
Adults lie constantly to kids.
Nota - Posizione 4
PROBLEMA: DOBBIAMO SMETTERE?
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 7
I'm using the word "lie" in a very general sense:
Nota - Posizione 7
SFUMATURE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 9
One of the most remarkable things about the way we lie to kids is how broad the conspiracy is.
Nota - Posizione 9
L ACCORDO CI TRANQUILLIZZA...MA SOPRATTUTTO NN FA INSOSPETTIRE I BIMBI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 10
"Ask your parents."
Nota - Posizione 10
RISPOSTA CURIOSA...NON LA ADOTTEREMMO MAI DI FRONTE A CERTE DOMANDE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 11
if a kid asks you "Is there a God?"
Nota - Posizione 11
CHIEDILO AI TUOI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 11
"What's a prostitute?"
Nota - Posizione 11
UN ALTRA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 13
Schools are careful what they say about controversial topics,
Nota - Posizione 13
NEL GRANDE ACCORDO È COINVOLTA ANCHE LA SCUOLA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 16
Through the reading of popular scientific books I soon reached the conviction that much in the stories of the Bible could not be true.
Nota - Posizione 17
IL TRAUMA DI EINSTEIN AL "RISVEGLIO"
Nota - Posizione 21
Ttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 21
Protection
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 21
If you ask adults why they lie to kids, the most common reason they give is to protect them.
Nota - Posizione 22
LA MOTIVAZIONE DEGLI ADULTI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 24
to give a baby the impression the world is quiet and warm and safe.
Nota - Posizione 24
LA GABBIA BUONA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 26
not protection but abuse.
Nota - Posizione 26
SE LA CAMPANA DI VETRO SI PROTRAE TROPPO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 26
you see the same problem on a smaller scale in the malaise teenagers feel in suburbia.
Nota - Posizione 27
CIÒ CHE GENERA UNA PROTEZIONE ESAGERATA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 28
My whole world was no bigger than a few friends' houses I bicycled to
Nota - Posizione 29
IL MIGLIORE...DEL CORTILE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 31
certainly one reason life sucks at 15 is that kids are trapped in a world designed for 10 year olds.
Nota - Posizione 32
L INFELICITA DEI 15ENNI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 32
A friend who moved out of Manhattan said merely that her 3 year old daughter "saw too much."
Nota - Posizione 33
MOTIVAZIONI CHE CI FANNO RISCHIARE LA SUBERBIA...PROTEZIONE DAL VEDERE TROPPO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 35
I wouldn't want a 3 year old to see some of the disputes I saw.
Nota - Posizione 36
ESEMPIO...VIOLENZA RISSA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 36
A lot of the things adults conceal from smaller children, they conceal because they'd be frightening,
Nota - Posizione 36
INGANNARE È SPESSO UN EFFETTO COLLATERALE....BALLA GIUSTIFICATA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 40
Combine this with the confidence parents try to instill in their kids,
Nota - Posizione 40
18ENNI CHE PENSANO DI GESTIRE IL MONDO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 42
In preindustrial times teenage kids were junior members of the adult world and comparatively well aware of their shortcomings.
Nota - Posizione 43
L AUTOSTIMA IPERBOLICA È AFFARE RECENTE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 44
lies implicit in an artificial, protected environment are a recent invention.
Nota - Posizione 44
SOLO NOI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 45
Children of kings and great magnates were the first to grow up out of touch with the world.
Nota - Posizione 45
I RICCHI COME AVANGUARDIA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 46
Sex (and Drugs)
Nota - Posizione 46
Ttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 46
I'd worry less about what they'd see, and more about what they'd do.
Nota - Posizione 47
ALTRE PAURE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 50
The average parents of a 14 year old girl would hate the idea of her having sex even if there were zero risk of pregnancy
Nota - Posizione 51
COSA CI MOTIVA CONTRO IK SESSO PRECOCE?
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 51
Kids can probably sense they aren't being told the whole story.
Nota - Posizione 51
IL SOSPETTO...E LA VOGLIA DI SAPERE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 55
There does seem to be a universal taboo against sex with prepubescent children.
Nota - Posizione 55
FORSE È UNA RIPUGNANZA INNATA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 55
I think this is the main reason parents in industrialized societies dislike teenage kids having sex. They still think of them as children, even though biologically they're not,
Nota - Posizione 56
UN ISTINTO CHE DA NOI HA UNA DERIVA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 57
drugs: that it can cause great pleasure.
