NULLA CAMBIA...

Riccardo Mariani

Adesso · 

NULLA CAMBIA...

Quand'anche giungessimo alla conclusione che stiamo vivendo in una simulazione realizzata da altri (realtà virtuale), perché mai dovremmo mutare i nostri comportamenti? Religione, etica, politica, divertimento... tutto potrebbe restare inalterato, non c'è ragione per cambiare.

SIMULATION-ARGUMENT.COM

www.simulation-argument.com

Are You Living in a Simulation? nick bostrom

Are You Living in a Simulation?

nick bostrom

Citation (APA): bostrom, n. (2018). Are You Living in a Simulation? [Kindle Android version]. Retrieved from Amazon.com

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Parte introduttiva

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 2

Are You Living in a Simulation? By nick bostrom

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 9

at least one of the following propositions is true:

Nota - Posizione 9

TESI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 10

human species is very likely to go extinct before reaching a “posthuman”

Nota - Posizione 10

PRIMA AFFERMAZ...DOOM AFF

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 10

posthuman civilization is extremely unlikely to run a significant number of simulations

Nota - Posizione 11

SECONDA...LAZY AFF

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 11

we are almost certainly living in a computer simulation.

Nota - Posizione 11

TERZA AFFERMAZIONE..MATRIX

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 13

we are currently living in a simulation.

Nota - Posizione 13

SE SOPRAVVIVEREMO CON LA VOGLIA DI COSTRUIRE SIMULAZIONI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 14

I. INTRODUCTION

Nota - Posizione 14

Tttttttt

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 15

enormous amounts of computing power will be available in the future.

Nota - Posizione 15

LA PREDIZIONE DI MOLTI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 16

run detailed simulations of their forebears or of people like their forebears.

Nota - Posizione 16

UNA COSA CHE SI POTRÀ FARE CON I SUPERCOMP

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 17

Suppose that these simulated people are conscious

Nota - Posizione 17

ROBA MOLTO SOFOSTICATA

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 19

the vast majority of minds like ours do not belong to the original race but rather to people simulated

Nota - Posizione 19

IL DUBBIO CHE SORGE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 22

we are not entitled to believe that we will have descendants who will run lots of such simulations of their forebears.

Nota - Posizione 22

SE NN CREDIAMO DI ESSERE IN UNA SIMLAZIONE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 25

it suggests naturalistic analogies to certain traditional religious conceptions,

Nota - Posizione 25

CHE FA L ARGOMENTO

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 156

VI. INTERPRETATION

Nota - Posizione 156

Ttttttttttttt

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 159

we must give a high credence to DOOM,

Nota - Posizione 159

ES DI CREDENZA ANTISIMULAZIONE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 172

the fraction of posthuman civilizations that are interested in running ancestor-simulation is negligibly small.

Nota - Posizione 173

ALTRA CREDENZA ANTI SIMULAZIONE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 184

there are certainly many humans who would like to run ancestor-simulations if they could afford to do so.

Nota - Posizione 185

REGISTRIAMO

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 191

If we are living in a simulation, then the cosmos that we are observing is just a tiny piece of the totality of physical existence.

Nota - Posizione 191

NEL CASO DI SIMULAZIONE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 194

It may be possible for simulated civilizations to become posthuman.

Nota - Posizione 194

VERTIGINE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 196

Virtual machines can be stacked:

Nota - Posizione 196

MATRIOSKA

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 200

Reality may thus contain many levels.

Nota - Posizione 200

Cccccccccccc

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 205

In some ways, the posthumans running a simulation are like gods in relation to the people inhabiting the simulation:

Nota - Posizione 206

ANALOGIA RELIGIOSA

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 206

they are of superior intelligence; they are “omnipotent”

Nota - Posizione 207

CcccccccccccNOTA CHE IL DIO DI BASE RIMARREBBE...SEBBENE CON L INTERCAPEDINE DI MOLTI SEMIDEI DI CUI NOI SIAMO LA SIMULAZIONE

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 210

climax in a naturalistic theogony

Nota - Posizione 210

TEOGONIA...METAFISICA NATURALISTA

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 212

the possibility that their actions will be rewarded or punished, based perhaps on moral criteria, by their simulators.

