HL ch 1 Il rifiuto di crescere

Chapter 1 In No Hurry: Growing Up Slowly - iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood--and What That Means for the Rest of Us

Jean M. Twenge

Note:1@@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Location: 325

with porn on the Internet, sexy Halloween costumes for young girls, 7th-grade boys requesting nude pictures of their classmates, and other adults-too-soon trends gaining attention, many people believe that children and teens are instead growing up more quickly than in the past.
Note:L'ILLUSIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 329

(Not) Going Out and (Not) Getting It On
Note:tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 346

iGen teens are less likely to go out without their parents. The trend began with Millennials and then accelerated at a rapid clip with iGen’ers (see Figure 1.1).
Note:IO MAMMATE E TU

Yellow highlight | Location: 347

12th graders in 2015 are going out less often than 8th graders did as recently as 2009.
Note:POCHE USCITE

Yellow highlight | Location: 352

the same for students from working-class and middle-class homes.
Note:IL REDDITO NON INCIDE

Yellow highlight | Location: 352

Nor is the trend caused by the recession:
Note:LA CRISI NON C ENTRA

Yellow highlight | Location: 353

The more likely candidate is smartphones, used by the majority of teens since around 2011–12.
Note:IL MAGGIOR INDIZIATO

Yellow highlight | Location: 354

iGen teens are less likely to experience the freedom of being out of the house without their parents—
Note:LIBERTÀ

Yellow highlight | Location: 364

iGen teens are less likely to date
Note:PRECIPITATE LE USCITE ROMANTICHE

Yellow highlight | Location: 366

In the early 1990s, nearly three out of four 10th graders sometimes dated, but by the 2010s only about half did.
Note:ccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 373

Normally it’s the girl that’s shopping and the boy is, like, following.”
Note:PRIMO APPUNTAMENTO.. NON SERA MA POMERIGGIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 383

The lack of dating leads to the next surprising fact about iGen: they are less likely to have sex than teens in previous decades
Note:SESSO

Yellow highlight | Location: 388

Fewer teens having sex is one of the reasons behind what many see as one of the most positive youth trends in recent years: the teen birthrate hit an all-time low in 2015, cut by more than half since its modern peak in the early 1990s
Note:TEEN INCINTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 401

An Interlude About Why Teens Act Less like Adults—and Why It’s Not All Good or All Bad
Note:tttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 405

developmental speed is an adaptation to a cultural context.
Note:CRESCITA E CULTURA

Yellow highlight | Location: 406

families have fewer children and cultivate each child longer and more intensely.
Note:POCHI BIMBI MOLTO CURATI

Yellow highlight | Location: 408

Compare that to a fast life strategy, where families are larger and parents focus on subsistence rather than quality.
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 415

in some cultures, dating in early high school is considered good—
Note:CULTURA E FILARINO

Yellow highlight | Location: 418

the “bad”-vs.-“good” question depends a lot on one’s cultural perspective.
Note:cccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 427

License to Drive
Note:TTTTTT

Yellow highlight | Location: 438

though nearly all Boomer high school students had their driver’s license by spring of their senior year, by 2015 only 72% did.
Note:72%

Yellow highlight | Location: 442

Mom is such a good chauffeur that there’s no urgent need to drive.
Note:MAMMA AUTISTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 447

“because my parents didn’t ‘push’ me to get my license.”
Note:UNA FRASE CHE TRAMORTISCE UN GENX

Yellow highlight | Location: 457

Are fewer teens driving because of ride-sharing services such as Uber and Lyft? Not likely. First, these services usually require that riders be 18 years old or older, so most high school students can’t use them alone. In addition, Uber debuted in 2009 and Lyft in 2012, and the decline in getting a driver’s license began long before that.
Note:UBER NON C ENTRA

Yellow highlight | Location: 475

The Retreat of the Latchkey Kids
Note:ttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 475

In 2015, a Maryland couple allowed their 10- and 6-year-old children to walk by themselves about a mile from a local park to their home. Someone saw the children walking alone and called the police, and the couple was investigated
Note:A10 ANNI GIRA DA SOLO... SOTTO PROCESSO I GENITORI

Yellow highlight | Location: 482

latchkey kid: walking home from school and using your key to enter an empty house, since your parents were still at work.
Note:FIGURA SCOMPARSA... LA RAGAZZA DALLA CHIAVE

Yellow highlight | Location: 487

more mothers in the 2010s worked full-time than in the 1990s.
Note:ccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 492

The Decline of the Teen Job
Note:tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 492

Many Boomers and GenX’ers can remember the first time they bought something with their own money—
Note:I PROPRI SOLDI

Yellow highlight | Location: 495

in the late 1970s, only 22% of high school seniors didn’t work for pay at all during the school year, but by the early 2010s, twice as many (44%) didn’t
Note:DIMEZZAMENTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 497

The number of 8th graders who work for pay has been cut in half.
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 503

Fewer teens work during the summer as well: in 1980, 70% had a summer job, which sank to 43% in the 2010s
Note:ESTATE