Nota - Posizione 58
ALTRO MONDO DA NASCONDERE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 61
after having implicitly lied to kids about how good their judgement is, we then have to lie again about all the things they might get into trouble with if they believed us.
Nota - Posizione 62
IL CONFLITTO DEL GENITORE MODERNO....SAPENDO DI AVERLI POMPATI SAPPIAMO ANCHE DI NN POTERLI METTERE ALLA PROVA...PORNOGRAFIA E DROGHE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 62
If parents told their kids the truth about sex and drugs, it would be: the reason you should avoid these things is that you have lousy judgement.
Nota - Posizione 63
E ALLORA...XCHÈ NN SI PARLA CHIARO
Nota - Posizione 65
Tttttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 65
Innocence
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 66
Another reason parents don't want their kids having sex is that they want to keep them innocent.
Nota - Posizione 66
ALTRA MOTIVAZIONE DELL OCCULTAMENTO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 68
Most parents use words when talking to other adults that they wouldn't want their kids using.
Nota - Posizione 68
L ESEMPIO DELLE PAROLACCE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 69
everyone knows you're not supposed to swear in front of kids.
Nota - Posizione 70
ALTRO TABÙ
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 72
the function of swearwords is to mark the speaker as an adult.
Nota - Posizione 72
UNA TEORIA POSSIBILE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 72
There's no difference in the meaning of "shit" and "poopoo." So why should one be ok for kids to say and one forbidden?
Nota - Posizione 73
CACCA E MERDA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 74
Why does it bother adults so much when kids do things reserved for adults?
Nota - Posizione 74
PIÙ IN GENERALE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 76
we're programmed to like certain kinds of helplessness.
Nota - Posizione 76
UNA POSSIBILE SPIEGA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 76
mothers say they deliberately refrained from correcting their young children's mispronunciations because they were so cute.
Nota - Posizione 77
ESEMPIO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 79
inborn desire to love and protect helpless creatures,
Nota - Posizione 79
SPIEGA RIPETUTA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 79
Without the helplessness that makes kids cute, they'd be very annoying.
Nota - Posizione 80
I DUE CARATTERI CHE SI BILANCIANO...MI DISTURBANO MA HANNO BISOGNO DI ME
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 82
Innocence is also open-mindedness. We want kids to be innocent so they can continue to learn.
Nota - Posizione 82
ALTRA RAGIONE X CUI AMIAMO L INNOCENZA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 85
Very smart adults often seem unusually innocent, and I don't think this is a coincidence.
Nota - Posizione 86
UN PARALLELO
Nota - Posizione 87
Ttttttttttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 87
Death
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 87
After sex, death is the topic adults lie most
Nota - Posizione 87
ALTRO TABÙ
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 89
One of the most spectacular lies our parents told us was about the death of our first cat.
Nota - Posizione 89
ES XSONALE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 93
my sister, then about three, had accidentally stepped on the cat and broken its back.
Nota - Posizione 93
IL VERO INNOMINABILE MOTIVO...ANCHE TRA GLI ATEI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 95
My grandmother told us an edited version of the death of my grandfather. She said they'd been sitting reading one day, and when she said something to him, he didn't answer.
Nota - Posizione 96
ALTRI ROMANZI TRA ATEI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 99
I didn't really grasp I was going to die till I was about 19.
Nota - Posizione 99
EFFETTO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 101
Kids often want to be lied to. They want to believe they're living in a comfortable, safe world as much as their parents want them to believe it.
Nota - Posizione 102
AUTOINGANNO
Nota - Posizione 102
Ttttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 102
Identity
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 102
Some parents feel a strong adherence to an ethnic or religious group and want their kids to feel it too.
Nota - Posizione 103
UN ESIGENZA DEI GENITORI E ALTRI INGANNI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 105
Telling a child they have a particular ethnic or religious identity is one of the stickiest things you can tell them.
Nota - Posizione 105
NIENTE TI CAMBIA TANTO LA MENTE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 108
When parents are of different religions, they'll often agree between themselves that their children will be "raised as Xes."
Nota - Posizione 108
LA SPARTIZIONE...PRIMA BALLA...INVENZIONE DELL IDENTITÀ
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 110
You can't distinguish your group by doing things that are rational, and believing things that are true.
Nota - Posizione 111
LA SECONDA BALLA COINVOLTA NEL PROGETTO...SIAMO I MEGLIO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 115
This form of lie is not without its uses. You can use it to carry a payload of beneficial beliefs, and they will also become part of the child's identity.
