Notebook per
The Family A Foundation for Moderate Social Individualism
Citation (APA): hall, l. k. (2017). The Family A Foundation for Moderate Social Individualism [Kindle Android version]. Retrieved from Amazon.com
Parte introduttiva
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 1
The Family: A Foundation for Moderate Social Individualism By Lauren K. Hall
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 8
The political project at its core involves creating communities out of a multitude of individuals.[
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 11
never complete,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 12
particular desires of individuals,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 13
political project will always be characterized by conflict.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 15
there exist institutions, often ignored by political thinkers, that make this balance between individual and community possible.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 16
blurring or even eradicating the traditional individual/ community dichotomy.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 17
“intermediate institutions”
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 18
form a kind of buffer between individuals and the communities
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 18
What makes families special is that they are natural
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 20
both biological and cultural bonds
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 22
Our family relationships follow us out into the broader community,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 23
It is strange, then, that the family has been largely ignored,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 26
rationalistic hubris
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 27
myriad ways in which families influence politics:
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 28
supply of people through reproduction, marriage as a link between powerful families, familial education in passing down norms and values, nepotism and patronage linked to powerful family lines, inheritance and the movement of property down generations, and the cost of unstable family forms in terms of welfare, criminal justice, and so on.
Nota - Posizione 30
x MODI IN CUI LA FAMIGLIA INFLUISCE SULLA POLITICA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 31
it muddies the theoretical waters.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 33
Those who emphasize the unlimited freedom of the individual come quickly up against the iron wall of genetics, early childhood development, and family experiences.
Nota - Posizione 34
x L ASTRAZIONE DELL INDIVIDUO. ESEMPIO
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 34
We are not free to choose our families
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 35
Ayn Rand
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 36
The family is also one of the only places in the world where the creed “to each according to his need” not only works, but is indispensable.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 37
family also challenges individualist arguments for personal responsibility
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 39
John Galt’s family was only barely mentioned in Atlas Shrugged.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 41
families are the root of inequality.
Nota - Posizione 41
t
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 42
intimate connection with property rights.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 43
family is the originator of unequal opportunity.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 44
its generally hierarchical form,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 44
natural authority
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 45
The reality of pregnancy, birth, and nursing places further stress on a strict egalitarian division of labor.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 47
The collective egalitarian cry that the private is really political is inevitably complicated by intimate groups that profoundly affect social structures but that also stubbornly refuse collectivization.
Nota - Posizione 48
x NO ALLA POLITICIZZAZIONE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 49
calls to collectivize and control the family, from Marx and Engels to contemporary liberal feminists like Judith Moller Okin.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 55
those who prefer a consistency and uniformity
Nota - Posizione 55
CHI IRRITA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 57
We are a mixed bag of selfish and social,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 58
There are, thankfully, a few moderate thinkers who have appreciated
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 62
Adam Smith in particular,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 63
theory of society as a kind of spontaneous order
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 67
Smith’s theory, instead of pushing the individual and the community further apart, was instead meant to bridge the gap between individual and community, using expansive self-interest and the natural moral sentiments as building tools.[
Nota - Posizione 69
x SMITH
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 71
foundation for both expansive self-interest and the moral sentiments can be found in the family
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 77
our care is not universal,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 77
human nature does not support a universal benevolence
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 80
This limited sphere of interest is a fundamental limit
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 82
This affection produces a kind of moderation and a restraint that limits revolutionary spirit
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 85
Edmund Burke picks up on Smith’s anti-revolutionary concerns
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 87
Concerned about Lockean individualism run amok
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 89
the myth of all men as “brothers” would lead to a breakdown in the true familial affections
Nota - Posizione 90
PREOCCUPAZIONE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 92
individuals, despite their abstract natural rights, are bound by inherited duties
Nota - Posizione 93
PER BURKE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 94
duties, rooted in our affections
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 96
Burke rejected the idea that the collective can and should replace the family
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 97
an idea laid out most clearly later by Marx and Engels.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 97
our affections for our families are the foundation for our affection for our communities,
Nota - Posizione 98
BURKE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 99
intergenerational compact protected and transmitted by families preserves
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 100
these authors (and some other classical liberal thinkers like Montesquieu and Hayek) balance individuals and the communities to which they belong through a spontaneous ordering of society, fueled by individual desires, but rooted in the sociality born and bred in family life.
