Visualizzazione post con etichetta christina hoff sommers war agaist boys. Mostra tutti i post
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giovedì 6 ottobre 2016

I mal sopportati

Ho avuto due figlie e son contento. Inutile girarci intorno, i ragazzini rendono noi adulti nervosi
… as a group, they are noisy, rowdy, and hard to manage. Many are messydisorganized, and won’t sit still. Boys tend to like action, risk, and competition. When researchers asked a sample of boys why they did not spend a lot of time talking about their problems, most of them said it was “weird” and a waste of time…
Vogliamo esemplificare il tutto con un “classico”?:
… When David was a high school senior in 2003, his graduating class went on a camping trip in the desert. A creative writing educator visited the camp and led the group through an exercise designed to develop their sensitivity and imaginations. Each student was given a pen, a notebook, a candle, and matches. They were told to walk a short distance into the desert, sit down alone, and “discover themselves.” The girls followed instructions. The boys, baffled by the assignment, gathered together, threw the notebooks into a pile, lit them with the matches, and made a little bonfire…
Oggi, quello che è il comportamento normale di un gruppo di ragazzini viene visto come aberrante. Christine Hoff Sommers si è occupata di questa distorsione sociale nel suo “The War Against Boys”.
C’è una zavorra che ciascun bambino maschio porta sulle spalle nel corso della sua formazione:
… Boys today bear the burden of several powerful cultural trends: a therapeutic approach to education that valorizes feelings and denigrates competition and risk, zero-tolerance policies that punish normal antics of young males, and a gender equity movement that views masculinity as predatory. Natural male exuberance is no longer tolerated….
Uno dei nemici è l’ossessione per il rischio-zero. In questo caso nelle scuole, nei cui cortili ormai viene proibito anche braccio di ferro o “ce l’hai”. Si tratta di pratiche che minano l’incolumità fisica e l’autostima. La maestra:
… “we want to encourage a game that may lead to more injuries and confrontation among students?”… “The running part of this activity is healthy and encouraged; however, in this game there is a ‘victim’ or ‘it,’ which creates a self-esteem issue.”… Texas, Maryland, New York, and Virginia “have banned, limited, or discouraged” dodgeball. “Any time you throw an object at somebody,” said an elementary school coach in Cambridge, Massachusetts, “it creates an environment of retaliation and resentment.”…
La competizione è il nemico e il contatto fisico il demonio:
… The new therapeutic sensibility rejects almost all forms of competition in favor of a gentle and nurturing climate of cooperation. It is also a surefire way to bore and alienate boys. From the earliest age, boys show a distinct preference for active outdoor play, with a strong predilection for games with body contact, conflict, and clearly defined winners and losers…
Ma la cosa più rilevante è che non si vuole prendere atto di come maschi e femmine giochino in modo molto diverso:
… Deborah Tannen, professor of linguistics at Georgetown University and author of You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation, sums up the research on male/female play differences: Boys tend to play outside, in large groups that are hierarchically structured. . . . Girls, on the other hand, play in small groups or in pairs: the center of a girl’s social life is a best friend. Within the group intimacy is the key…
I maschi “fanno bordello”, ruzzano come vitellini. Non è patologia ma sana fisiologia.
