RESUREZIONISTI

RESUREZIONISTI

Ami la natura? Ti piacciono gli animali? Vuoi proteggerli? La buodiversità per te è importante?

Sì? Bravo!! Potrei definirti genericamente un “naturalista”, ma è proprio a questo punto che devi operare la tua vera scelta di campo: o stai col “parco” o stai con lo “zoo”. Tradotto: o stai con i “preservazionisti” (P) o stai con i “resurezionisti” (R ).

Per capirci, vediamo P e R alle prese con il classico problema dei naturalisti: che fare davanti alla possibile estinzione della specie X?

P di solito si batte per salvaguardare gli ultimi esemplari, magari conservando il loro habitat naturale. R lascia X al suo destino compensando la probabile perdita con l’invenzione di nuove specie.

Ma come si inventano nuove specie di animali? Ci sono vari modi, ne cito solo due: 1) si sposta una specie da un continente all’altro facilitando incroci naturali e nuove storie faunistiche, 2) si fanno incroci in laboratorio, oggi anche utilizzando le nuove tecniche di manipolazione del DNA. Per “R” 2morto un papa se ne fa un altro…”.

Cosa caratterizza R rispetto al più tradizionale P? Essenzialmente: 1) pensa che l’uomo faccia parte della natura e non concepisce la distinzione naturale/artificiale e 2) pensa che il maggior baluardo nella difesa della natura sia il cambiamento, lo deduce osservando la natura stessa.

15 dopo il nostro funerale - The Evolution of the Soul by Richard Swinburne

15 dopo il nostro funerale - The Evolution of the Soul by Richard Swinburne - corpo nuovoocorpovecchio? animasenzacorpo? unsonnonellattesa? cervelliriattivati quantocervellociserveperesserenoi? karmaparapsicologiaeriattivazione necessitàdellaresurrezione

15.Read more at location 3907

Note: 15@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit

Can this complex evolved human soul survive on its own apart from the body which sustains it?Read more at location 3910

Note: ANIMA SENZA CORPO? Edit

I considered in Chapter 10 what it is for a man or his soul to exist unconscious,Read more at location 3912

Note: STATO D INCOSCIENZA Edit

The definition which I suggested was that a soul exists if normal bodily processes or available artificial techniques can bring the man to be conscious,Read more at location 3913

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When the body dies and the brain ceases to function, the evidence of the kind considered in Chapter 10 suggests that the soul will cease to function also.Read more at location 3914

Note: MORTE Edit

However, there are arguments and evidence of less usual kinds which purport to show that things are different after death from what they are before birth. Read more at location 3917

Note: ASIMMETRIA PRE VITA POST MORTE Edit

we must consider the question of whether, after death, the brain which ceases to function at death can be made to function againRead more at location 3918

Note: LA RIATTIVAZIONE DEL CERVELLO Edit

Can the Brain be Reactivated? Read more at location 3920

Note: 151@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit

we do not know how much of the brain that was yours has to be reassembled and within what time interval in order that we may have your brain and so your soul function again.Read more at location 3920

Note: BOH Edit

Suppose you die of a brain haemorrhage which today's doctors cannot cure, but your relatives take your corpse and put it straight into a very deep freeze in California. Fifty years later your descendents take it out of the freeze; medical technology has improved and the doctors are able quickly to mend your brain, and your body is then warmed up. The body becomes what is clearly the body of a living person, and one with your apparent memory and character. Is it you?Read more at location 3924

Note: IBERNAZIONE Edit

the satisfaction of the criterion of apparent memory (together with the-at any rate partial-satisfaction of the criterion of brain continuity) would suggest that we ought to say 'Yes'.Read more at location 3927

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But what if the brain is cut up into a million pieces and then frozen?Read more at location 3928

Note: MILIONI DI PEZZI Edit

But how many of the original atoms do we need in the original locations?Read more at location 3931

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But it remains unclear and indeed insoluble exactly how much of the original brain is needed to provide satisfaction of the brain criterion.Read more at location 3933

Note: IL QUANTO Edit

thinkers of the early Christian centuries and of the Middle Ages. They considered the imaginary case of the cannibal who eats nothing but human flesh. Given that both the cannibal and his victims are to be brought to life in the General Resurrection, to whom will be flesh of the cannibal belong?Read more at location 3936

Note: IL CSSO DEL CANNIBALE CHE MANGIA SOLO CARNE UMANA Edit

Aquinas' begins his answer by saying that `if something was materially present in many men, it will rise in him to whose perfection it belonged', i.e. that that part of the body which is necessary for a man being the person he is will belong to him in the General Resurrection.Read more at location 3937

Note: SOLUZIONE TOMMASO Edit

`radical seed'Read more at location 3941

Note: TERIA DEL NOCCIOLO Edit

Maybe a brain map could be constructed and a process of labelling constituent atoms devised, which would make possible a reassembly after many years.Read more at location 3951

Note: BRSIN MAP Edit

Arguments to show that the soul continues to function without the brain functioning may be divided into three groups,Read more at location 3955

Note: ARGOMENTI DELLA SOPRAVVIVENZA DELL ANIMA Edit

to show that certain men have survived death,Read more at location 3957

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Arguments of this kind may be called parapsychological arguments. Read more at location 3958

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Arguments from Parapsychology Read more at location 3958