Nota - Posizione 116
UTILITÀ DELLE RELIGIONI....NELL INDIVIDUALISMO NN SEI NESSUNO
Nota - Posizione 120
Tttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 120
Authority
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 120
One of the least excusable reasons adults lie to kids is to maintain power over them.
Nota - Posizione 121
ALTRA MOTIVAZIONE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 122
Most adults make some effort to conceal their flaws from children. Usually their motives are mixed.
Nota - Posizione 123
NN DEVE SAPERE CHI SONO REALMENTE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 127
You shouldn't put the blame on one parent, because divorce is never only one person's fault. []
Nota - Posizione 128
È UNA BALLA MA VA DETTA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 129
it's more important for kids to respect their parents than to know the truth about them.
Nota - Posizione 130
MOTIVAZIONE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 130
But because adults conceal their flaws, and at the same time insist on high standards of behavior for kids, a lot of kids grow up feeling they fall hopelessly short.
Nota - Posizione 131
INCONVENIENTI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 135
The first hint I had that teachers weren't omniscient came in sixth grade, after my father contradicted something I'd learned in school.
Nota - Posizione 136
ESPERIENZE XSONALI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 139
The sad fact is, US public school teachers don't generally understand the stuff they're teaching very well.
Nota - Posizione 140
Cccccc
Nota - Posizione 142
Ttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 142
School
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 142
What kids get taught in school is a complex mix of lies.
Nota - Posizione 142
QUANTE BALLE A SCUOLA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 142
those told to simplify ideas to make them easy to learn.
Nota - Posizione 143
LE PIÙ INNOCENTI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 143
Public school textbooks represent a compromise between what various powerful groups want kids to be told.
Nota - Posizione 144
SCUOLA DI STATO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 144
omissions or of over-emphasizing
Nota - Posizione 144
MAI BALLE SCOPERTE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 146
The famous scientists I remember were Einstein, Marie Curie, and George Washington Carver.
Nota - Posizione 146
STORIA XSONALE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 148
It's obvious now that he was on the list because he was black
Nota - Posizione 148
CARVER CHI?
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 151
As subjects got softer, the lies got more frequent. By the time you got to politics and recent history, what we were taught was pretty much pure propaganda.
Nota - Posizione 152
POI SI SBRACA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 154
I doubt you could teach kids recent history without teaching them lies,
Nota - Posizione 154
IMPOSSIBILE FARE DIVERSAMENTE
Nota - Posizione 157
Ttttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 157
Peace
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 158
Often when we lie to people it's not part of any conscious strategy, but because they'd react violently to the truth.
Nota - Posizione 159
A VOLTE MENTIAMO AI BAMBINI X GLI STESSI MOTIVI X CUI MENTIAMO AGLI ADULTI
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 161
As the roast turkey appeared on the table, his alarmingly perceptive 5 year old son suddenly asked if the turkey had wanted to die.
Nota - Posizione 162
CASO TIPICO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 164
One consequence of this sort of calming lie is that we grow up thinking horrible things are normal.
Nota - Posizione 165
UNA CONSEGUENZA
Nota - Posizione 169
Tttttttttt
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 169
Detox
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 169
A sprinter in a race almost immediately enters a state called "oxygen debt."
Nota - Posizione 169
ANALOGIA
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 171
at the end of the race he has to stop and pant for a while to recover.
Nota - Posizione 171
Ccccccc
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 171
We arrive at adulthood with a kind of truth debt.
Nota - Posizione 172
SETE DI VERITÀ
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 173
There's never a point where the adults sit you down and explain all the lies they told you.
Nota - Posizione 174
IL CHIARIMENTO INESISTENTE
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 175
You probably never can completely undo the effects of lies
Nota - Posizione 176
IL BBAGAGLIO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 178
You're now one of the liars. You get to watch behind the scenes as adults
Nota - Posizione 178
IL MOMENTO EPIFANICO
Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 181
It's not enough to consider your mind a blank slate. You have to consciously erase it.
