Visualizzazione post con etichetta david gelernter tides of mind. Mostra tutti i post
Visualizzazione post con etichetta david gelernter tides of mind. Mostra tutti i post

venerdì 27 aprile 2018

LE QUATTRO LEGGI DELLA MENTE UMANA

LE QUATTRO LEGGI DELLA MENTE UMANA.
Prima legge: la mente riposata ragiona, quella stanca racconta.
Seconda legge: la mente riposata agisce, quella stanca guarda.
Terza legge: la mente riposata presidia il presente, quella stanca vagola nel passato.
Quarta legge: nella mente riposata è la coscienza ad alimentare la memoria, in quella stanca è la memoria ad alimentare la coscienza.
Lo scienziato si avvale perlopiù di una mente riposata, l’artista di una mente stanca, praticamente addormentata, spesso al limite del sogno. L’intelligenza di gente come John von Neumann, tanto per dire, è sempre fresca e riposata, l’intelligenza visionaria di un Napoleone è invece più nebulosa e creativa… Detto questo tutti noi ci muoviamo tra i due poli, in genere al mattino frequentiamo il primo e la sera il secondo.
AMAZON.COM
A “rock star” (New York Times) of the computing world provides a radical new work on the meaning of human consciousness.The holy grail of psychologists and scientists for nearly a century has been to understand and replicate both human thought and the human mind. In fact, it's wh...

CRONOLOGIA DEL SOGNO

Cose imparate oggi.
Nelle prime tre ore di sonno sogniamo rimescolando eventi dell’ultima settimana, nelle successive tre attingiamo dal passato remoto per tornare in prossimità del risveglio ad eventi più recenti.
Fonte: Paul Verdone “Temporal Reference of Manifest Dream Content”. Roba del 1965.
AMAZON.COM
A “rock star” (New York Times) of the computing world provides a radical new work on the meaning of human consciousness.The holy grail of psychologists and scientists for nearly a century has been to understand and replicate both human thought and the human mind. In fact, it's wh...

Two - Three Thirds of the Spectrum

Two Three Thirds of the Spectrum
Note:2@@@@@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Location: 485
“Top of the spectrum” means your best, clearest reasoning—
Note:LO SPETRO DELLA MENTE

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For some people, logical thinking consumes more territory than for others.
Note:ASSUNTO COMUNE

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Our energy and focus levels determine our current spectrum position.
Note:ENERGIA E FUNZIONAMENTO

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natural work costs us less energy
Note:ASSUNTO

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personal qualities and habits
Note:COSA PESA

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View 1: The Transformation in How We Make Sense of the World
Note:Ttttttttttt

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mind has a powerful urge to make sense of the universe
Note:IL PROB DEL SENSO

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how the countless pieces at countless scales relate;
Note:METTERE IN RELAZIONE

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big picture.
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using logic.
Note | Location: 494
UN MODO

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inventing stories
Note:ALTRO MODO

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This is the logic-versus-narrative axis.
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As energy dips and freshness fades, and our thinker makes his way down
Note:IL PASSAGGIO DA LOGICA A STORIA

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using less logic and more experience (what usually works?),
Note:COSA FUNZIONA

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increasingly distractible.
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memories, daydreams, and fantasies
Note:COSA CONTA

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another strategy for building thought sequences emerges.
Note:MAN MANO CHE SUBENTRA LA STANCHEZZA

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It can be hard to turn a collection of memories and ideas into a story,
Note:IL SOGNO....COME COLLAZIONE...COME METTERE INSIEME

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from premise to goal.
Note:METTERE INSIEME...SENSO

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minds are in business to make sense. Logic and narrative are different ways
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The scientist explains the origins of the universe with a logical argument. The religious believer tells a story.
Note:SENSO...FEDE E RAGIONE

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logical argument has predictive power.
Note:PREDIZIONE

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Only the story has normative moral content.
Note:PRECETTO

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Only a fool would pronounce one superior.
Note:COSA VIENE PRIMA

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STORYTELLING
Note:Tttttttttttttttt