… “laughing, running, smiling, jumping, open-hand beating, wrestling, play fighting, chasing and fleeing.”… this is rough-and-tumble play (R&T)… This kind of play is often mistakenly regarded as aggression… Rough-and-tumble play brings boys together, makes them happy, and is a critical part of their socialization… “Children who engaged in R&T, typically boys, also tended to be liked and to be good social problem solvers,”… Aggressive children, on the other hand, tend not to be liked by their peers and are not good at solving problems…
Nel cercare il rischio-zero noi rendiamo le nostre scuole invivibili per i maschi (che infatti si annoiano a morte). Nel puntare al rischio-zero noi puniamo anche comportamenti sani:
… Increasingly, however, those in charge of little boys, including parents, teachers, and school officials, are blurring the distinction and interpreting R&T as aggression. This confusion threatens boys’ welfare and normal development…
Un’occhiata alle sospensioni conferma la distorsione in atto:
… when two researchers, Mary Ellin Logue and Hattie Harvey, studied the classroom practices of 98 teachers of four-year-olds, they found that this style of play was the least tolerated. Nearly half (48 percent) of teachers stopped or redirected boys’ dramatic play daily or several times a week, whereas less than a third (29 percent) reported stopping or redirecting girls’ dramatic play weekly… Such attitudes may help explain why boys are 4.5 times more likely to be expelled from preschool than girls…
C’è chi senza accorgersene scambia la non-violenza per un valore femminile:
… One Boston teacher, Barbara Wilder-Smith, spent a year observing elementary school classrooms. She reports that an increasing number of mothers and teachers “believe that the key to producing a nonviolent adult is to remove all conflict—toy weapons, wrestling, shoving and imaginary explosions and crashes—from a boy’s life.”…
Se c’è qualcosa di rischioso è la libertà. Ecco allora salire sul banco degli imputati “l’intervallo”, ovvero l’unico momento di libertà nelle nostre scuole. In molti plessi è stato abolito. Cominciano a sorgere le prime scuole senza cortile (luogo di elezione per il bullismo e la segregazione di genere).
… “Since the 1970s, children have lost about 12 hours per week in free time, including a 25 percent decrease in play and a 50 percent decrease in unstructured outdoor activities, according to another study.”… “Recess,” reported the New York Times, “has become so anachronistic in Atlanta that the Cleveland Avenue Grammar School, a handsome brick building, was built two years ago without a playground.”… Of course, if it could be shown that sex segregation on the playground or rambunctious competitive games were having harmful social consequences, efforts to curb them would be justified. But that has never been shown…
Bambini immobilizzati => banbini obesi.
… Obesity has become a serious problem for both boys and girls, but rather more so for boys…
Il caso esecrabile della pistola (Lego) in classe, ed altri casi.
… On February 2, 2010, nine-year-old Patrick Timoney was marched to the principal’s office and threatened with suspension when he was caught in the cafeteria with a weapon. More precisely, he was found playing with a tiny LEGO soldier armed with a two-inch rifle… 2011: Ten-year-old Nicholas Taylor, a fifth grader at the David Youree Elementary School in Smyrna, Tennessee, was sentenced to sit alone at lunch for six days. His crime? Waving around a slice of pizza that had been chewed to resemble a gun. • 2010: David Morales, an eight-year-old in Providence, Rhode Island, ran afoul of zero tolerance when, for a special class project, he brought in a camouflage hat with little plastic army men glued on the flap. • 2009: Zachary Christie, six, of Newark, Delaware, excited to be a new Cub Scout, packed his camping utensil in his lunch box. The gadget, which can be used as a knife, fork, or spoon, prompted school officials to charge him with possession of a weapon. Zachary faced forty-five days in the district’s reform school but was later granted a reprieve by the school board and suspended for five days…
La politica di zero-tolerance. Zero-tolerance = zero giochi (per i maschi).
… Zero-tolerance policies became popular in the 1990s as youth crime seemed to be surging and schools were coping with a rash of shootings. These policies mandate severe punishments—often suspension or expulsion—for any student who brings weapons or drugs to school, or who threatens others. Sanctions apply to all violations—regardless of the student’s motives, the seriousness of the offense, or extenuating circumstances. School officials embraced zero tolerance because it seemed like the best way to make schools safe… Under the zero-tolerance regime, suspension rates have increased dramatically. In 1974, 1.7 million children in grades K–12 were suspended from the nation’s schools. By 2007, when the K–12 population had increased by 5 percent, the number of suspensions had nearly doubled to 3.3 million—nearly 70 percent of them boys…
Aggressione e virilità diventano sinonimi: che errore! E chi paga il conto sono spesso i bambini più vivaci.
Una punizione sentita come ingiusta (ed effettivamente ingiusta) mina il legame di fiducia. Hai voglia poi a recuperare. Così come una sospensione ingiusta crea immensi danni per il futuro scolastico del piccolo.