Yellow highlight | Location: 506

Maybe teens don’t have jobs anymore—and don’t go out as much anymore—because they are devoting more time to homework and extracurricular activities.
Note:FALSA CAUSA: PI ATTIVITÀ E PIÙ COMPITI

Yellow highlight | Location: 512

Time spent on student clubs and on sports/exercise as 12th graders changed little over time (see Appendix B).
Note:EXTRATTIVITÀ COSTANTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 514

the rise in volunteering took place between the 1980s and the 1990s, well before the large drop in working for pay.
Note:ANNI NOVANTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 516

As it turns out, iGen 8th, 10th, and 12th graders actually spent less time on homework
Note:SEMPRE MENO COMPITI

Yellow highlight | Location: 524

The trends in this total are clear: iGen teens are spending less time on homework, paid work, volunteering, and extracurriculars combined, not more
Note:CONCLUSIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 539

even if teens don’t learn high-level skills from their jobs, they often learn the value of responsibility and money.
Note:LAVORARE È UN BENE?

Yellow highlight | Location: 547

disadvantaged teens randomly assigned to a summer jobs program were 43% less likely to be involved in violence.
Note:UN BENE X I PIÙ BISIGNOSI

Yellow highlight | Location: 551

Taking Out Loans from the Bank of Mom and Dad
Note:tttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 557

With fewer teens working, you might think that more would get an allowance to buy the things they want. However, fewer iGen’ers get an allowance.
Note:MENO LAVORO PIÙ PAGHETTE?.... NO

Yellow highlight | Location: 561

When they need money, they must, like Ellie, ask for it from their parents.
Note:A RICHIESTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 568

the result is more young people graduating from high school without even the introductory money-managing experience
Note:MONEY MANAGEMENT

Yellow highlight | Location: 570

You Booze, You Lose
Note:ttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 581

fewer and fewer drink alcohol. Nearly 40% of iGen high school seniors in 2016 had never tried alcohol at all, and the number of 8th graders who have tried alcohol has been cut nearly in half
Note:POCO ALCOL

Yellow highlight | Location: 586

The decline in trying alcohol is the largest in the youngest groups and by far the smallest among young adults.
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 592

is especially encouraging; most people would agree that 13- and 14-year-olds drinking is not a good idea.
Note:MOLTO POSITIVO

Yellow highlight | Location: 595

There is one downside to these trends: more young people arrive on college campuses or enter adult life without much experience drinking.
Note:UNA VERGINITÀ CHE SPESSO SI PAGA

Yellow highlight | Location: 603

The rapid increase in binge drinking from age 18 to age 21 can be risky.
Note:SI BEVE MENO E AUMENTANO LE SBORNIE

Yellow highlight | Location: 608

“I’m 21 and in my prime drinking years, and I intend to take full advantage of it!”
Note:TIPICO PENSIERO

Yellow highlight | Location: 610

What about drug use? The heyday of illicit drug use among teens—the vast majority of which is marijuana—was in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Use then plummeted in the early 1990s before going back up again through the 2000s and 2010s (see Figure 1.12
Note:DROGHE... LA DINAMICA

Yellow highlight | Location: 616

Why the different patterns for alcohol and drug use? Drug use, at least in most states, is illegal at any age. Any rule breaking is roughly equal for drug use whether you are over or under 21. Buying alcohol, however, becomes legal at 21—perhaps why this cautious generation is more likely to avoid it as teens yet still indulges after they turn 21. As more states legalize recreational marijuana for adults, this pattern may change.
Note:PATTERN DIVERSI PER ALCOL E DROGA... PERCHÈ

Yellow highlight | Location: 620

Growing Up Slowly
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 621

iGen teens are less likely to go out without their parents, date, have sex, drive, work, or drink alcohol.
Note:RIEPILOGO

Yellow highlight | Location: 632

GenX’ers in the 1990s, who began to postpone the traditional milestones of adulthood such as settling into a career, getting married, and having children.
Note:I PRIMI SEGNALI DEL POSTPORRE

Yellow highlight | Location: 634

Yet GenX’er teens didn’t slow down—they were just as likely to drive, drink alcohol, and date as their Boomer peers
Note:DIFFERENaw

Yellow highlight | Location: 642

Adolescence is now an extension of childhood rather than the beginning of adulthood.
Note:ADOLESCENZA

Yellow highlight | Location: 643

Is This Because Teens Are More Responsible?
Note:ttttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 644

the sociologist David Finkelhor argued that iGen teens, with their lowered alcohol use, reduced crime rates, and more limited sexuality, are “showing virtues their elders lacked.”
Note:TEEN PIÙ RESPONSABILI?

Yellow highlight | Location: 648

year-old writer Jess Williams,

Yellow highlight | Location: 649

Williams describes iGen as “boring.”
Note:NOIOSI

Yellow highlight | Location: 650

Generation Yawn: 20 Is the New 40.”
Note:ccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 659

Neither “better behaved” nor “boring” captures what’s really going on with iGen: they are simply taking longer to grow up.
Note:SOLO LA CRESCITA LENTA SPIEGA...