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how satisfying stories are at the end of the day.
Note:A LETTO

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bedtime story
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calming children,
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to tell exactly the same bedtime story
Note:RICHIESTA COMUNE

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if she varied in the slightest particular
Note:CAZZIATONE

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They don’t want to know the story; they want to hear it, as one hears a song.
Note:L ESIGENZA

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the perfect lead-in to dreaming.
Note:VIATICO

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Some adults read themselves to sleep.
Note:NOI STESSI

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Proust
Note:UN CASO SINGOLARE

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Story and dream would blend perfectly.
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Stories are plainly easier to remember than other forms of information.
Note:RICORDO

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Illiterate bards sing long epic poems
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in Liberia remember the histories of whole clans and tribes.
Note | Location: 524
MEMORIA INCRED

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stories are made for remembering.
Note:DIREI DI PIÙ

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The mythical Scheherazade,
Note:L EMBLEMA DELL URGENZA DI UNA STORIA

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THEME CIRCLES
Note:Tttttttttttttt

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They have thematic unity.
Note:STORIA

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A dream is a loose bundle of scenes that change abruptly
Note:SOGNO

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more a set of anecdotes
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we usually discover that they are all about the same thing—
Note:GUARDANDO MEGLIO

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“theme-circling”
Note:NOCCIOLO

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the whole circle points to the center,
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like a mature novel by the eminent V. S. Naipaul.
Note:ANALOGIA DEL SOGNO

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a carefully plotted work that builds to a climax.
Note:STORIA E ANEDDOTI

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the repetitions in a theme-circling narrative, each segment pointing toward the same center
Note:NEL RACCONTO ANEDOTTICO

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Awareness of the theme grows naturally
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To retrieve a recollection, we reconstruct the full scene from our notes—a
Note:SI RIPESCA LIBERAMENTE DALLA MEMORIA

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“Re-creation is the key term here,”
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David Foulkes.
Note:PSICOLOGO DELLA RICREAZIONE

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We are like reporters transforming notes into news stories.
Note:REPORTER

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FROM LANGUAGE TO IMAGES
Note:Ttttttttttttt

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Dreaming is storytelling in pictures.
Note:DEF

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“Visualization of the fluid sort that we find in our dreams,”
Note:FORMA DI PENSIERO...GIÀ FREUD

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we teach children how to speak and write but not how to draw;
Note:NOTATO?

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we want precision and conciseness and often rely on abstraction.
Note:CON IL LINGUAGGIO

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Nabokov wonders whether a memory of his first girlfriend will “survive captivity in the zoo of words”
Note:LE PAROLE SBIADISCONO

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uncertain whether words will convey the sensory richness and mystery of memories
Note:DUBBIO

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vision is our primary sense. When we remember the past, we usually remember in pictures.
Note:VISIONE DEL PASSATO

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thinking without Images,”
Note:PERICOLOSO PER COLERIDGE

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the real alternative to language as a form of communication is the body itself.
Note | Location: 577
BODYLANGUAGE

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We have developed an interest in objective truth.
Note:Tttttttttttttttt

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legal worldviews are more sophisticated than religious ones,
Note:INDIZIO CHE LO SPETTRO ALTO È SEMPRE PIÙ VALORIZZATO

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View 2: The Transition from Acting to Being as the Main Focus of Mind
Note:tttttttttttt

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acting and being—what the mind does and how it is.
Note:DUE FATTI SULLA MENTE

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the deliberate manipulation of conscious mental states:
Note:ATTIVITÀ MENTALE

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sensation and feeling: feelings, physical or mental.
Note:L ESSENZA DELLA MENTE

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Spectrum Law: Up-spectrum, the mind is dominated by doing. Down-spectrum, it is dominated by being.
Note:SECONDA LEGGE

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ABOUTNESS DISSOLVES
Note:Ttttttttttttt

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Much of mental life has a topic: my car, your car, where to park, Mike and Erica, tension in the European Union, peanuts. And much has no topic: I am dizzy with happiness, in pain,
Note:CONTENUTO...RIFERIMENTO