… if students perceive a punishment to be excessive, capricious, and unjust, this weakens the bond between them and the adults who are supposed to be their mentors. According to psychologists James Comer and Alvin Poussaint, suspensions can make it “more difficult for you to work with the child in school… “We observe a negative relationship between school suspension and future educational outcomes.”…
L’atteggiamento repressivo ha trovato una base teorica nella figura del “superpredatore”:
… On January 15, 1996, Time magazine ran a cover story about a “teenage time bomb.” Said Time, “They are just four, five, and six years old right now, but already they are making criminologists nervous.”46 The “they” were little boys who would soon grow into cold-blooded killers capable of “remorseless brutality.” The story was based on alarming findings by several eminent criminologists, including James Q. Wilson (then at UCLA). Wilson had extrapolated from a famous 1972 study of the juvenile delinquency rate among young people born in Philadelphia in 1945 and estimated that within five years—by 2010—the nation would be plagued by “30,000 more muggers, killers and thieves.”… Suspicion of the masculine gender quickly went generic, extending to all boys. “The carnage committed by two boys in Littleton, Colorado,” said the Congressional Quarterly Researcher, “has forced the nation to reexamine the nature of boyhood in America.”52 Michael Kimmel, professor of sociology at Stony Brook University, explained that the Littleton shooters were “not deviants at all,” but “over-conformists . . . to traditional notions of masculinity.”
Una figura mai materializzatasi, forse era stata condotta una lotta senza avere un nemico: la criminalità diminuiva ovunque a prescindere dalle misure di zero-tolerance.
… Compared with the prior twenty years, the juvenile murder arrest rate between 2000 and 2009 has been historically low and relatively stable. • The 2009 rape arrest rate was at its lowest level in three decades. • The 2009 juvenile arrest rate for aggravated assault was at its lowest since the mid-1980s… Rates of juvenile crimes in states with high arrests were not significantly different from those with low arrests.56 What about school violence?…
Ma la frittata era stata fatta, specie a scuola:
… the damage was done. The public would remain anxious about the specter of youth violence. Although Wilson and DiIulio renounced their theory about young male superpredators, a large group of activist gender scholars immediately took their place. Their theories were even more extravagant and far less empirically grounded. But the outraged criminologists, law professors, and child welfare activists who stood up to the superpredator myth left the new mythmakers alone…
Se prima si temeva la violenza criminale, ora si teme la discriminazione e il sessismo. Il bambino esuberante diventava un potenziale stupratore da “riprogrammare” a suon di bromuro. la società patriarcale ci consegna un maschio violento e i mass killer di Columbine non sono che ragazzini qualunque che hanno forse ecceduto un po’ troppo:
…  Boys would be spending most of the day learning about “violence prevention and how to be allies to the girls and women in their lives.” When a reporter from the San Francisco Chronicle questioned the logic behind this plan, the director, Amy Levine, explained, “It’s about dealing with effects of sexism on both boys and girls and how it can damage them.”As Levine sees it, boys are potential predators in need of remedial socialization… From its beginnings in the 1990s, the gender equity movement has been leery of boys and has looked for ways to reimagine their masculinity… Hanson is convinced that “our educational system is a primary carrier of the dominant culture’s assumptions,”93 and that that “dominant culture”—Western, patriarchal, sexist, and violent—is sick. Since the best cure is prevention, reeducating boys is a moral imperative… Haki Madhubuti: “The liberation of the male psyche from preoccupation with domination, power hunger, control, and absolute rightness requires . . . a willingness for painful, uncomfortable and often shocking change.”… The school shooters picked up guns to conform to the expected ethos dictating that boys dominate girls and take revenge against other boys who threatened their relationships with particular girls: their actions were incubated in a culture of violence that is largely accepted and allowed to fester every day. Transforming these hyper-masculine school cultures [is] essential to preventing . . . school shootings…
I pedagoghi si sbizzarriscono nell’elaborare protocolli fantasiosi su misura per i maschietti più agitati:
… Take your son—or “son for a day”—to an event that focuses on . . . ending men’s violence against women. Call the Family Violence Prevention Fund at 800 END-ABUSE for information. • Plan a game or sport in which the contest specifically does not keep score or declare a winner. Invite the community to watch and celebrate boys playing on teams for the sheer joy of playing. • Since Son’s Day is on SUNDAY, make sure your son is involved in preparing the family for the work and school week ahead. This means: helping lay out clothes for siblings and making lunches… Take your son grocery shopping, then help him plan and prepare the family’s evening meal on Son’s Day…
Dichiarazione programmatica:
… “We view teasing and bullying as the precursors to adolescent sexual harassment, and believe that the roots of this behavior are to be found in early childhood socialization practices.”… It is not that “boys are bad,” the authors assure us, “but rather that we must all do a much better job of addressing aggressive behavior of young boys to counteract the prevailing messages they receive from the media and society in general.”… early intervention in the male “socialization process” is critical if we are to stem the tide of male violence….
