9 How to Save the World— More Christmas Presents Won’t Work

9 How to Save the World— More Christmas Presents Won’t Work
Note:9@@@@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

searching for a cure for cancer
Note:UNA VIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

produce clean and cheap energy.
Note:UN ALTRA

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

We want to give.
Note:QUASI UN ISTINTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

economists are narrow and selfish.
Note:CREDENZA...L ECONOMIA CI CORROMPE

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

gross domestic product,
Note:CONCETTI CON CATTIVA REPUTAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

“maximize utility”

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

profit.”

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

Joel Waldfogel—
Note:SE L È PRESA COL NATALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

“deadweight loss” resulting from Christmas gifts.
Note:COS HA MISURATO

Yellow highlight | Page: 185

economy loses about $4 billion
Note:OGNI NATALE USA

Yellow highlight | Page: 186

individuals who had studied economics behaved more selfishly
Note:SECONDO GLI ESPERIMENTI DI ROBERT FRANK

Yellow highlight | Page: 186

a given student, after studying economics, played more selfishly than before.

Note | Page: 186

COME SE NN BASTASSE

Yellow highlight | Page: 186

D.H. Robertson asked in 1954 “What Does the Economist Economize?”
Note:RISPOSTA...L AMORE...CARICATURA DELL ECO

Yellow highlight | Page: 186

It is easier to study selfish behavior
Note:FACILE DA MODELLARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 187

How might our Inner Economist help us be better altruists?
Note:DOMANDA

Yellow highlight | Page: 187

ask what is truly scarce.
Note:PRIMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 187

doing the world good versus feeling better about ourselves.
Note:OPPOSIZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 187

Here was extreme poverty on a scale of the many millions. And unlike in most of Africa, the crowding was extreme.
Note:INDIA 2004

Yellow highlight | Page: 187

air was a mix of smells
Note:CARBONE MERDA E IMMONDIZIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 187

people were living on the streets.
Note:STRADE STRACOLME

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

Bengal has had socialist and communist governments for a long time,
Note:CALCUTTA...LA PARTE PIÙ POVERA

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

better developed “culture of begging,”
Note:CALCUTTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

original capital of the British Empire
Note:MOTIVO

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

Cripples lay on the sidewalk, waving their stumps for sympathy.
Note:SPETTACOLO AVVILENTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

Mothers approach with small babies wrapped
Note:ALTRO SPETTACOLO

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

But should we give beggars money?
Note:SE N DAI SEI SENZA CUORE

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

For less than a dollar they can eat for a few days;
Note:DA TENER PRESENTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

many religious prophets have recommended charity.
Note:LA RELIGIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 188

“it only encourages them to beg.”
Note:LE GUIDE TURISTICHE TI DISSUADONO

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

They worked pretty hard, relative to what they received.
Note:IL LAVORO DEL QUESTUANTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

defend that space
Note:MISSIONE PERICOLOSA

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

learn some English,
Note:ALTRO COSTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

chase stopped cabs,
Note:TERZO

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

becoming a beggar keeps many people from living in a more salubrious part of town,
Note:QUARTO COSTO OPPORTUNITÀ

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

many Indian beggars cut off their limbs or induce gangrene
Note:ALTRO COSTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

Three surgeons were filmed agreeing
Note:INCHIESTA CON FINTI MENDICANTI CHE CHIEDONO L AMPUTAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

10,000 rupees, or $215.

Note | Page: 189

PREZZO

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

The truth is this: the more we give to beggars, the harder beggars will try.
Note:SE L ELEMSINA RENDE...CONSIGLIO: EVITA DI DARE...NON XCHÈ DARE INCORAGGIA LA RICHIESTA MA XCHÈ SVALUTA LA RENDITA

Yellow highlight | Page: 189

“rent exhaustion,” which limits the net value created by the donation.
Note:IL NOSTRO DOLLARO VALE FORSE 10 CENT

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

people will flow into the begging trade
Note:NUOVE RECLUTE E MARGINI PIÙ RISYRETTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

This brings the return to begging back down.
Note:IL RISCHIO DI DARE...ORA SOLLIEVO DOMANI ANCORA PEGGIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

we should give our money to the needy who are not trying very hard.
Note:DARE A CHI NN SE L ASPETTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

“relatively inelastic factors”;
Note:IN GERGO

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

This usually rules out beggars, who are looking for a buck
Note:DARE A CHI NN CERCA

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

pick the poor person who is expecting it least.

