ONE Rediscovering the Scottish Philosophers

ONE Rediscovering the Scottish Philosophers
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Exchange in Social and Economic Order
Note:Tttttttttt

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the values to which people respond
Note:UN MISTERO DATO X SCONTATO

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the moral sympathies
Note:L OGGETTO DELL ANALISI SMITHIANA

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The Theory of Moral Sentiments

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Economists are largely untouched by Smith’s first great work,
Note:LO SMITH TRASCURATO...QUELLO DEI VALORI A SPECCHIO...INCENTIVI INTERNI E SIMBOLI

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personal exchange
Note:DUE FORME DELLO SCAMBIO

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impersonal trade

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include not only commercial goods and services but also gifts,
Note:L ORIGINE DELLO SCAMBIO NEL DONO

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reciprocal favors

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sympathy includes the modern idea of “mind reading,”
Note:MIND READING

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We automatically look to the state as the guarantor against reprisal
Note:DIRITTI DI PROP...X ORGANIZZARE GLI SCAMBI

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Both social exchange and trade implicitly recognize mutual consensual rights
Note:PROP OVUNQUE

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In what sense are such rights “natural” or emergent?
Note:NATURA

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universality, spontaneity, and evolutionary fitness
Note:TRE ELEMENTI

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Reciprocity in human nature
Note:TIPICO DELL UOMO

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foundation of our uniqueness

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social exchange,

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juxtapose property rights and “human rights” as mutually exclusive phenomena.
Note:MOLTI

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right to the product of one’s own labor
Note:RADICE DELLA PROP.

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most of the income of the rich is invested in the tools and knowledge
Note:I RICCHI FANNO BENE AI POVERI...IL PROB DELLA REDISTR.

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external benefits for every consumer:

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“the very Poor Liv’d better than the Rich Before. . . .”
Note:MANDEVILLE

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finding the means of empowering and motivating the self development of the skills
Note:NO REDISTRIBUZIONE MA

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giving has been accompanied by the pride of receiving
Note:PSICOLOGIA

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Lessons from Scotland
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each individual defined and pursued his own interest
Note:LA PRESENTAZIONE BANALE DI SMITH

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“individualism”

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mischaracterized by the metaphor of the selfish “economic man”
Note:VA PERSO IL MISTO EGO SOC

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To do good for others does not require deliberate action to further the perceived interest of others.
Note:LA REALE TESI SCOZZESE BENE E INTERESSIL APE È UN ANIMALE SOC X' PERSEGUE GLI INTERESSI DELKA SOCL UOMO È ANIMALE SOC XCHÈ PERSEGUE I SUOI INTERESSI

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there was incredible insight in Mandeville,
Note:ANCHE SE LA SOCIALITÀ È PIÙ RICCA

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unintended good

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Mandeville greater poetic license.

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requires, justifies, and promotes selfish behavior.
Note:L ECON SECONDO MOLTI

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confuse necessary with sufficient conditions?
Note:LE PERSONE...L UOMO È NECESSARIAMENTE EGO.... NON DEVE ESSERE EGO

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ideology of honesty5 means that people play the game of “trade” rather than “steal,”
Note:ONESTÁ

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There is no inherent contradiction between self-regarding and other-regarding behavior,
Note:LA NN CONTRADDIZIONE

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cultural norms of reciprocity
Note:L ALTRUISMO NELL ECONOMIA

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Cultures that have evolved markets
Note:BASE CULRURALE

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Markets economize on the need for virtue, but do not eliminate it
LO SPRECO DELLA VORTÙ