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I might be giving a lecture about fear, or (on the other hand) I might be afraid. Or I could be both:
Yellow highlight | Location: 603
By “sensation,” I mean the many subtle body feelings associated with fear; by “experience,” I mean those feelings
Note:SENSAZIONE...ESPERIENZA

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aware of my sensations or feelings,
Note:DIPENDE ANCHE DALLA PARTE DI SPETTRO CHE PRIVILEGIO

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thinking about,
Note:PARTE ALTA

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Down-spectrum I tend, increasingly, not to think about, but just to be.
Yellow highlight | Location: 609
Intentionality is the quality of aboutness,
Note:INTENZIONALITÀ => RIFERIMENTO

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Being depressed is about nothing. It is just a way to be.
Note:SUBIRE => SENSAZIONE

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Franz Brentano,
Note:IL PRIMO A INTRODURRE L INTENZIONE

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from the medieval scholastics, who found it in Aristotle.
Note:FONTI

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states of mind
Note:INT.PROPR DEL

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No mere physical state,
Note:NEGAZIONE

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Only states of mind can be intentional,
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what is specifically mental about the mental?—
Note:LA DOMANDA A CUI VOLEVA RISPONDERE

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The answer, I believe, lies in subjectivism.
Note:RISPOSTA ALTERNARIVA A B.

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subjective face that is visible to you alone.
Note:LO STATO MENTALE E SOLO LUI POSSIEDE INTERNALISMO

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Only our eyes are turned backward. . . .
Note:RILKE

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Animals only look out,
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In terms of aboutness, feelings and music are analogous.
Note | Location: 632
IL RIFERIMENTO DELLA MUSICA

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Music is not capable of aboutness.
Note:SENZA CONTENUTO

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communicate emotion but not information.
Note:INTERIORITÀ

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THE SPECTRUM FROM THE STANDPOINT OF EMOTION
Note:Tttttttttttt

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emotion disrupts thought
Note:ELIMINARE DALLO SPETTRO ALTO

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Early mornings are rarely the time for storms of rage or despair.
Note:MATTINO

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Many dreams are highly emotional.
Note:BASSO

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even our sense of self is shouldered aside. We forget ourselves, lose our selves.
Note:QUANDO LA SENSAZIONE DOMINA

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mere experiencers.
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we are wide open and have no defense against nightmare.
Note:LA PERDITA DI SÈ CI TERRORIZZA

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AT THE BOTTOM OF THE “EMOTIONS SPECTRUM”
Note:Tttttttttttttt

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“selfless state of pure being.”
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simple.
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awareness in general has been pushed out of the way.
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We have trouble finding, as well as forming, these low-spectrum memories. We encounter the problem of overconsciousness.
Note:LA COSCIENZA È COSÌ IMNERSA NELL EVENTO CHE NN LASCIA MEMORIA

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TESTIMONY: OVERCONSCIOUSNESS, “CONSCIOUSNESS BURN”
Note:Ttttttttttt

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eyewitness to an accident in J. M. Coetzee’s Age of Iron
Note:ESEMPUO DI OVERCON

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in one instant the boy put out a hand to save himself, in the next he was part of a tangle in the gutter.”
Note:GAP TRA DUE MMENTI NELL INCIDENTE

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Ernest Hemingway
Note:COLPITO N GUERRA

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“A roar that started white and went red
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I can experience something, as I have mentioned, without being aware that I am experiencing
Note:COSCIENZA NN RADDOPPIATA

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I have no basis for memory—except for memory of the sensations themselves.
Note:IN QS CASI

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utter misery, that it cannot be remembered”
Note:THOMAS THE QUINXEY

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“Delphine is so stunned that, later, she does not remember putting down the receiver or rushing in tears to her bed or lying there howling his name.”
Note:ROTH...LA MACCHIA UMANA

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newcomers to Auschwitz saw sights they simply could not absorb,
Note:MRTIN AMIS

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“One seldom remembers a moment when one’s whole self goes into a passionate or violent action.”
Note:RIASSUNTO