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

Give to Bengalis who are sleeping,
Note:ES.

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

It is quite easy to find a Bengali sleeping under a piece of cardboard.
Note:Cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

give to those who do not ask.

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

It requires us to be proactive.
Note:IL PROBLEMA...

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

And when the beggars do ask, we end up saying no.
Note:INOLTRE

Yellow highlight | Page: 190

we might need to spread around our giving.
Note:ESIGENZA...SW TUTTI DESSIMO A CHI DORME NN SAREBBE PIÙ UNA SORPRESA

Yellow highlight | Page: 191

If we want to give money to the competent, we should seek out a Bengali running a sweets shop.
Note:PREMIARE I MERITEVOLI....CHI CON POCHI MEZZI HA FATTO QLCS DI BUONO

Yellow highlight | Page: 191

solicitation for funds might make us aware that a problem exists
Note:LA FUNZIONE DEL CHIEDERE

Yellow highlight | Page: 191

pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency
Note:MALATTIE RARE E SCONOSCIUTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 192

we must keep our interest in the problem of poverty from slipping away, and yes that means we need to feel good
Note:IL POSITIVO DEL SENTIRSI BENE

Yellow highlight | Page: 192

When should we give to such pleas?
Note:TORNIAMO A BOMBA

Yellow highlight | Page: 192

give to causes that we will become attached to.
Note:UNA BUONA REGOLA

Yellow highlight | Page: 192

bad charities are not the foremost problem.
Note:INFATTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 192

Over time most people lose interest in charitable causes.
Note:PURTROPPO

Yellow highlight | Page: 193

stop ourselves from becoming indifferent
Note:IL VERO NEMICO DA COMBATTERE

Yellow highlight | Page: 193

the relevant scarcity is people who really care.
Note:COSA MANCA?…LA DOMANDA DELL ECONOMISTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 193

Christmas cards, letters of praise, and special plaques.
Note:TRUCCHETTI...MA CHE RENDONO IL MONDO MIGLIORE

Yellow highlight | Page: 193

Loyalty to our causes makes charities more financially effective.
Note:IL DONATORE PIÙ PREZIOSO É QUELLO SU CUI SI PUÒ CONTARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 193

“house file.”
Note:ZOCCOLO DURO

Yellow highlight | Page: 193

a 1 percent response rate is considered a success
Note:LA RISPOSTA ALLE CAMPAGNE...IL DONATORE RESTA SCARSO

Yellow highlight | Page: 194

Why spend a dollar to get thirty or fifty cents? The answer is simple: the charity is investing in developing its house file.
Note:CONTATTARE HA UN RITORNO NEGATIVO...PERCHÈ?...DIPENDENZA E CONTAGIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 194

we should tell them not to rent out our name and address to other mailers.
Note:UN MODO X FARE DEL BENE...IO SONO CONVERTITO PROVA COL MIO AMICO

Yellow highlight | Page: 194

“Remove the name” requests save charities thousands of dollars
Note:Cccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 195

this entire procedure assumes that we’ve already found the causes we love and support.
Note:OVVIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 195

connecting donors
Note:LA VOSTRA OPERA

Yellow highlight | Page: 195

cheaper for the donor to look for the charity.
Note:CHE IL CONTRARIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 196

we should go to them rather than making them look for us.
Note:X RISPARMIARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 196

If we give only a small sum to a charity, and our name continues to be rented out, we are making charities in general worse off.
Note:INOLTRE

Yellow highlight | Page: 196

Don’t let your address get onto those rented mailing lists.
Note:SE DAI POCO CANCELLATI...FARAI RISPARMIATE TUTTI...CANCELLARSI DALLE ONLUS A CUI NN SI DÀ È UNA FORMA DI ALTRUISMO...NN METTERE NELLA SPAM...PRENDITI PLA BRIGA

