venerdì 9 marzo 2018

7 THE FUTURE OF THE CHART da finire

7 THE FUTURE OF THE CHART
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Radio as we know it began with the November 1920
Note:LA RADIO NEL XXI SEC

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radio was to Nazism as the printing press was to the Reformation.
Note:ADORNO

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since about 1990, the amount of time the average American
Note:UN DECLINO CHE ACCELERA

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competing technologies over the period
Note:CAUSA

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CD
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MP3
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not to disappear entirely, but to retain diminished but sizable audiences for decades.
Note:COME DECLINA UNA TECNOLOGIA OBSOLETA

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one of the most important of these alternative promotional media is television.
Note:ALTERNATIVE ALLA RADIO NELA PROMOZIONE MUSICALE

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the titan of the spring television schedule is the program American Idol,
Note:TALENT

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launching the careers
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Idol reinvigorates the sales of the weekly guest coaches,
Note:ALLIEVI E MAESTRI

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Glee. This is not only an hour-long television show depicting a high school choral club, but a reliable powerhouse of the iTunes download
Note:TELEFILM

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much more dramatic changes in the music industry came from the Internet.
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LA VERA SCOSSA

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larger war against file-sharing has proven to be like a game of whack-a-mole, as Napster was replaced by more truly decentralized architectures
Note:UNA GUERRA INFINITA

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industry reluctantly agreed to cooperate with licensed digital music services, most notably iTunes in 2003 and Amazon in 2008,
Note:LA COOPERAZ RILUTTANTE

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selling one or two singles from an album for 99 cents each instead of an entire CD for $14.99.
Note:COSA SIGNIFICAVA...PICCOLE PORZIONI

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the industry first attempts to suppress piracy and then “assimilates” it by adopting a business model closer to that of the pirated editions,
Note:SEMPRE LA SOLITA STORIA

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not grown nearly rapidly enough to replace diminished CD sales.
Note:MA NN C È UNA SOSTITUZIONE

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streaming media services have become important
Note:YT

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YouTube
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assimilation strategy with the sites Vevo and MTV.com, both of which license music videos from record labels for a share of advertising revenues.
Note:YT ASSIMILATA DALLE CASE DISCO

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online advertising.
Note:IL NUOVO BUSINESS CASE DISCO

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Pandora, and Stitcher allow a smartphone to behave like a radio receiver
Note:LA NUOVA RADIO

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innovation challenge the established business model of using broadcasting to promote the sale of recorded music,
Note:SI CAMBIA...

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7.1 General Lessons of the Book for Diffusion of Innovations
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Different types of diseases spread by different mechanisms
Note:L ANALOGIA

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Linguistics has a well-developed literature on the diffusion of vocabulary and pronunciation
Note:ALTRA ANALOGIA

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At a methodological level, advances in computing power have made it easier both to collect and to analyze data
Note:UNA FACILITAZIONE

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7.1.1 Particular Lessons for Diffusion in Pop Music Radio
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dispel some common expectations (centralized coordination within radio chains, diffusion through social networks)
Note:RISULTATI INATTESI

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(coordination by labels, the importance of genre conventions,
Note:QUEL CHE CONTA NELLA DIFFUSIONE

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we have a portrait of radio where the primary forces are genre conventions and record label promotions, with endogenous field-level dynamics having an occasional role
Note:CONCLUSIONI DELL INDAGINW... IL DOPPIO MOTORE

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social networks between stations and corporate coordination of either adds or censorship are notable for their absence
Note:SORPRESA

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7.2 Centralization and Distribution of Decision-making
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large corporations will shape their content.
Note:PREOCCUPAZIONE

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their ideas are the ruling ideas of the epoch.”
Note:MARX E IL LAVAGGIO DEL CERVELLO

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ownership of radio will squelch creativity
Note:PREOCC COLLATERALE

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Consider the example of Sony, which bought Columbia
Note:UN ESEMPIO

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avoids any interference with routine creative decisions,
Note:L OSSERVATO

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We in Tokyo don't have competence in film or music.
Note:PAROLE DEL CEO

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more routine decisions about particular songs seem to be made locally.
Note:DOBBIAMO SUONARE QS SONG NELLA NS RADIO?

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made at the station level
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radio chains are not centralizing programming
Note:TESI

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no support for the popular notion that corporate management of Clear Channel blacklisted the Dixie
Note:UN CASO DI CENSURA CONFERMA

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this book has found no evidence for corporate control of routine decisions in radio,
Note:RIPETIZIONE

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continue programming in its format or flip to a new one,
Note:UNA DECISIONE CENTRALIZZATA...IL GENERE

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In the future, both aspects of this pattern should persist
Note:LA SORTE DEI DUE TREND

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open Internet is increasingly being replaced by “walled garden” systems like Facebook
Note:LO SVILUPPO

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they inhibit competition over audience ratings and advertising.
Note:SU FACE NN VEDI LE PUBBL DI I TUNE

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Historically, “[t]he process of media evolution does not occur without substantial resistance,
Note:LA RESISTENZA ALLA DIFFUSIONE

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following its failure to establish Betamax as the standard for videotape in the 1980s, Sony became convinced that its ability to establish future technical standards depended on controlling a substantial content
Note:DA QUI L ACQUISTO DI COLUMBIA E L IMPO DI DVD E BLU RAY

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vertical integration with content
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vertical integration
Note:ALTERNATIVE

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strategic alliances
Note:SECONDA

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we are seeing a system where the core of the culture industries is dominated by large corporations in strategic alliance
Note:IL PANORAMA

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7.3 The Struggle to Control Publicity
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Cultural
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