L’equità di genere per molti è diventata una priorità a scuola. Chi persegue questo obiettivo ha le idee chiare e parte dai fatti:
…  Every year nearly four million women are beaten to death by men.80 • Violence is the leading cause of death among women. • The leading cause of injury among women is being beaten by a man at home. • There was a 59 percent increase in rapes between 1990 and 1991.83 This “culture of violence,” says Hanson, “stem[s] from cultural norms that socialize males…
Un nemico dichiarato sono gli sport violenti (la violenza sarebbe il contatto fisico purchessia):
… “One of the most overlooked arenas of violence training within schools may be the environment that surrounds athletics and sports. Beginning with Little League games where parents and friends sit on the sidelines and encourage aggressive, violent behavior.”…
Purtroppo, anche qui come in altri casi disinformazione e fervore moralistico si mischiano. Tanto per iniziare, i “fatti” che il militante dell’equità di genere prende per oro colato sono tutt’altro che chiari:
… If Hanson were right, the United States would be the site of an atrocity unparalleled in the twentieth century. Four million women beaten to death by men! Every year! In fact, the total number of annual female deaths from all causes is approximately one million.87 Only a minuscule fraction are caused by violence, and an even tinier fraction are caused by battery. According to the FBI, the total number of women who died by murder in 1996 was 3,631.88 In contrast, Director Hanson calculates that 11,000 American women are beaten to death every day…
Le “conquiste” dei militanti oggi impauriscono i direttori didattici che sotto la minaccia di processi umilianti prendono provvedimenti talvolta assurdi, come per esempio “abolire l’intervallo”.
… The fear of ruinous lawsuits is forcing schools to treat normal boys as sexist culprits. The climate of anxiety helps explain why, in 2004, Stephen Fogelman from Branson, Missouri, was suspended for sexual harassment for kissing a classmate on the cheek…
Ora, non bisogna negare che esiste tra i generi una diversa inclinazione all’aggressione fisica:
… Sex differences in physical aggression are real. Cross-cultural studies confirm the obvious: boys are universally more combative. In a classic 1973 study of the research on male-female differences, Eleanor Maccoby and Carol Jacklin conclude that, compared to girls, boys engage in more mock fighting and more aggressive fantasies. They insult and hit one another and retaliate more quickly when attacked: “The sex difference [in aggression] is found as early as social play begins—at 2 or 21/2.”110…
Ma non bisogna confondere una sana virilità con la violenza: Per molti, al contrario, la mascolinità è un male in sè, da qui la “guerra contro i ragazzini” che molte scuole sembrano aver dichiarato.
… There is an all-important difference between healthy and aberrational masculinity. Criminologists distinguish between “hypermasculinity” (or “protest masculinity”) and the normal masculinity of healthy young males. Hypermasculine young men do indeed express their maleness through antisocial behavior—mostly against other males, but also through violent aggression toward and exploitation of women. Healthy young men express their manhood in competitive endeavors that are often physical. As they mature, they take on responsibility, strive for excellence, and achieve and “win.”… Unfortunately, many educators have become persuaded that there is truth in the relentlessly repeated proposition that masculinity per se is the cause of violence. Beginning with the premise that most violence is perpetrated by men, they move hastily, and fallaciously, to the proposition that maleness is the leading cause of violence. By this logic, every boy is a proto-predator…
Conclusione del libro:
… My message is not to “let boys be boys.” Boys should not be left to their boyishness but should rather be guided and civilized. It has been said that every year civilization is invaded by millions of tiny barbarians; they’re called children. All societies confront the problem of civilizing children—both boys and girls, but particularly boys. History teaches us that masculinity without morality is lethal. But masculinity constrained by morality is powerful and constructive, and a gift to women. Boys need to be shown how to grow into respectful human beings. They must be shown, in ways that leave them in no doubt…
Come incanalare in modo sano la virilità?