Yellow highlight | Page: 196

Don’t send a check through the mail at all.
Note:ALTERNATIVA...SUBOTTIMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 196

we can subvert the nonprofits we do not like.
Note:ALTRA STRATEGIA...COMBATTERE CONTRO LA CAUSE MALVAGE...PETA...ECOLOGISMO...CAUSE POLITICIZZATE

Yellow highlight | Page: 196

Choose one nonprofit you do not like and send them twenty bucks.
Note:INVERTIRE I SUGGERIMENTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

Everyone was giving.
Note:Ttttttttttt IL CASO DELLO TSUNAMI

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

celebrity concert

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

Michael Schumacher led the way
Note:7 MILIONI

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

Upon reflection the case for giving is not obvious.
Note:MA...M

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

The stories of the victims are heart-rending, but extreme misery is not new to the world.
Note:L IMPATTO EMOTIVO CI FREGA MA CHI STA MALE NN MANCA

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

send our money to Calcutta or to Haiti
Note:XCHÈ NN L ABBIAMO FATTO?

Yellow highlight | Page: 197

the suffering of the country receives less publicity.
Note:HAITI

Yellow highlight | Page: 198

Much of the tsunami aid was squandered or could not find appropriate mechanisms of support.
Note:NXONVENIENTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 198

Katrina aid was lost due to corruption and mismanagement.
Note:ALTRO CASO

Yellow highlight | Page: 198

9/11 aid
Note:ANCORA

Yellow highlight | Page: 198

Concentrated aid is not necessarily more effective.

Note | Page: 198

IN GENERE

Yellow highlight | Page: 198

We should give to highly public causes because this motivates our peers to give more to those same causes.
Note:PRO TSU...IN FONDO L ALTRUISMO RESTA SCARSO

Yellow highlight | Page: 198

infant mortality rate for Angola;
Note:DIMENTICATI

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

few of us cry when we read this fact.
Note:Ccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

Reports on the Holocaust, during World War II, could be found in many U.S. newspapers, but they did not make the headlines
Note:LA STRANA DINAMICA DEL DISPIACERE...LA NS NATURA DEL DISPIACERE...TTTTTTTTT

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

Yet we are mortified if we spill a drink on someone’s dress at a cocktail party
Note:Ccccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

take this facet of human nature and turn it to the advantage
Note:SFRUTTIAMO LA NS NATURA

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

Interest in the tragedy snowballs,
Note:L INYERESSE È UNA VALANGA

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

There is a “Cause of the Month.”

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

Many of us care about being linked

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

support the trend.
Note:UN DOVERE SPECIE ALL INIZIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

Bigger snowballs are more likely to gather

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

Malcolm Gladwell wrote of the “tipping point,”
Note:TIPPING

Yellow highlight | Page: 199

a chance to leverage

Yellow highlight | Page: 200

cause-of-the-month effect drives extra giving.
Note:NON È STUPIDO ADERIRVI...RICORDA CHE LA RISORSA SCATSA È IL DONATORE

Yellow highlight | Page: 200

which victims are the most deserving.
Note:APPROCCIO ALTERNATIVO

Yellow highlight | Page: 200

ignores the scarcity of true altruism.
Note:DIFETTO DELL ALTRUISMO RAZIONALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 200

asks about the proper extent of giving,
Note:Tttttttttt ALTRA DOMANDA DELL ECONOMSTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 201

If we give all our charity to the Cause of the Month, we will cut loose from our addictions to regular charitable causes.
Note:IL RISCHIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 201

we are, for better or worse, creatures of habit.
Note:UN GRAVE DANNO

Yellow highlight | Page: 201

We should not lose our connections

Yellow highlight | Page: 201

get addicted to your favorite causes, but also get addicted to the idea of chasing the Cause of The Month.
Note:DIMEZZARE LE DONAZIONI MA NN RINUNCIARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 201

The book and the movie City of Joy focused on the poor in Calcutta, but that Cause of the Month is over,
Note:CALCUTTA CAUDA DEL MESE

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

John A. List, an economist at the University of Chicago,
Note:NEL DUBBIO MISURA

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

donors are irrational in their giving,
Note:PRIMO RISCONTRO

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

donors do not respond to opportunities to receive something for nothing.
Note:NON VALE LA LEGGE DELLA DOMANDA...SE FAR DEP BENE DIVENTA PIÙ ECONOMICO NN AGIAMO DI CONSEG