Nota - Posizione 102
x FAMIGLIA E ORDINE SPONTANEO
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 103
the anonymous market
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 104
rational planning.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 104
complex and balanced political theory,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 105
The family is situated at the intersection of socialization and individuality,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 109
the family challenges ideological purity
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 110
Humans are not monolithic animals,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 111
any simplistic political theory will fail
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 141
Responses to Kuznicki and Yenor: Patriarchy and Other Family Forms By Lauren K. Hall
Nota - Posizione 145
t
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 150
Kuznicki’s excellent discussion of the link between patriarchy and despotism,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 152
cornerstone of a pervasive despotism?
Nota - Posizione 153
FAMIGLIA COME...
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 154
the patriarchal family cited by Filmer and others is a perfect example of the use and abuse of the family to justify a particular political ideology.
Nota - Posizione 155
x FILMER
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 156
God gave man dominion over women and children
Nota - Posizione 156
ARG DI FILMER
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 156
we can trace the absolute monarch’s right to rule
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 158
fathers having an absolute right over their children’s lives,
Nota - Posizione 158
NESSUNO SOSTIENE CHE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 159
families that existed, while certainly patriarchal in nature, were much less patriarchal than Filmer’s depiction,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 160
that eventually helped moderate the claims of absolute monarchy.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 161
Locke’s response to Filmer is intriguing here, since he uses the family to annihilate Filmer’s claims by recasting familial relations as based entirely on consent.
Nota - Posizione 162
x RISP. DI LOCKE A FILMER
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 162
the idea that the family is purely consensual strikes even the most libertarian among us as problematic.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 163
Locke and Filmer both recast the family to justify a particular kind of political theory,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 169
Patriarchy is partly the result of the reality that the demands of pregnancy and childbirth create periods of dependence where women need external resources and assistance to survive. In pre-industrial societies, this burden was particularly great. The political, economic, and cultural climates changed over time, however, to limit such dependence. As women gained access to resources and as pregnancy and childbirth became less dangerous and more compatible with working outside the home, women’s dependence on men decreased.
Nota - Posizione 170
x ORIGINI DEL PATRIARCATO T
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 174
the rise of what has been called the “companionate marriage,”
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 176
politics impacts families as well, and immoderate politics leads to immoderate families.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 177
Women’s subordination to men only became complete thanks to state interventions
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 177
denying the property, contract, and other rights
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 178
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, a feminist primatologist, argued that, in general, women are the least free of the female great apes since cultural practices can enforce male dominance and patriarchal institutions in a way that males in ape groups cannot.[
Nota - Posizione 179
x SCIMMIE IN NATURA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 191
Response to Scott Yenor
Nota - Posizione 191
t
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 194
I believe very strongly in family for its own sake.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 194
Family is the source of, for many people at least, our deepest attachments, our fondest memories,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 205
Polygamy, for example, will tend to produce individual- and societal-level results like patriarchal sex-roles and skewed sex-ratios that create imbalances in the family that spill over into the wider community.
Nota - Posizione 207
x DIFETTI POLIGAMIA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 207
Single parenthood too is problematic because it tends to be difficult for a single parent to provide the kind of emotional, financial, and psychological stability children need as they grow.
Nota - Posizione 208
x DIFETTI DEL SINGLE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 208
what I call “moderate monogamy”
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 209
range of family types
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I suspect Yenor would see same-sex marriage as a rejection of the natural coupling
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 211
I instead see such marriage as the culmination of the natural desire for conjugal bonding and reproduction.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 215
I argue for a family that fulfills our desires as social individuals,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 216
understanding of human flourishing and the goods
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 220
we defend the family from the extremely pernicious argument that the family’s activities are replaceable by government activity.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 223
Responses on Procreation and Same-Sex Marriage By Lauren K. Hall
Nota - Posizione 227
t
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 230
Scott argues that the fact that so few children live with non-biological relatives suggests that “sex, procreation, and education are all related somehow. The old view would be that sex and procreation are united under a larger institution called marriage or monogamy.”