Il problema è vecchio come il mondo perchè il mondo (uomini e donne) è sempre stato ben conscio di come questo aspetto dell’umano fosse prezioso e da preservare. Ebbene, se non si conosce una via migliore si adotti quella tradizionale che consiste nella “formazione di un carattere”. Ma oggi qualcuno, forse, ritiene che la virilità rappresenti solo un rischio sociale per proteggersi dal quale è giusto mettere in campo una serie di politiche scolastiche che di fatto sono un attacco alla natura dei nostri figli maschi.
… The traditional approach is through character education: to develop a boy’s sense of honor and to help him become considerate, conscientious, and gentlemanly. This approach respects boys’ masculinity and does not require that they sit in sedate circles playing tug-of-peace or run around aimlessly playing tag where no one is ever out. And it does not include making seven-year-old boys feel ashamed for playing with toy soldiers… Boys do need discipline, but in today’s educational environment they also need protection—from self-esteem promoters, roughhouse prohibitionists, zero-tolerance enforcers, and gender equity activists who are at war with their very natures…
 
boy

lunedì 26 settembre 2016

1 Where the Boys Are - The War Against Boys: How Misguided Policies are Harming Our Young Men by Christina Hoff Sommers

1 Where the Boys AreRead more at location 91
Note: la svuola avvantaggia le ragazze... evidenza differenze: · le 18enni sono + ambiziose sul xcorso educativo · " " " partecipano a + attività extracurriculari · " " " scrivono e leggono meglio · " " " si iscrivono più facilmente all università · " " " si laurano + spesso l aneddoto di dan: lo stile e la sostanza della ricerca ma i ragazzi non dominano nei test? come si conciliano le discrepanze? meno ragazzi prendono il sat + ragazze a rischio prendono il sat spread: tra i ragazzo + geni + scarsoni... gli idioti evitano il sat ……… dove sono finiti gli uomini?: ormai nelle università sono il 60/40... ormai la loro defaillance è ammessa da tutti reazione femminista: nn sono i ragazzi nei guai sono le ragazze che progrediscono meglio xchè il femminismo si oppone all evidenza? xchè l uomo predomina im societá... ceo wage gap... ma dimenticano il fenomeno spread... il maschio predomina anche tra i lavoratori scoraggiati o tra i carcerati wage gap: 1 tempo lavorato 2 preferenze negli studi ultimamente le femministe sembrano riconoscere l evidenza del wg con la postilla... xrò le scelte nn sono libere... insomma la buttano sul filosifico tanto xchè nulla sia più dimostrabile... inoltre pressioni decennali nn sembrano mutare le scelte.. .........smoking gun... i maschi prevalgono nei test di scienza e matematica ma non nei voti... in lettura e scrittura soccombono sempre cosa spiega il disallineamento test/voti: le abilità nn cognitive (pazienza self control...) che le femmine sviluppano prima e che l impostazoone didattica esalta... i bimbi che hanno qs abilità racvolgono i frutti migliori... l enfasi sulla condotta e il conformismo penalizza i maschietti reazione: peggio x i m.... ok ma sono bambino xchè nn provare una pedagogia altrrnativa?... si ha la netta sensazione che i ragazi siano puniti in quanto tali Edit
Note: 1@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit
Aviation High School in Queens,Read more at location 93
This is an institution that is working miracles with students. Schools everywhere struggle to keep teenagers engaged. At Aviation, they are enthralled. On a recent visit to Aviation, I observed a classroom of fourteen- and fifteen-year-olds intently focused on constructing miniaturized, electrically wired airplane wings from mostly raw materials. In another class, the students worked in teams—with a student foreman and crew chief—to take apart a small jet engine and then put it back together in just twenty days.Read more at location 96
Note: ENTUSIASMO MASCHILE Edit
The school’s two thousand pupils—mostly Hispanic, African American, and Asian from homes below the poverty line—have a 95 percent attendance rate and an 88 percent graduation rate, with 80 percent attending college.Read more at location 102
Note: RISULTATI Edit
Aviation High lives up to its motto: “Where Dreams Take Flight.” So what is the secret of its success? “The school is all about structure,” Assistant Principal Ralph Santiago told me.Read more at location 107
Note: STRUTTURATO Edit
anyone who spends a little time at the school sees its success is not about zero-tolerance and strict sanctions. The students are kept so busy and are so fascinated with what they are doing that they have neither the time nor the desire for antics.Read more at location 111
Note: DISCIPLINA E LAVORO Edit