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

If the price of helping other people falls, donors do not always give more.
Note:Cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

donors could also give less
Note:ADDIRITTURA

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

Donor behavior exhibits a remarkable “stickiness
Note:IN GENERE

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

First, donors do not calculate very well. Second, donors do not care much about the people
Note:DUE POSSIBILITÀ

Yellow highlight | Page: 202

a “matching pledge”—if you give a dollar some other donor pledges to give a dollar more—
Note:ESPERIMENTI CON UNA TECNICA DI DONO ALL ASTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

our altruistic instincts appear to be unmoved by the prospect of larger and more potent matching grants.
Note:ESITO IRRAZIONALE...DONO SEMPRE QIELLO ANCHE QUANDO LA CONVENIENZA A RAGGIUNGERE L OBBIETTIVO AUMENTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

giving is often about affiliation rather than helping
Note:CONCLUSIONE...L APPARTENENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

part of big and successful organizations.
Note:QUEL CHE VOGLIAMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

winning sports teams,
Note:TIFARE JUVE

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

work for successful companies,
Note:DIPENDENTI GOOGLE

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

support the best and most influential charities.
Note:E INFINE

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

undertaking a joint project with successful people or institutions.
Note:CI PIACE DA MORIRE

Yellow highlight | Page: 203

But a more potent match does not constitute a greater lure to give more.
Note:IL LATO OSCURO DI LIST

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

have the status
Note:IL FOCUS

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

“Seed money”
Note:Tttttttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

lining up major grants in advance, before announcing a “capital campaign”
Note:DI COSA PARLIAMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

shows that prestigious and wealthy donors are already committed
Note:A CHE SERVE

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

raising seed money from 10 to 67 percent leads to a nearly sixfold increase
Note:LIST...FUNZIONA DI BRUTTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

Charitable “refunds”
Note:Tttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

boosted giving by only about 20 percent;
Note:POCO

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

A refund means that if the charity does not reach its specified goal, donors get their money back.
Note:DI COSA PARLIAMO...L NDIZIO SI IRROBUSTISCE

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

a charity signal that it may be financially weaker,
Note:INTERPRETAZIONE DEL RIMBORSO

Yellow highlight | Page: 204

a door-to-door fund-raising experiment across nearly 5,000 households.
Note:ALTRO ESPERIMENTO DI LIST

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

selling lottery tickets)
Note:IL METODO MIGLIIRE

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

(just asking for money).
Note:IL PEGGIORE

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

increased the attractiveness of the woman who, on a door-to-door basis, asked
Note:SPERIMENTATO UN TRUCCHETTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

as big a positive impact on giving as moving from the least successful

Note | Page: 205

FUNZIONAAAAAAA!!!!

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

not very focused on the final effects
Note:ALTRO INDIZIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

many charities spend too much money on executive salaries,
Note:Tttttttty IN GENERALE È VERO

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

But these same mechanisms do not always keep bad charities in check.
Note:EPPURE SI SORVOLA....ALTRO INDIZIO..AFFILIARSI A CHI MOSTRA POTENZA CI PIACE

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

insist on measurable results.
Note:ALTRA COSA CHE NN SI FA

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

dismiss any unfavorable information
Note:IL DONATORE CATTIRATO

Yellow highlight | Page: 205

When our pride is at stake, we often don’t look too closely
Note:COSA CPNTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

What about giving money to a church?
Note:Ttttttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

receive 40 to 60 percent
Note:QUANTO RICEVE IN USA

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

most of these donations keep churches going rather than finding their way to the poor.
Note:UTILIZZO

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

if you want to help the poor
Note:LA RISPOSTA DIPENDE DALL OBBIETTIVO

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

switch so that your new church has a poorer congregation.
Note:SECOND BEST

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

buy “fair trade” coffee.
Note:TTTTTT LA TENDENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

the workers are treated better
Note:PROMESSA SUL SOVRAPPREZZO

Yellow highlight | Page: 206

How about a product called “exploitation coffee”? You pay less, and they promise to treat the workers especially poorly.
Note:PENSATE A UN PRODOTTO ALTERNATIVO CHE AIUTA I VERAMENTE POVERI