Nota - Posizione 213

PUNIZIONI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 213

An afterlife would be a real possibility.

Nota - Posizione 213

PASSAGGIO DI LIVELLO...SPECIE DI REINCARNAZIONE...

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 217

the possibility of more selective simulations that include only a small group of humans or a single individual. The rest of humanity would then be zombies or “shadow-people”

Nota - Posizione 218

ALTRA IPOTESI...IDEALISMO

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 219

It is not clear how much cheaper shadow-people would be

Nota - Posizione 219

PIÚ ECONOMICO

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 223

There is also the possibility of simulators abridging certain parts of the mental lives

Nota - Posizione 224

COSTRUZIONE DELLA MEMORIA...IPOTESI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 225

there is no suffering in the world and all memories of suffering are illusions.

Nota - Posizione 226

IL PROB DEL MALE RISOLTO

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 228

implications are not all that radical.

Nota - Posizione 228

IMPLICAZIONI NN RADICALI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 228

empirical study of the universe we see.

Nota - Posizione 229

REALTÀ STUDIATA....STESSI EFFETTI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 230

the truth of (3) should have no tendency to make us “go crazy” or to prevent us from going about our business and making plans and predictions for tomorrow.

Nota - Posizione 231

NULLA CAMBIA

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 234

If we learn more about posthuman motivations and resource constraints, maybe as a result of developing towards becoming posthumans ourselves,

Nota - Posizione 235

ALLORA QUALCHE CONSEG POTREBBE ESSERCI

Evidenzia ( giallo) - Posizione 236

VII. CONCLUSION

Nota - Posizione 236

Ttttttytttt

Segnalibro - Posizione 243

STIAMO VIVENDO IN UNA SIMULAZIONE?

Riccardo Mariani

21 min · 

STIAMO VIVENDO IN UNA SIMULAZIONE?

A quanto pare è molto probabile, basta accettare queste tre ipotesi non particolarmente forzate.

IPOTESI 1: nell'universo le civiltà progrediscono senza collassare necessariamente prima di raggiungere la capacità di creare realtà virtuali molto sofisticate (simulazioni).

IPOTESI 2: le civiltà nell’universo in grado di creare simulazioni in genere sono anche interessate a farlo.

IPOTESI 3: in presenza di simulazioni i soggetti “creatori” di simulazioni saranno meno numerosi dei soggetti “creati” nella simulazione.

ERGO: molto probabilmente stiamo vivendo in una simulazione.

SIMULATION-ARGUMENT.COM

Are You Living in a Simulation?

The original paper that introduced the simulation argument

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MENTI SCONVOLTE

Riccardo Mariani

Adesso · 

MENTI SCONVOLTE

Le droghe psichedeliche sconvolgono la mente senza intossicare il cervello. Ora, sconvolgere una mente lucida forse non è bello ma sconvolgere una mente sconvolta a volte puo' essere benefico, addirittura terapeutico.

VOX.COM

Why psychedelic drugs could transform how we treat depression and mental illness

A conversation with author Michael Pollan on becoming a "reluctant psychonaut."

IL FUTURO DELL’UOMO MEDIO

Riccardo Mariani

2 min · 

IL FUTURO DELL’UOMO MEDIO

Reddito minimo garantito + Droghe psichedeliche.

Il reddito minimo garantito fornisce un minimo vitale anche in assenza di qualsiasi attività produttiva.

La droga psichedelica (es. LSD), senza creare dipendenza o danni al fisico, garantisce giornate sempre diverse e stimolanti, libera dallo squallore di una vita “al minimo”, dalla depressione e dalle paranoie.