Nota - Posizione 232
x TESI PROCRAZ E EDUCSZIONE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 234
Of course they’re related,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 234
Now, of course, things have changed.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 236
Most of my gay friends desire children and have sought out the means to have children,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 236
through sperm donation, surrogacy, or adoption.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 242
How those children get here seems less important to me than how they are loved once they arrive.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 249
The failure of the family as transmitter of manners and mores requires more state intervention in the family and the erosion of the character that prevents the need for government intervention in other areas of life.
Nota - Posizione 251
x SBAGLIARE IL TIPO DI FAMIGLIA FA IRROMPERE LO STATO
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 256
No Substitutes for the Family By Lauren K. Hall
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 265
The family is crucial for individual development.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 265
Right now, at least, it cannot be replaced.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 266
why can’t we replace the family with other things?
Nota - Posizione 267
t
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ultimate explanation for this is rooted in evolutionary theory,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 268
family is absolutely necessary for human development of every kind.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 268
Children learn not only language and cultural norms from their parents, but also how to manage emotions, communicate, and trust. The incredible intelligence held as potential in our genes is useless until it is released, usually within the first two years of life, by interactions with loving, committed adults.
Nota - Posizione 270
x A COSA SERVE LA FAMIGLIA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 272
the developmental argument for the family is that individual humans need the family to be successful humans.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 272
This of course does not mean that there are not terrible families
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 273
children who survive such families usually do so because there is someone else,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 274
But such stories are rare because the kind of commitment required to replace the family is so great that such commitment is rarely extended to non-kin.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 276
families are also the source of some of the deepest human joys
Nota - Posizione 277
IN SÈ
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 277
Families, for most people, give life meaning.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 279
The family makes life worth living.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 280
it can also make life unbearable when it is corrupted.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 283
A Practical Approach to Family Policy By Lauren K. Hall
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 291
how we can encourage or defend such monogamy without relying on government nudges
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 292
incentivizing marriage does not seem to do much.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 294
many people are getting married and staying together.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 294
Those people tend to be middle class individuals with college educations.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 295
why some groups marry and stay married so much more than others.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 297
Some bemoan the welfare state as become a replacement for stable relationships,
Nota - Posizione 297
PERCHÈ LA CRISI DELLA FAMIGLIA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 299
take a closer look at sex ratios among lower class individuals.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 300
lower class men are failing at life at significantly higher levels than lower class women.
Nota - Posizione 301
FALLITI
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 301
They are less likely to get an education, less likely to have stable jobs, and more likely to engage in risky behavior like drug and alcohol addiction and criminal activity.
Nota - Posizione 302
x FALLIMENTO DEI BETA
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 305
Hanna Rosin famously declared the End of Men
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 307
the pool of acceptable marriage partners is skewed.
Nota - Posizione 307
CHI SE LI SPOSA?
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 308
far more marriageable women than there are marriageable men in lower income
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 312
There are, by some estimates, as many as 1.5 million missing black males due to a combination of violence and incarceration. In some neighborhoods, this means there may be as many as 140 black women for every 100 black men.
Nota - Posizione 314
x NERI
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 315
Monogamy is simply not possible under these circumstances.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 317
the demise of the black family started well before mass incarceration,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 319
Imbalanced sex ratios impact the way men operate as well.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 320
marriageable men have no incentive to commit.
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 320
Men in these circumstances know women don’t have many options,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 321
Such a situation makes both men and women unhappy
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 324
we need to discuss, as Steve has, the kinds of government policies that affect sex ratios,
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 326
few proposals
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 326
Eliminate drug policies that take men away from their families and that skew sex ratios, making monogamous pairing impossible. Provide more opportunities for working class men to get jobs. This may include eliminating or reducing certification and licensing laws that prevent people from entering various occupations that in themselves may require little formal education. While we’ve made it easier than ever to be incarcerated, we’ve also made it harder and harder to get a job or start a business.
Nota - Posizione 329
x PROPOSTE
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 329
The emphasis on college degrees has pushed people away from skilled labor,
Nota - Posizione 330
c
Evidenzia (giallo) - Posizione 331
Finally, reassess welfare benefits that create a marriage tax on the poor.
Nota - Posizione 331
c