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“Nikki was explosive, crazily emotional, and could do and say bizarre things and not even remember them afterwards”
Note:ROTH...ALTRO ESEMPIO

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Georg Büchner’s manic-depressive hero Lenz
Note:UN ALTRO

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“Remember what April was like when we were young,” writes John Banville,
Note:OVERCONSC...TIPICO DEL INFANZIA

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A child’s mind is biased toward the spectrum’s low
Note:BIASED

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Karen Blixen
Note:ALTRI ESEMPI

Yellow highlight | Location: 704
sits down and lives.”
Yellow highlight | Location: 704
“Boredom is a sentiment not available to the Hottentot,”
Note:DETTO CON DISPREZZO

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PURE BEING AND THE DREAM
Note:Tttttttttrrtr

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Every night we experience, in dreams, sensation or emotion so vivid as to occupy our minds almost completely
Note:CASO TIPICO DI OVER

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“They slept again . . . , dreamlessly, or so they believed” (Cynthia Ozick, Foreign
Yellow highlight | Location: 718
When we hallucinate, we don’t just recall the memory; we reexperience
Note:MEMORIA E ALLUCINAZIONE

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we do not tend to reflect about the dream
Note:NEL SOGNO

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sleep researchers Inge Strauch and Barbara Meier
Note:STUDIOSI

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in dreaming, “we deal predominantly with events of the moment”
Note:LA LORO TESI

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total attention.”
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Foulkes wonders, “How can our awareness of dream events be so vivid, while we are so little aware of what our minds in fact are up to?”
Note:UN IO VIVISSIMO...TROPPO

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THE EMOTIONS AXIS, IN SUM
Note:Tttttttttttttt

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As we move down-spectrum, we gradually lose control over thought; we grow passive. Mental states grow more vivid and enveloping. We daydream, fantasize,
Note:RIASSUNTO...ZERO DISTACCO

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Overconsciousness is also a contributor to the other great mystery of forgetting
Note:DIMENTICARE

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infantile amnesia,” Freud called it.
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between two and four years, we recall nothing.
Note:ETÀ DELL OBLIO

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sensations overwhelm us,
Yellow highlight | Location: 763
View 3: The Transition from Outer to Inner Field of Consciousness
Note:Tttttttttt

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As we move down-spectrum, we become increasingly inner-focused until, drowsy and with mind wandering,
Note:OGGETTIVO...SOGGETTIVO

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sink into ourselves,
Yellow highlight | Location: 768
“deepening himself,”
Yellow highlight | Location: 770
Coetzee’s narrator should plunge into a boyhood memory.)
Yellow highlight | Location: 772
Spectrum Law: Up-spectrum, we live in the present. Down-spectrum, we tend increasingly not merely to recall but to revisit, briefly to reoccupy, the past.
Note:TERZA LEGGE

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As we move lower, memory takes on its more characteristic function. I am reminded of scenes and events that emerge from memory
Note:MEMORIA

Yellow highlight | Location: 792
Our focus moves from outer to inner.
Yellow highlight | Location: 795
In the upper spectrum, you dance to the music. At the bottom, you are still dancing, but the music is inside your head,
Note | Location: 796
UN MONDO NELLA TESTA

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BACKWARD IN TIME
Note:Tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 803
The growing vividness of memories, eventually turning hallucinatory,
Yellow highlight | Location: 820
STRANGE STATES ON THE WAY TO SLEEP
Note:Tttttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 821
As we approach sleep, our minds pass through strange states that we almost never recall.
Note:VERSO IL SONNO

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we are hallucinating, as when we dream. But the distortions of actual dreaming have yet to begin.
Note:ALKUCINAZIONE CHE NN È ANCORA SOGNO

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Sleep-onset thought is rarely mentioned in any sort of literature, but Charlotte Brontë knew all about it.
Note:UN MOMENTO DI CUI SI PARLA POCO

Yellow highlight | Location: 836
THE DEPTHS
Note:Ttttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 836
What happens once we have fallen asleep? The obvious prediction is that we continue to move down-spectrum,
Note:SONNO