AMAZON.IT

How to Change Your Mind: The New Science of Psychedelics

The No.1 New York Times Bestseller'Gripping and surprising ... Pollan makes losing your mind sound like the sanest thing a person could do' The New York Times Book ReviewCould psychedelic drugs change our worldview? One of America's most admired writers takes us on a mind-altering journey to the ...

Quanto conta la materia? SAGGIO

Future Imperfect di DAVID D. FRIEDMAN - realtà virtuale - TWENTY All in Your Mind

***

ESSERE O ESSERE PERCEPITI? QUESTO E’ IL PROBLEMA

***

what I see is not what is in front of me but what they draw... The image from my video camera is processed by my computer before being sent on to everyone in my audience. That gives me an opportunity to improve it a little first, to replace my bathrobe with a suit and tie, give me a badly needed shave, remove a decade or so of aging.

LA REALTA’ VIRTUALE NON E’ COSI’ DISTANTE. CONSIDERA LA VDEOCONFERENZA. MAGARI UNA VIDEOCONFERENZA “RITOCCATA”

Video games are our most familiar form of virtual reality.

LA FORMA PIU’ FAMILIARE DI REALTA’ VIRTUALE

However good our screens, this sort of virtual reality suffers from a serious limitation: It only fools two senses... Want to hear things? Vibrate air in the ear. Want to see things? Beam photons at the retina. Applying that approach to the remaining senses is harder.

MA INGANNARE DUE SENSI NON BASTA

***

UNA REALTA’ VIRTUALE ANCORA PRIMITIVA

We all, automatically and routinely, judge the people around us not only by what they say but by how they say it - tone of voice, facial expression, gestures.

UN OSTACOLO ALL’AFFERMAZIONE DELLA REALTA’ VIRTUALE: IL GIUDIZIO E I SEGNALI

con men. They are people who, through talent or training, have mastered the ability to divorce what they are actually... on the Internet nobody knows you are a dog. Or a woman. Or a twelve year old. Or crippled. In virtual reality, once we have the real-time editing software worked out properly, you can be anything you can imagine... Giochi di gruppo: Have participants write and post physical descriptions of other participants they had never met. I gained almost nine inches. In virtual reality I never have to be short again.

NELLA REALTA’ VIRTUALE PUOI ESSERE CHI VUOI (O QUASI). CONSEGUENZE.

***

MENS SANA IN CORPORE SANO

My Contribution to Corpore Sano

One objection to video games is that they remove one of the few incentives modern people have to exercise.

VIEDOGIOCHI E VITA SEDENTARIA

If what you want is exercise, the obvious solution is bigger joysticks... you only notice how tired you are after you have won or lost.

RIMEDIO: JOYSTICK GIGANTI

Altra funzione videogiochi. to do dangerous things while only getting virtually killed... Mariana trench... the lunar case,

ALTRA CRITICA AI VIDEOGIOCHI: CI ABITUANO ALLA VIOLENZA E AD AZIONI ESTREME. MA FORSE LA VIOLENZA VIRTUALE SPIAZZA QUELLA REALE. ESEMPIO: LA PORNOGRAFIA RIDUCE GLI STUPRI?

***

Suppose we succeed in cracking the dreaming problem, figuring out enough about how the brain works so that we too can create full sense illusions.

FUTURO: SOGNO E REALTA’ INDISTINGUIBILI

a useful first step is to distinguish between information transactions and material transactions. The book is a physical object. But reading an illusion of a book, with the same words on the virtual pages, would do just as well... For a material transaction, consider growing wheat.

DISTINGUERE: INFO E OGGETTI

A sufficiently advanced form of virtual reality can provide for all information transactions. It might assist with some material transactions; the wheat harvester could be run by an operator located somewhere else, giving real instructions to a real machine.

EFFETTO DELLA REALTA’ VIRTUALE: TUTTO DOVENTA INFO

***

Cosa conta? Why do I want to visit my friends? To see them, to feel them, to hear them, to do things with them. Unless one of the things is building a house or planting a garden that really has to be built or planted, the whole visit is an information transaction... consider a phone call.