Nota - Posizione 181
COSA OCCORRE VERAMENTE

lunedì 7 marzo 2016

4 PT 2 THE STRAUSS PROBLEM - Philosophy Between the Lines: The Lost History of Esoteric Writing by Arthur M. Melzer

THE STRAUSS PROBLEMRead more at location 2222
Note: PT 2 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit #nobilebugia @silenziodivino @anacronismobias #difesadelrazionalismo
one certainly does not have to be a Straussian, even a fellow traveler, to believe in the reality of esotericRead more at location 2223
Note: UNA REALTÀ INNEGABILE Edit
his mysterious obsession with secrets and lies,Read more at location 2235
Note: SEGRETI E BUGIE Edit
There is a single, unified purpose—a project—that he pursued throughout his career and in all his farflung researches, from Plato, Thucydides, and Aristophanes, to Alfarabi, Maimonides, and Marsilius, to Spinoza, Burke, and Heidegger.Read more at location 2237
Note: IL PROGETTO Edit
the highest subject of “political philosophy” is not, as we today would assume, the political life. On the contrary: The highest subject of political philosophy is the philosophic life: philosophy—not as a teaching or as a body of knowledge, but as a way of life—offers, as it were, the solution to the problem that keeps political life in motion.Read more at location 2243
Note: LO SCOPO DELLA FILOSOFIA Edit
Strauss’s esoteric reading of works like the Republic—aRead more at location 2248
Note: REPUBBLICA PLATONE Edit
my point: the radical subordination of politics to philosophy is one of the most distinctive and defining themes of Strauss’s thought.Read more at location 2252
Note: POLITICA E FILOSOFIA IN STRAUSS Edit
in his view, the truest purpose of esotericism, which is found in its highest form in Plato, is precisely to separate philosophy and politics, theory and praxis—to insulate each from the other,Read more at location 2256
Note: LO SCOPO DI STRAUSS Edit
the improper relation of theory and praxis,Read more at location 2258
Note: IL PERICOLO PER STRAUSS Edit
which eventually deforms each, producing ideologized politics and politicized philosophy.Read more at location 2259
Plato composed his writings in such a way as to prevent for all time their use as authoritative texts. . . . His teaching can never become the subject of indoctrination. In the last analysis, his writings cannot be used for any purpose other than for philosophizing.Read more at location 2261
Note: LA VIRTÙ DI PLATONE Edit
Of course, even philosophers have to live in political communities, and thus, as a citizen, Strauss had serious political concerns and opinions—primarily conservative—which he expressed sparingly, but forcefully. But they were not the subject of his guiding intellectual project,Read more at location 2265
Note: OPINIONI POLITICHE DI STRAUSS Edit
he wrote about fifteen books and not a single one of them was about the contemporary political scene and what should be done.Read more at location 2268
The starting point of Strauss’s path of thought was the observation that in our time the whole legitimacy of western science, philosophy, and rationalism was being radically challenged—and at the hands of two opposite but mutually reinforcing movements: the “postmodern” force of historicism or cultural relativism and the ancient force of religious orthodoxy, now newly emboldened by reason’s self-destruction.Read more at location 2273
Note: IL PROGETTO POLITICO DI STRAUSS Edit
esotericism (in its classical form) argues for the inherent and inescapable tension between reason and society. As such, it constitutes a critique of the historicist assumption of their underlying unity, of the inherent subordination of reason to society and its fundamental commitments.Read more at location 2283
Note: ESOTERISMO VS STORICISMO Edit
Strauss is so “obsessed” with esotericism, in sum, because he is engaged in the philosophical project of defending rationalism,Read more at location 2286
Note: DIFESA DELLA RAGIONE Edit
THE SCHOLARLY MISGIVINGS ABOUT ESOTERICISMRead more at location 2294
There is first of all the vexing question of exactly how one is to read a text between the lines.Read more at location 2295
Note: COME LEGGERE I TESTI ESOTERICI Edit
by continuing our reliance, where possible, upon the explicit testimony of past writers and readers.Read more at location 2298
Note: LA TESTIMONIANZA Edit
By freeing readers from the literal meaning of the text, it exposes them to various inevitable temptations and corruptions. It will open the door to Sabine’s “perverse ingenuity.”Read more at location 2306
Note: UN RISCHIO Edit
proliferation of nonliteral interpretive approaches: Hegelian, Marxist, Freudian, Jungian, structuralist, poststructuralist, feminist, deconstructive, new historicist, and so forth.Read more at location 2313
Note: ESOTERISMO IN BUONA COMPAGNIA Edit