Yellow highlight | Location: 840
sleep-lab studies
Yellow highlight | Location: 840
1965 study titled “Temporal Reference of Manifest Dream Content,” Paul Verdone
Yellow highlight | Location: 842
elements encountered in reality in the last week;
Note:PRIME 3 ORE

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references moved back in time toward more remote events
Note:DALLA QUARTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 843
reversal of this trend occurred toward more recent temporal reference.
Note:POI

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we are chronicle composers observing our own lives, living largely in retrospect.
Note:CHI SIAMO

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A Summary Rule of Thumb
Note:Tttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 862
Spectrum Rule of Thumb: Up-spectrum, consciousness feeds memory. Down-spectrum, memory feeds consciousness.
Note:LEGGE GENERALE

Yellow highlight | Location: 866
Spectrum Rule of Thumb: Below the spectrum’s midline, thought is increasingly out of control.
Yellow highlight | Location: 871
AXES, IN SUM
Note:Tttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 887
PERSONALITY
Note:Tttttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 889
John von Neumann,
Note:MENTE MATEMATICA

Yellow highlight | Location: 890
Eugene Wigner said, “Whenever I talked with von Neumann, I always had the impression that only he was fully awake.”
Note:TESTIMONIANZA

Yellow highlight | Location: 899
Napoléon was a different kind of genius. He knew warfare, politics, symbolism, big pictures.
Note:IMMGINE...VISIONARIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 903
I do “a thousand projects every night as I fall asleep” (Napoléon).
Note:DETTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 912
Proust’s alter ego speaks of his “natural inclination to daydream”
Yellow highlight | Location: 914
Jane Austen’s Emma tells us that “a linguist, a grammarian,” “even a mathematician” is very different from her; she is “an imaginist.”
Yellow highlight | Location: 937
Everyone has a distinct cognitive personality or thought style—a
Yellow highlight | Location: 943
THE BIGGER PICTURE
Note:Ttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 944
Only subjectivists and subjectivism can elucidate the deep problems of the spectrum, or at least inch forward in that direction—because only subjectivists can see them.
Note:OGGETTO Ismo UBEE ALLES

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Martin Heidegger
Note:ESEMPI

Yellow highlight | Location: 946
van Gogh’s
Yellow highlight | Location: 971
in the twentieth century the mainstream scientists climbing higher, rung by rung up the spectrum, like high-wire artists stepping up
Note:SCIENZIATI SEMPRE PIÙ SU ARTISTI SEMPRE PIÙ GIÙ

Yellow highlight | Location: 973
The artists were deliberately descending the spectrum
Note:ARTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 975
toward pure concreteness,
Note:VAGGIO DELK ARTISTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 975
sheer being is a miracle that needs grasping
Note:NN SPIEGAZIONI MA LLUMINAZIONI

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My task in this book is to assemble the fundamental facts about subjective reality,
Note:RIPETIAMO

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the mind in motion,
ORGANISMO

giovedì 26 aprile 2018

FEDE E RAGIONE. STORIE E LOGICA

Fede&Ragione non sono in contrapposizione bensì in sequela: al mattino noi crediamo grazie alla ragione, alla sera grazie alla fede. La mente riposata crede appellandosi alla ragione, la mente affaticata appellandosi alla fede. Se siamo in forma riusciamo a “dimostrare”, se siamo spossati possiamo solo “raccontare”. Logica e narrazione sono due modalità per dare senso che possono anche condividere il medesimo contenuto (il "divulgatore" trasforma i modelli in racconti). Poiché l’esercizio della logica è innaturale richiede un supplemento di energie: la stanchezza che si accumula nella giornata ci spinge sempre più verso le storie, finché il sonno non ci consegnerà definitivamente al sogno, l'ultima spiaggia del "senso".

AMAZON.COM
A “rock star” (New York Times) of the computing world provides a radical new work on the meaning of human consciousness.The holy grail of psychologists and scientists for nearly a century has been to understand and replicate both human thought and the human mind. In fact, it's wh...