PERCHE’ UN AMICO IN CARNE ED OSSA E’ DIVERSO DA UN AMICO VIRTUALE?

Fantasia depauperata? My daughter has so far refused to see the movie version of The Fellowship of the Ring because she prefers the product of her imagination to the product of the director's imagination.

LA REALTA’ VIRTUALE DEPAUPERA LA FANTASIA?

Consider in contrast a symphony. It corresponds to nothing in nature. The composer has taken one sense, hearing, and used it to create an aesthetic experience

LA MUSICA ESALTA IL POTERE DELLA FANTASIA. IN QUESTO SENSO E’ L’ANTIREALTA’ VIRTUALE

***

FANTASIA: SOSTITUTO O COMPLEMENTO DELLA REALTA’ VIRTUALE?

Su WW non c'è distinzione tra sessi, la violenza è anche sulle donne. That raises an obvious question: Having routinely punched out virtual females online, will he be more willing to punch out real females in the real world?

ANCORA SUGLI EFFETTI DELLA VIOLENZA VIRTUALE

George Orwell, writing more than sixty years ago, worried about the corrupting effect on readers of the routine brutality of American crime fiction... Later writers worried about the effect of television. The latest concern is the effect of Internet porn… Is virtual sex and violence a complement to or a substitute for real sex and violence?

GEORGE ORWELL PESSIMISTA

Tod Kendall.' Correlate growth of access to the Internet, by state, with changes in the frequency of rape. It turned out that the correlation was negative

UN’OPINIONE INFORMATA PIU’ OTTIMISTA: TODD KENDALL

***

MA COSA CONTA DAVVERO ALLA FIN FINE?

Mondo materiale. Stuff must be produced for real, but human beings do not need much stuff to stay alive. To check that for food, price the cheapest bulk flour, oil, and lentils you can find. Calculate how much 2,000 calories a day of each of them would cost... Viewed in realspace, it is not much of a world. Everyone is eating the cheapest food that will keep a human body in good condition, living in the human equivalent of coin-operated airport storage, exercising by moving against resistance machines, perhaps as part of virtual reality games...

LA MATERIA E’ DAVVERO IMPORTANTE PER NOI?

Mondo virtuale. All women are beautiful, and enough are willing. All men are handsome. Everyone lives in a mansion that he can redecorate at will, gold-plated if he so desires.'

PERCHE’ RIGETTARE UNA FANTASIA MERAVIGLIOSA?

Which is true - slum or paradise? It depends on what matters. If all that matters is sensation, what you perceive, it is a paradise

COSA CONTA: QUEL CHE E’ O QUEL CHE PERCEPISCI?

As evidence against, consider a very old form of virtual sex: masturbation. tion. In your mind you can be making love to the woman of your dreams, at least if you have a good enough imagination.

TRISTEZZA DELLA MASTURBAZIONE 

Having someone read a book I wrote, enjoy and be persuaded by my ideas, pleases me... But what about only thinking someone read my book?

ESSERE O ESSERE PERCEPITO

Robert Nozick, in Anarchy, State, and Utopia, put the question in terms of an imaginary experience machine, his version of VR.'

IL PIU’ FAMOSO ESPERIMENTO MENTALE IN MERITO. FATELO E DECIDETE PER VOI.

Future Imperfect SUNTO di DAVID D. FRIEDMAN - realtà virtuale 20

Future Imperfect di DAVID D. FRIEDMAN - realtà virtuale - TWENTY All in Your Mind

