CHAPTER 10 Five Chats on Education and Enlightenment
Note:10@@@@@@@@ FINO ALL ASTERIS O
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no one’s in the dark.
Note:TUTTI PENSANO DI SAPERE IN MATERIA
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Few read education research,
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insular.
Note:I RICERCATORI DISMETTONO I PROFANI E VICEVERSA
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to merge
Note:L AMBIZIONE
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Chat #1: Education, What It’s Good For
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Selfishly speaking, you shot yourself
Note:AL DROPOUT
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schooling pays mainly by signaling employability, not by raising employability.
Note:LA TESI
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I’m a whistle-blower. Without my prestigious credentials, would you even listen to my “case
Note:LA SPIA...MPLURILAUREATA
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use T. S. Eliot on the job?
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students won’t use Eliot on the job, but they need good grades to get a
Note:PARADOSSO
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I never said “all”!
Note:CARICATURA
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mostly signaling,
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education premium.”
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human capital share.
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signaling share.
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If most employers refused to hire dropouts out of sheer snobbery, fair-minded employers could get rich quick.
Note:NO DISCRIMINAZIONE
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While competent dropouts exist, they’re hard to pinpoint
Note:COMPETENT DROPOUT
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Without hundreds of billions of annual subsidies, who knows what alternative worker certification systems would have arisen?
Note:ALTERNATIVE? IMPOSSIBILI DA SCOVARE...STATUS QUO RULES
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subsidies aggravate
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credible signals have to be expensive.
Note:ESIGENZA
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If diamonds were suddenly cheap
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Eighty percent signaling is my best guess.
Note:80%
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education signals a package
Note:IL PACCHETTO
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intelligence, work ethic, and sheer conformity for starters.
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Goldman Sachs poach high school seniors as soon as they’re admitted to Harvard, instead of waiting four years for them to graduate?
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ALTERNATIVA
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Goldman Sachs doesn’t want misfits and weirdos. It wants outstanding conformists.
Note:ALTERNATIVA IN CONTRASTO COL CONFO
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Chat #2: College and Catch-22s
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Online education is exploding
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Why mortgage your house to build job skills you can learn over the Internet
Note:PERCHÈ NN RISPARMIARE
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answer: signaling.
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Online education is a better way to learn, but employers still don’t take it seriously.
Note:LA COSA DICE MOLTO SULLA SCUOLA
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“early adopters” flout social convention.
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the nonconformist stigma
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Conformity signaling elegantly explains their resilience.
Note:UNIVERSITA PLURISECOLARI
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Emerson’s “Self-Reliance”: “Whoso would be a man, must be a nonconformist.”
Note:BIBBIA AMERICANA
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What happens if a student, taking Emerson to heart, leaves their seat without permission?
Note:HAI HAI
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hypocrisy about “being yourself.”
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Businesses need conformity
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I think we all agree K–12 builds human capital;
Note:SI SALVA LA PRIMARIA?
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Think about all the academic classes K–12 students rarely use on the job: history, foreign language, poetry, civics.
Note:NOOOOO
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earning a STEM degree impresses employers
Note:PERCHÈ STEM GUADAGNANO PIÙ DEI NN STEM
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Social Desirability Bias.
Note:XCHÈ UNA VISIONE IMPOPOLARE
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sheepskin effect.
Note:IL PUNTO DI FORZA
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Chat #3: How Educational Investments Measure Up
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Compare below-average college earnings to above-average high school earnings.
Note:CONSIGLIO PRATICO AI DIPLOMATI.... L UNIVERSITÀ NN TERMINATA VALE ZERO
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two evils: Overlooked Potential and False Hope.
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so obsessed with the first evil and so indifferent to the second?
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garbage collector makes almost $34,000 a year.
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but it’s nasty.
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attending school is, like garbage collection, a nasty way to make a buck?
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You should expect about a 3% return to starting college. Selfishly speaking, that’s no disaster, but you can do better.
Note:ALLA MATRICOLA
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“Education is a bad investment socially speaking.”
Note:MA IL PUNTO
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One possible benefit of education, for example, is crime reduction.
Note:ESEMPIO DI RESA SOCIALE
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selfish benefits of education are zero-sum.
Note:SE L ED È SEGNALE
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Credential inflation at work.
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When researchers disentangle the “technological change” and “credential inflation”
Note:INFLAZ TITOLI E AUMENTO TECNOLOGICO
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20% tech, 80% credentialism.
Note:INFLAZ TITOLO INFLAZIONE TECNOLOGIA
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Crime
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raising the taxes
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cutting the benefits
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likely to commit less crime, because they’ve got more to lose.
Note:PERCHÈ
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Aren’t you worried lower education subsidies will lead to smaller families?
Note:SCUOLA A PAGAMENTO
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use some of the money we save on schools to fund fertility.
Note:RIMEDIO
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they more than pay for themselves,
Note:BAMBINI
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Chat #4: Why Do You Hate Education?
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For elementary and secondary school, means-tested vouchers.
Note:POLICY
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End the taxpayer subsidies.
Note:UNIVERSITÀ
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unsubsidized student loans,
Note:X I PIÙ POVERI
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You favor higher tuition.
Note:ALTE TASSE
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spurs youths to waste fewer years
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hefty budget cuts would bring credential inflation to its knees.
Note:COMBATTERE L INFLAZIONE
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Most don’t even finish high school. Does college really strike you as a viable path
Note:USCIRE DALLA POVERTÀ
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vocational training.
Note:LA VIA
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if perpetuation of capitalist hierarchy were my goal, I’d model schools after military academies.
Note:LA SCUOLA ASSERVITA AL SISTEMA
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vocational education, in contrast, isn’t to brainwash kids
Note:LA SC PROFF NN È ASSERVOTA
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drudgery of school?
Note:DOPPIO STANDARD... SCUOLA E LAVORO MINORILE
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schools force every kid to “prepare for college,” but only a third cross the collegiate finish line.
Note:STORTURA
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they promise, “Free markets will make education even better.”
Note:I LIBERTARI NN ATTACCANO LA VACCA SACRA
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both public and private schools. They’re cut from the same cloth.
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adopt—policies that sound good,
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