Note: 152@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit

My conclusion on parapsychology is that it provides no good evidence that the soul continues to function without the brain to which it is currently connected, functioning. Read more at location 3997

Note: CASSATO L ARGOMENTO PARAPSICOLOGICO Edit

Arguments for Natural Survival Read more at location 3998

Note: RISVEGLI Edit

Note: 153@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit

to show from a consideration of what the soul is like when it functions normally that its nature is such that the failure of the brain to function would make no difference to the operation of the soul.Read more at location 3999

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The failure of the above arguments is, I suggest, typical of the failure of dualist arguments to show that the soul has an immortal natureRead more at location 4019

Note: DUALISMO E IMMORTALIT DELL SNIMA Edit

Is the Soul Naturally Embodied? Read more at location 4022

Note: 154@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ ANIMA IMMANENTE Edit

If it cannot be shown that the soul has a nature so as to survive death without its connected brain functioning, can it be shown that the soul has a nature such that its functioning is dependent on that of the brain with which it is connected'?Read more at location 4022

Note: SNIMA E CERVELLO CORPO UNICO Edit

The answer given in Chapter 10 is that this cannot be shown. It has not been shown and probably never can be shown that there is any naturally necessary connection of these kinds between soul and body. All we are ever likely to get is correlations-betweenRead more at location 4025

Note: NN PROVATO Edit

we have no grounds for saying that souls cannot survive the death of their brains.Read more at location 4029

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The situation is simply that the fairly direct kinds of evidence considered so far give no grounds for supposing that anyone has survived death, but we know of no reason to suppose that it is not possible for anyone to survive death.Read more at location 4031

Note: L ANIMA NN È MAI SOPRAVVISSUTA ALLA MORTE MA NN POSSIAMO PROVSRE CHE NN SIA POSSIBILE Edit

Maybe there are living persons on other planets,Read more at location 4033

Note: ANALOGIA MARZIANA Edit

but as yet no one has found them.Read more at location 4034

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Someone may argue that failure to find something when you have looked for it is evidence that it does not exist. But that is so only if you would recognize the object when you found it, and if there is a limited region within which the object can exist and you have explored quite a lot of the region. Failure to find oil in the English Channel after you have drilled in most parts of it, or to find the Abominable Snowman if you have explored most of the Himalayas, is indeed evidence that the thing does not exist. But that is hardly the case with souls whose brains have ceased to function.Read more at location 4034

Note: A CHI L ONERE DELLA PROVA? Edit

They may still function without being embodiedRead more at location 4039

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Evidence of Survival via Metaphysical Theory Read more at location 4043

Note: 154@@@@@@@@@@@@@ METAFISOCA Edit

human souls survive death as a result of their nature or as a result of the predictable action of some agent who has the power to bring them to life.Read more at location 4045

Note: TEORIA Edit

One such theory is the Hindu-Buddhist metaphysic of karma,Read more at location 4046

Note: KARMA Edit

Another such theory is of course Christian theism. The theist has first to argue for the existence of God,Read more at location 4049

Note: IL TEISMO PROVA L ESISTENZA DI DIO Edit

The Christian theist will need further to show that God intends to bring souls to function after death. He could show this either by showing that it was an obligation on an omnipotent being to do such a thing, and so that, being good, God would do it;Read more at location 4053

Note: LA BONTÀ DI DIO IMPLICA ETERRNITÀ DELL ANIMA Edit

if I am right in my claim that we cannot show that the soul has a nature such that it survives `under its own steam', and that we cannot show that it has a nature such that it cannot survive without its sustaining brain, the only kind of argument that can be given is an argument which goes beyond nature,Read more at location 4059

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If God did give to souls life after death in a new body or without a body, he would not in any way be violating natural laws-for, if I am right, there are no natural laws which dictate what will happen to the soul after death.Read more at location 4061

Note: OCCORROMO MIRACOLI? Edit

Note that if there does occur a general resurrection of souls with new bodies in some other world, yet with apparent memories of their past lives (or a general reincarnation on Earth with such memories), they would have grounds for reidentifying each other correctly. For then the general failure of the results of the criterion of bodily continuity to coincide with those of apparent memory would by the arguments of Chapter 9 justifiably lead us to abandon the former criterion and rely entirely on the latter.Read more at location 4069

Note: CORPO NUOVO O CONYINUITÀ DEI CORPI S. SCIEGLIE 1 X IL PROBLEMA DEL CANNIBALE. MEGLIO 2 X IL PROBLEMS DRLLE EVIDENZE Edit

The soul is like a light bulb and the brain is like an electric light socket.Read more at location 4073

Note: ANALOGIA DELLA LAMPADINA Edit

If the socket is damaged or the current turned off, the light will not shine.Read more at location 4074

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Destroy the brain or cut off the nutriment supplied by the blood, and the soul will cease to function,Read more at location 4075

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But it can be revived and made to function again by repairing or reassembling the brain-just as the light can be made to shine again by repairing the socketRead more at location 4076

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But now, my analogy breaksRead more at location 4077

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there is a practical limit to the ability of humans to repair brains;Read more at location 4078

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Humans can move light bulbs and put them into entirely different sockets.Read more at location 4078

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the task is one involving no contradiction and an omnipotent God could achieve it;Read more at location 4080

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