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

A more neutral phrase would be neither “fair trade” nor “exploitation coffee,” but rather, “quality differentiation.”
Note:UNA QUESTIONE DI PAROLE

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

two classes of coffee (and workers),
Note:QUEL CHE FACIAMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

Splitting up the market

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

good for the workers at the higher end,
Note:UN DANNO X GLI ULTIMI

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

Nicholas Kristof,
Note:Ttttttt UNA NUOVA IDEA

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

buy and free two slaves.
Note:IN CAMBOGIA...MA ANCHE IN SUDAN

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

$150
Note:IL COSTO PRO CAPITE

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

if we buy out slaves, we bid up the price of slaves.
Note:L INCONVENIENTE...PIÙ SCHIAVI

Yellow highlight | Page: 207

(Handgun purchase plans,
Note:ANALOGIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 208

Tipping is a relatively wasteful means of helping

Note | Page: 208

TttttttttMANCE ########## MERCATO DEI CAMERIERI CONCORRENZIALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 208

tipping makes us feel virtuous
Note:OLTRE AL DANNO LA BEFFA

Yellow highlight | Page: 208

substitute for real benevolence
Note:Ccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 208

I put the money down on the other table. I knew the same waiter would receive it.
Note:PROVATE QS ESPERIMENTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 208

I recoiled in horror
Note:SENSO SGRADEVOLE

Yellow highlight | Page: 208

I realized I don’t care how much the waiter gets.
Note:ILLUMINAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

to relieve my mental tension.
Note:IMPELLENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

tip has some elements of extortion.
Note:IL LATO OSCURO DELLE MANCE

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

Because of cultural expectations, we know we are expected to tip.
Note:PRESSIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

our sense of ourselves as WORTHY AND GENEROUS PEOPLE WHO REWARD QUALITY.
Note:LA FUNZIONE DELLA MANCIA....USALA PURE MA AIUTA IL MONDO IN ALTRA MANIERA

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

The tips are received by people who already have jobs.
Note:DIFETTI...PRIMO PUNTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

tipping occurs in relatively wealthy countries.
Note:SECONDO

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

workers who receive tips have low current income but high prospects in life.
Note:TERZO...GIOVANI

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

marriage, kids, new puppies, lots of sex, and plenty of new movies and TV shows to watch.
Note:QUEL CHE ATTENDE LORO

Yellow highlight | Page: 209

The market for waiters is competitive,
Note:QUINTO E DEFINITIVO

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

Send the rest of the money abroad.
Note:RISPARMIA SULLE MANCE E....

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

You’ll also be saving waitresses some effort.
Note:DANDO MENO

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

what about gifts to your friends and loved ones?
Note:TttttttttttALTRA FORMA DI ALTRUISMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

Gift-giving is fun, or at least it can be. But it is not the best means of helping other
Note:DOPPIA CONCLUSIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

Joel Waldfogel,
Note:CINICO ESPERTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

Waldfogel found that people value their gifts at 83.9 percent of their cost.
Note:84

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

figure was derived from a survey,
Note:POSSIBILI BUGIE

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

true average valuation was 40
Note:PIÙ PROB

Yellow highlight | Page: 210

“deadweight loss” of gift-giving runs to at least $4 billion a year.
Note:CON L 89%

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

half of American adults admit to “regifting.”
Note:RICICLO

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

The least effective gift-givers appear to be the elderly.

Note | Page: 211

GLI SPRECONI

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

Many of the elderly don’t have any idea what interests their grandchildren.
Note:I VECCHI NN CONOSCONO I GIOVANI

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

if you are old, give cash
Note:SOLUZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

loss estimates fail to account for the time spent buying gifts,
Note:STIME MOOOOOLTO CONSERVATIVE

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

point is not to attack gift-giving, which is a marvelous institution. But it is a self-centered institution;
Note:NN SERVE AD AIUTARE...LE FUNZIONI SONO ALTRE

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

maybe you enjoyed giving her the tickets.
Note:LA XDITA VA COMPENSATA COL PIACERE DI DONARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