Despite its seventy-five-year history of success, and despite possessing what seems to be a winning formula for educating at-risk kids, it suffers from what many education leaders consider to be a fatal flaw: the school is 85 percent male.Read more at location 118
Note: 85% Edit
Principal Deno Charalambous, Assistant Principal Ralph Santiago, and other administrators have made efforts to reach out to all prospective students, male and female, but it is mostly boys who respond.Read more at location 125
At the same time, it is girls who are the overwhelming majority at two other New York City vocational schools: the High School of Fashion Industries and the Clara Barton High School (for health professions) are 92 percent and 77 percent female, respectively.Read more at location 132
Note: SCUOLE FEMMINILI Edit
Despite forty years of feminist consciousness-raising and gender-neutral pronouns, boys still outnumber girls in aviation and automotive schools, and girls still outnumber boys in fashion and nursing. The commonsense explanation is that sexes differ in their interests and propensities. But activists in groups such as the American Association of University Women and the National Women’s Law Center beg to differ.Read more at location 133
Note: 40 ANNI Edit
Marcia Greenberger, along with two activist lawyers, wrote a letterRead more at location 138
Note: LA LETTERA Edit
“The vocational programs offered at these schools correspond with outmoded and impermissible stereotypes on the basis of sex.” The letter noted that “even the names assigned to vocational high schools send strong signals to students that they are appropriate only for one sex or the other.”Read more at location 142
Note: CONTENUTI Edit
The educators at Aviation define equity as “equality of opportunity”—girls are just as welcome as boys. They were frankly baffled by the letters and threats and seemed to think it was just a misunderstanding. But the activists at the National Women’s Law Center, as well as the authors of the Blue School, Pink School report, believe that true equity means equality of participation.Read more at location 152
Note: PARI OPPORTUNITÀ Edit
Boys and Girls in the ClassroomRead more at location 164
Note: T Edit
feminist psychologist Carol Gilligan, a leader of the shortchanged-girl movement.Read more at location 184
Mary Pipher’s bleak tidings in her bestselling book, Reviving Ophelia: Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls. According to Pipher, “Something dramatic happens to girls in early adolescence. . . . They crash and burn.”Read more at location 186
Note: IL MOVIMENTO Edit
that the female advantage in school performance is real and persistent.”Read more at location 196
Note: FEMALE ADVANTAGE Edit
Thomas Snyder,Read more at location 197
“Female high school seniors tend to have higher educational aspirations than their male peers.”Read more at location 199
Note: AMBIZIONE Edit
“Female high school seniors are more likely to participate in more after-school activitiesRead more at location 200
Note: ATTIVITÀ Edit
“Females have consistently outperformed males in reading and writing.”Read more at location 202
Note: LEGGERE E SCRIVERE Edit
“Females are more likely than males to enroll in college.”Read more at location 204
Note: IMMATRICOLAZIONI Edit
“Women are more likely than men to persist and attain degrees.”Read more at location 205
Note: DROP OUT Edit
But Don’t Boys Test Better?Read more at location 230
Note: T Edit
Fewer males than females take the SAT (46 percent of the test takers are male) and far more of the female test takers come from the “at risk” category—girls from lower-income homes or with parents who never graduated from high school or never attended college.Read more at location 234
Note: PIÙ A RISCHIO LE RAGAZZ Edit
There is another factor that skews test results. Nancy Cole, former president of the Educational Testing Service, calls it the “spread” phenomenon. Scores on almost any intelligence or achievement test are more widely distributed for boys than for girls—boys include more prodigies and more students of marginal ability. Or, as the late political scientist James Q. Wilson once put it, “There are more male geniuses and more male idiots.” The boys of marginal ability tend not to take the SAT,Read more at location 238
Note: VARIANZA Edit
But what is hard to understand is why the math and science gap launched a massive movement on behalf of girls, and yet a much larger gap in reading, writing, and school engagement created no comparable effort for boys.Read more at location 252
Note: PARADOSSO: MATH/READING Edit
Where Have all the Young Men Gone?Read more at location 262
Note: T Edit