There is also another important way in which, from the standpoint of these criteria of certainty and scholarly sobriety, the theory of esotericism is superior to its rivals: it is not simply rooted in theory. It—and it alone—is susceptible of empirical proof.Read more at location 2323
Note: SUPERIORITÀ DELL ESOTERISMO Edit
Here is a statement by Rousseau, for example, expressly telling us how he wrote—Read more at location 2327
Note: ESEMPI. ROUSSAU Edit
the interpretation of this work of Rousseau’s, the esoteric method is absolutely proper and necessary. This conclusion is not based on abstract literary theory; it is Rousseau’s own explicit assertionRead more at location 2340
There is only one nonliteral hermeneutical theory that preexists this period—Read more at location 2363
Note: UNICITÀ DELL ESOTERISMO Edit
OF RESISTANCE AND BLINDNESSRead more at location 2366
the question before us is not whether we like the practice of esotericism (still less whether we like Leo Strauss or his students) but simply whether, in fact, it is real.Read more at location 2370
Note: ANCHE ACCETTANDO L OBIEZIONE DELL IMPOSSIBILITÀ INTERPRETATIVA Edit
We abhor slavery but do not deny that it ever existed.Read more at location 2376
Note: ANALOGIA CON LA SCHIAVITÙ Edit
The cure, then, to the problem of blindness and ethnocentrism is again a greater knowledge of ourselves in our uniqueness,Read more at location 2387
Note: LA CURA CONTRO LA CECITÀ Edit
THE INEGALITARIANISM OF THE OLD WORLDRead more at location 2390
Note: ELITISMO ED ESOTERISMO Edit
We naturally incline to dismiss the whole theory of esotericism as impossibly arrogant and elitist. But of course, only a few short centuries ago, all the world was ruled by monarchs and aristocrats. Most of the philosophers, too, held that the best form of government was some sort of aristocracy.Read more at location 2396
Note: ARISTOCRAZIA Edit
egalitarian societies incline to misunderstand themselves: they systematically underestimate their own egalitarianism. Thus, they underestimate, in particular, how utterly different all their perceptions and sensibilities have become from those of earlier, nonegalitarian ages.Read more at location 2403
Pierre Charron does not hesitate to assert that a wise man “is as far above the common sort of men as a common man is above the beasts.”Read more at location 2410
Note: IL SAGGIO Edit
“To speak of the people,” remarks Guicciardini, “is really to speak of a mad animal, gorged with a thousand and one errors and confusions, devoid of taste, of pleasure, of stability.Read more at location 2411
Note: GUICCIARDINI Edit
Spinoza speaks of “the masses whose intellect is not capable of perceiving things clearlyRead more at location 2414
Note: SPINOZA Edit
Cicero goes so far as to claim that the very faculty of reason is “disastrous to the many and wholesome to but few.”Read more at location 2416
Note: CICERONE Edit
According to Montaigne, “Aristo of Chios had reason to say long ago that philosophers harmed their listeners, inasmuch as most souls are not fit to profit by such instruction.Read more at location 2418
Note: MONTAIGNE Edit
Galen, the Greek physician and philosopher, wrote: “My discourse in this book is not for all people;Read more at location 2420
Note: GALENO Edit
Maimonides declares in the introduction to the Guide of the Perplexed that he “could find no other device by which to teach a demonstrated truth other than by giving satisfaction to a single virtuous manRead more at location 2422
Note: MAIMONIDE Edit
Horace: “I loathe the mob impure and forbid it place. Let tongues be silent!”Read more at location 2425
Note: ORAZIO Edit
Seneca quotes Epicurus as having said: “I have never wished to cater to the people; for what I know they do not approve, and what they approve I do not know.”Read more at location 2428
Note: SENECA ED EPICURO Edit
La Mettrie expresses a similar attitude: Whatever may be my speculation in the quiet of my study, my practice in society is quite different.Read more at location 2431
Note: LA METTRIE Edit
Nietzsche translates these observations into a crucial—but counterintuitive—generalization about writing: On the question of being understandable—One does not only wish to be understood when one writes; one wishes just as surely not to be understood.Read more at location 2436
Note: NIETZSCHE Edit
it should also be pointed out that three of the four motives for esotericism—the desire to escape persecution, promote political change, and teach in a Socratic way—can all be defended in essentially egalitarian terms.Read more at location 2457
Note: ELITISMO NN SEMPRE NECESSARIO Edit
THE NORMALITY AND UBIQUITY OF SECRECYRead more at location 2459
Note: SEGRETO Edit
It is almost beyond our capacity to comprehend that in many earlier societies, indeed in much of contemporary India and Japan, husbands and wives, parents and children can pass their whole lives without ever once openly saying: I love you.Read more at location 2475