You received a thrill

Yellow highlight | Page: 211

Your sister gained $50 of value. You gained $100 or more of pleasure. Total gain: $150. Total cost: $100.
Note:ESEMPIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

we give out of the joy of our hearts.
Note:PERCHÈ DONIAMO?…UNO

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

Many people give just out of show.
Note:DUE

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

gifts based on hostility.
Note:CI SONO ANCHE QUELLI...ES IL LIBRONE A CHI AMA LA TV

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

we give gifts to control people.
Note:TRE

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

gift is a signal that if the other person does us favors, he or she can expect more payment in the future.
Note:DONO RELAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

Douglas Bernheim, Andrei Shleifer, and Larry Summers
Note:HANNO STUDIATO COME SI EREDITA

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

the more children called or visited their parents, the more likely they received a significant bequest.
Note:ESITO

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

Both the children and the parents are behaving selfishly
Note:COROLLARIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

Why not just give cash?
Note:ALTERNATIVA

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

give cash gifts at weddings.
Note:DI FATTO MOLTO COMUNE

Yellow highlight | Page: 212

practice of “the register”
Note:LA LISTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

standard practice for Bar Mitzvahs.

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

money helps pay for a college education.
Note:L INTENTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

if you give your sister $50 for her birthday, she will probably feel insulted.
Note:IN ALTRE OCCASIONI È ORRIBILE

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

showing we understand our loved ones.
Note:XCHÈ CONSIDERATO DI CATTIVO GUSTO?1

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

CDs cost $17.99 or so, but a wonderful CD is worth more than $100 to me.
Note:1BIS

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

pick out the right CD

Yellow highlight | Page: 213

Tom Locke went on a one-man crusade to receive as many gifts as possible
Note:TtttttttttyUN CASO PATOLOGICO

Yellow highlight | Page: 214

many people feel a need to be appreciated.

Note | Page: 214

VOGLIA DI RICEVERE

Yellow highlight | Page: 214

experiences are remembered for longer than possessions.
Note:UN CRITERIO GUODA X DONARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 214

Give concert tickets rather than a compact disc.
Note:ES

Yellow highlight | Page: 214

a trip abroad rather than money
Note:ES DUE

Yellow highlight | Page: 214

How about we lend out our money instead of giving it away?
Note:TTTT TORNIAMO AI POVERI

Yellow highlight | Page: 214

Daniel Akst, writing for Slate.com
Note:ENTUSIASTA DEL MICROCREDITO

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

set up small businesses
Note:A CHE SERVE

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

economics professor, one Muhammad Yunus,
Note:IL FONDATORE

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

Grameen Bank Project

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

Nobel Peace Prize.
Note:2006

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

mutual liability and peer pressure to ensure repayment.
Note:ANCHE SENZA GARANZIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

new small businesses feed into the local economy.
Note:XCHÈ MEGLIO DEL DONO

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

business owners develop lasting skills.
Note:DUE

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

enforces discipline and work.
Note:TRE...L ESIGENZA DI RIMBORSARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 215

keeps much of the original capital intact for continued lending.
Note:4

Yellow highlight | Page: 216

friends, relatives, or members of their kinship networks often come looking for a cut
Note:5…UN TIPICO INCONVENIENTE DEL DONO (EVITATO)

Yellow highlight | Page: 216

The result is dissolution of the funds
Note:Cccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 216

The funds end up spent rather than invested.
Note:Cccccccccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 216

Are family incomes higher? How many new businesses have been started where micro-credit is available? Has the status of women improved?
Note:I RISULTATI IN INDIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 218

Now, you can make your loan over the Internet.
Note:UN MICROCRED PIÙ VICINO A NOI

Yellow highlight | Page: 218

blogger Cornelius: I feel good. I just lent $25 to Christopher Odeke. He’s a taxi driver from Bukedea,
Note:ESEMPIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 218

I’ve signed up to Kiva.org
Note:UN SITO DEDICATO

Yellow highlight | Page: 218

Kiva means “agreement” or “unity” in Swahili.
Note:Ccccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Page: 218

Paypal.com will process your loan
ASSOCIATO A KIVA