College admissions officers were baffled, concerned, and finally panicked over the dearth of male applicants. A new phrase entered the admissions office lexicon: “the tipping point”—the point at which the ratio of women to men reaches 60/40. According to insider lore, if male enrollment falls to 40 percent or below, females begin to flee. Officials at schools at or near the tipping point (American University, Boston University, Brandeis University, New York University, the University of Georgia, and the University of North Carolina, to name only a few) feared their campuses were becoming like retirement villages, with a surfeit of women competing for a tiny handful of surviving men.Read more at location 277
Note: 60/40 Edit
In the professional schools, once dominated by men, women were earning 57 percent of degrees in law, 62 percent in dentistry, 73 percent in optometry, 77 percent in pharmacy, and 82 percent in veterinary medicine.Read more at location 302
Note: FEM RULE Edit
The Empire Strikes BackRead more at location 310
Note: T Edit
Linda Hallman,Read more at location 311
This powerful and influential organization saw the new focus on boys as part of an organized backlash against the gains of women.Read more at location 317
Note: AAUW. Edit
“More men are earning college degrees today in the United States than at any time in history.”42 Men have not fallen behind; it is simply that females “have made more rapid gains.”Read more at location 334
Note: LA NUOVA TESI FEMMINISTA Edit
“Perhaps the most compelling evidence against the existence of a boys’ crisis is that men continue to outearn women in the workplace.”Read more at location 339
Note: FEMMINISTE: PUNTARE TUTTO SIL LAVORO Edit
It is true that in absolute terms more boys were graduating from high school and going to college in 2005 than in the previous forty years. But that is because the population of college-age males was much larger in 2005 than in the previous forty years.Read more at location 355
Note: RISPOSTA SUI NUMERI ASSOLUTI Edit
As one AAUW author told the Washington Post, “If there is a crisis, it is with African American and Hispanic students and low-income students, girls and boys.”51 But here the AAUW obscures the fact that the gender gap favors girls across all ethnic, racial, and social lines. Young black women are twice as likely to go to college as black men;Read more at location 371
Note: RAZZA? Edit
The facts are incontrovertible: young women from poor neighborhoods in Boston, Los Angeles, or Washington, DC, do much better than the young men from those same neighborhoods.Read more at location 379
Note: RISP AL RAZZISMO Edit
Kleinfeld found that 34 percent of Hispanic males with college-educated parents scored “below basic,” compared to 19 percent of Hispanic females.Read more at location 395
Note: LATINOS Edit
What Motivates the Women’s Lobby?Read more at location 398
Note: T Edit
When they look at society as a whole, they see males winning all the prizes. Men still prevail in the highest echelons of power. Look at the number of male CEOs, full professors, political leaders. Or consider the wage gap.Read more at location 399
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The “spread” phenomenonRead more at location 404
There are far more men than women at the extremes of success and failure. And failure is more common.Read more at location 405
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More than one million Americans are classified by the Department of Labor as “discouraged workers.” These are workers who have stopped looking for jobs because they feel they have no prospects or lack the requisite skills and education. Nearly 60 percent are men—636,000 men and 433,000 women. Consider also that that more than 1.5 million (1,500,278) men are in prison. For women the figure is 113,462.Read more at location 407
Note: L ALTRA FACCIA Edit
“wage gap,”Read more at location 410
The 23-cent gender pay gap is simply the difference between the average earnings of all men and women working full-time.Read more at location 411
Note: WAGE GAP Edit
When mainstream economists consider the wage gap, they find that pay disparities are almost entirely the result of women’s different life preferences—what men and women choose to study in school, where they work, and how they balance their home and career.Read more at location 413
In addition to differences in education and training, the review found that women are more likely than men to leave the workforce to take care of children or older parents.Read more at location 417
“Female doctors are more likely to be pediatricians than higher-paid cardiologists. They are more likely to work part time. And even those working full time put in seven percent fewer hours a week than men. They are also much more likely to take extended leaves,Read more at location 425