Note: IL SEGRETO DEL "TI AMO" Edit
In a traditional society, after all, the highest knowledge both concerns and derives from the divine, and such sacred knowledge is not to be profaned by being disclosed to the unworthy.Read more at location 2481
Note: CONOSCENZA E DIVINITÀ Edit
“one reason often adduced for secrecy by Pueblo leaders is that religious ceremonies lose their power if they are known by the wrong people.Read more at location 2483
Note: INDIANI PUEBLO Edit
“it is in accordance with the dictates of nature that this should be so.” For secrecy “induces reverence for the divine,Read more at location 2487
Note: STRABO Edit
if knowledge is power, then secrecy is the husbanding and maintenance of power.Read more at location 2491
Note: POTERE DELL INFO Edit
Socrates. In the Platonic dialogues, he is depicted as renowned throughout Athens for never giving anyone a straight answer.Read more at location 2501
Note: SOCRATE Edit
With the issue of secrecy, just as with that of elitism, we have clearly been misled by the anachronisticRead more at location 2502
Note: ANACRONISMO Edit
Think about it: the two greatest teachers of the Western tradition were Jesus and Socrates. And both were famous for their secrecy and indirect speech.Read more at location 2504
Note: GESÙ Edit
ON SALUTARY LYINGRead more at location 2505
Note: NOBILE BUGIA Edit
Is it really believable that the greatest truth seekers of the past were in actuality all bald-faced liars?Read more at location 2506
Note: DISONESTÀ DEI GRANDI PENSATORI Edit
In his classic History of European Morals, W. E. H Lecky argues that “veracity is usually the special virtue of an industrial nation,”Read more at location 2508
Note: LECKY Edit
Hannah Arendt, who points out that “except for Zoroastrianism, none of the major religions included lying as such, as distinguished from ‘bearing false witness,’ in their catalogues of grave sins.”Read more at location 2510
Note: ARENDT Edit
This changed only in modern times, she continues, owing largely to the rise of intellectual specialization, that is, “the rise of organized science, whose progress had to be assured on the firm ground of the absolute veracity and reliability of every scientist.”Read more at location 2512
Note: L INTELLETTUALE Edit
It is fairly easy to show that a very large and wide-ranging group of earlier thinkers regarded the use of salutary lies or at least of concealment of some portion of the truth as just or allowable under the right circumstances.Read more at location 2522
Note: NOBILE BUGIA. MOLTI L HANNO DIFESA Edit
the position of Plato and (his) Socrates on the propriety of noble lies is well known.Read more at location 2525
Note: PLATO E SOCRATE Edit
Plutarch quotes Chrysippus as saying: “Often indeed do the wise employ lies against the vulgar.”Read more at location 2528
Note: PLUTARCO Edit
Grotius writes: “If we may trust Plutarch and Quintillion the Stoics include among the endowments of the wise man the ability to lie in the proper place and manner.”Read more at location 2529
Note: GROZIO Edit
Maimonides declaring: These matters [of theology] are only for a few solitary individuals of a very special sort, not for the multitude.Read more at location 2531
Note: MAIMONIDE Edit
Averroes, in his commentary on Plato’s Republic, writes: The chiefs’ lying to the multitude will be appropriateRead more at location 2535
Note: AVERROÈ Edit
Erasmus states: While it can never be lawful to go against the truth, it may sometimes be expedient to conceal it in the circumstances.Read more at location 2540
Note: ERASMO Edit
Thomas Burnet writes on the subject at some length: What just or pious man ever scrupled to deceive children or lunaticks, when thereby they contributed to their safety and welfare? AndRead more at location 2543
Note: BURNET Edit
in the Encyclopedia itself, there is an article by Diderot entitled “Mensonge officieux”—unofficial or salutary lie—which promotes the “wise maxim that the lie that procures good is worth more than the truth that causes harm.”Read more at location 2552
Note: DIDEROT Edit
David Hume, pulling no punches, writes: “It is putting too great a Respect on the Vulgar, and on their Superstitions, to pique oneself on Sincerity with regard to them.Read more at location 2554
Note: HUME Edit
Descartes’s statement: I would not want to criticize those who allow that through the mouths of the prophets God can produce verbal untruths which, like the lies of doctors who deceive their patients in order to cure them, are free of any malicious intent to deceive.Read more at location 2557
Note: CARTESIO Edit
Augustine is the one who takes the strongest position against lying.62 Yet since his position does not preclude concealment,Read more at location 2562
Note: AGOSTINO