• Videonferenza. what I see is not what is in front of me but what they draw... The image from my video camera is processed by my computer before being sent on to everyone in my audience. That gives me an opportunity to improve it a little first, to replace my bathrobe with a suit and tie, give me a badly needed shave, remove a decade or so of aging.
• Video games are our most familiar form of virtual reality.
• However good our screens, this sort of virtual reality suffers from a serious limitation: It only fools two senses... Want to hear things? Vibrate air in the ear. Want to see things? Beam photons at the retina. Applying that approach to the remaining senses is harder.
• TODAY AND TOMORROW: THE WORLD OF PRIMITIVE VR
• Ostacoli alla VR. We all, automatically and routinely, judge the people around us not only by what they say but by how they say it - tone of voice, facial expression, gestures.
• con men. They are people who, through talent or training, have mastered the ability to divorce what they are actually... on the Internet nobody knows you are a dog. Or a woman. Or a twelve year old. Or crippled. In virtual reality, once we have the real-time editing software worked out properly, you can be anything you can imagine... Giochi di gruppo: Have participants write and post physical descriptions of other participants they had never met. I gained almost nine inches. In virtual reality I never have to be short again.
• My Contribution to Corpore Sano
• One objection to video games is that they remove one of the few incentives modern people have to exercise.
• If what you want is exercise, the obvious solution is bigger joysticks... you only notice how tired you are after you have won or lost.
• Dance Dance Revolution, already exist.'
• Altra funzione videogiochi. to do dangerous things while only getting virtually killed... Mariana trench... the lunar case,
• DEEP VR - BEYOND THE DREAMING PROBLEM
• Suppose we succeed in cracking the dreaming problem, figuring out enough about how the brain works so that we too can create full sense illusions.
• a useful first step is to distinguish between information transactions and material transactions.
• The book is a physical object. But reading an illusion of a book, with the same words on the virtual pages, would do just as well... For a material transaction, consider growing wheat.
• A sufficiently advanced form of virtual reality can provide for all information transactions. It might assist with some material transactions; the wheat harvester could be run by an operator located somewhere else, giving real instructions to a real machine.
• Beam Me Up, Scotty
• Cosa conta? Why do I want to visit my friends? To see them, to feel them, to hear them, to do things with them. Unless one of the things is building a house or planting a garden that really has to be built or planted, the whole visit is an information transaction... consider a phone call.
• Future Fiction
• Fantasia depauperata? My daughter has so far refused to see the movie version of The Fellowship of the Ring because she prefers the product of her imagination to the product of the director's imagination.
• Consider in contrast a symphony. It corresponds to nothing in nature. The composer has taken one sense, hearing, and used it to create an aesthetic experience
• Fantasy: Substitute or Complement
• Su WW nn c'è distinzione tra sessi, la violenza è anche sulle donne. That raises an obvious question: Having routinely punched out virtual females online, will he be more willing to punch out real females in the real world?
• George Orwell, writing more than sixty years ago, worried about the corrupting effect on readers of the routine brutality of American crime fiction... Later writers worried about the effect of television. The latest concern is the effect of Internet porn.
• Is virtual sex and violence a complement to or a substitute for real sex and violence?
• Tod Kendall.' Correlate growth of access to the Internet, by state, with changes in the frequency of rape. It turned out that the correlation was negative;
• What Matters
• Mondo materiale. Stuff must be produced for real, but human beings do not need much stuff to stay alive. To check that for food, price the cheapest bulk flour, oil, and lentils you can find. Calculate how much 2,000 calories a day of each of them would cost... Viewed in realspace, it is not much of a world. Everyone is eating the cheapest food that will keep a human body in good condition, living in the human equivalent of coin-operated airport storage, exercising by moving against resistance machines, perhaps as part of virtual reality games...
• Mondo virtuale. All women are beautiful, and enough are willing. All men are handsome. Everyone lives in a mansion that he can redecorate at will, gold-plated if he so desires.'
• Which is true - slum or paradise? It depends on what matters. If all that matters is sensation, what you perceive, it is a paradise,
• As evidence against, consider a very old form of virtual sex: masturbation. tion. In your mind you can be making love to the woman of your dreams, at least if you have a good enough imagination.
• Having someone read a book I wrote, enjoy and be persuaded by my ideas, pleases me... But what about only thinking someone read my book?
• Robert Nozick, in Anarchy, State, and Utopia, put the question in terms of an imaginary experience machine, his version of VR.'
• You will have to decide for yourself.

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