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And as economists frequently remind us, if it were really true that an employer could get away with paying Jill less than Jack for the same work, clever entrepreneurs would fire all their male employees, replace them with females, and enjoy a huge market advantage.Read more at location 429
Women’s groups do occasionally acknowledgeRead more at location 431
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they insist that women’s choices are not truly free.Read more at location 433
sexist stereotypes.Read more at location 434
“pink-collar”Read more at location 436
The women’s groups need to show—not dogmatically assert—that women’s choices are not free.Read more at location 440
Of course, these are weighty philosophical questions unlikely to be resolved anytime soon. But surely, one thing should be clear: ignoring boys’ educational deficits is not the solution to the wage and power gap.Read more at location 442
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severe domestic ennui—“the problem that had no name.” Today the problem Friedan described hardly exists.Read more at location 455
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The new problem with no name is the economic and social free fall of millions of young men.Read more at location 458
The Economic FalloutRead more at location 473
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The Growing Gender Gap in Our Nation’s Colleges: What Are the Implications?Read more at location 486
As jobs in manufacturing, construction, farming, and mining have disappeared and the United States has moved toward a knowledge-based economy, men have failed to adapt.Read more at location 501
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In major cities across the United States, single women ages twenty-two to thirty with no children now earn 8 percent more than their male counterpartsRead more at location 508
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The Women’s Lobby AgainRead more at location 531
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A Smoking Gun on How Our Schools Fail BoysRead more at location 579
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Boys score slightly better than girls on national math and science tests—yet their grades in those subjects are lower. They perform worse than girls on literacy tests—but their classroom grades are even lower than these test scores predict.Read more at location 581
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inadvertently solved the mysteryRead more at location 584
Teachers as early as kindergarten factor good behavior into grades—and girls, as a rule, comport themselves far better and are more amenable to classroom routines than boys.Read more at location 588
Note: DISCIPLINA Edit
“We trace the misalignment of grades and test scores to differences between boys and girls in their non-cognitive development.” Non-cognitive skills include self-control, attentiveness, organization, and the ability to sit still for long periods of time. As most parents know, girls tend to develop these skills earlierRead more at location 590
Note: ABILITÀ NN COGNITIVE Edit
At all stages studied, teachers’ assessments strongly favored the girls. Girls reap large academic benefits from good behaviorRead more at location 595
Note: TESI Edit
The researchers found that boys who possess social skills more commonly found in girls—those who are well-organized, well-behaved, and can sit still—are graded as well or better than girls. But such boys are rare.Read more at location 596
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Some will say: too bad for the boys. If young boys are inattentive, obstreperous, and upsetting to their teachers, that’s their problem.Read more at location 604
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If little boys are restive and unfocused, why not look for ways to help them improve? When we realized that girls, as a group, were languishing behind boys in math and science, we mounted a concerted national effort to give female students more support and encouragement, an effort that has met with significant success.Read more at location 608
Note: AIUTO Edit
The sad truth is that the educational deficits of boys may be one of the least-studied phenomena in American education. If Professor Cornwell and his colleagues are right, our educational system may be punishing boys for the circumstance of being boys. And it is a punishment that can last a lifetime.Read more at location 622
Note: CONCLUSIONE Edit