Yellow highlight | Location: 661

teens have adopted a slow life strategy, perhaps due to smaller families and the demands wrought by increasing income inequality.
Note:CAUSA 1: STRATEGIA LUNGO PARCHEGGIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 663

The cultural shift toward individualism may also play a role: childhood and adolescence are uniquely self-focused stages, so staying in them longer allows more cultivation of the individual self.
Note:CAUSA 2 INDIVIDUALISMO

Yellow highlight | Location: 676

Partners, Not Prisoners
Note:tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 677

Are teens willing participants in growing up more slowly, or are parents strong-arming them into it?
Note:COLPA/MERITO DEL FENOMENO

Yellow highlight | Location: 679

Parents do keep a closer watch over teens these days.
Note:OVERPARENTING

Yellow highlight | Location: 680

This surveillance is probably facilitated by phone-tracking
Note:cccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 688

Given the teen tendency to resist restrictions, you’d think teens and their parents would get into more fights.
Note:PIÙ CONTROLLO PIÚ CONFLITTI? NOOOOOOO

Yellow highlight | Location: 691

However, iGen teens fight less with their parents;
Note:cccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 694

In the most extreme cases of resistance to parents, teens might consider running away.
Note:FUGHE

Yellow highlight | Location: 696

As it turns out, running away is less common among iGen:
Note:cccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 701

they are willingly staying children for longer.
Note:PETER PAN

Yellow highlight | Location: 705

Many people now seem to associate being a child (as opposed to being an adult) with less stress and more fun;
Note:MENO STRESS PIÙ DIVERTIMENTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 713

“HOW ARE PEOPLE EXCITED TO TURN 18???? IM VERY SCARED OF ADULTING!!!!”
Note:18

Yellow highlight | Location: 719

Tangled and Frozen—both children’s movies by Disney.
Note:FILM PREFERITI DELLA 17ENNE

Yellow highlight | Location: 728

Even once they get to college, students’ parents continue to treat them like children. Parents register their adult children for classes, remind them of deadlines, and wake them up in time for class,
Note:ALL UNIVERSITÀ COME BAMBINI

Yellow highlight | Location: 738

Some suggest that this cocoon mentality is behind recent campus trends such as “trigger warnings”
Note:TRIGGER WARNINGS

Yellow highlight | Location: 740

One safe space, for example, featured coloring books and videos of frolicking puppies, neatly connecting the idea of safe spaces with that of childhood.
Note:SAFE PLACE

Yellow highlight | Location: 742

If teens are working less, spending less time on homework, going out less, and drinking less, what are they doing?
DOVE SI RIVOLGONO?… AL TELEFONINO

HL La religione del futuro - ch 5

Chapter 5 Irreligious: Losing My Religion (and Spirituality) - iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood--and What That Means for the Rest of Us

Jean M. Twenge

Note:5@@@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,707

Their skateboard park is the former Church of St. Joseph in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Like many other churches across Europe, the Church of St. Joseph closed as more Europeans disassociated from religion.
Note:SIMBOLO... SKATEPARK AL POSTO DELLA CHIESA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,711

For decades, the United States has been a much more religious country than most of Europe.
Note:USA VS UE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,715

Then came the Millennials. As studies by the Pew Research Center showed in the mid-2010s, one in three Millennials (then 20 to 34 years old) claimed no religious affiliation, much higher than the one in ten Americans over age 70 who did not affiliate. However, younger people have always been less religious and older people
Note:CONVERGENZA MILLENNIALS

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,725

Part of the Flock: Public Religious Participation
Note:tttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,732

Beginning in the 1990s and accelerating in the 2000s, fewer and fewer young people affiliated with a religion. The shift was largest for young adults,
Note:AFFILIAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,737

iGen’ers are more likely than any generation before them to be raised by religiously unaffiliated parents.
Note:UNA GENERAZIONE CRWSCIUTA DA GENITORI TIEPIDI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,744

two forces are working simultaneously to pull iGen’ers away from religion: more iGen’ers are being raised in nonreligious households, and more iGen teens have decided not to belong to a religion anymore.
Note:FAMIGLIA E SCELTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,754

Attendance at services declined slowly until around 1997 and then began to plummet.
Note:ANCHE LA FREQUENZA PATISCE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,761

“They tend to come back to the Church because they want their children to have some sort of religious education,”
Note:DUBBIO... NON È CHE SI TORNA IN CHIESA QUANDO SI METTE SU FAMIGLIA?

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,764

iGen’ers and the Millennials are less religious than Boomers and GenX’ers were at the same age.
Note:CONFRONTO TRA GENERAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,771

Faithful but Different
Note:tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,795

Losing My Religion: Private Religious Beliefs
Note:tttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,801

For twenty years, headlines and academic articles declared that yes, fewer Americans affiliated with a religion, but just as many were praying and just as many believed in God.
Note:PREGARE E CREDERE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,803

Then it fell off a cliff. By 2016, one out of three 18- to 24-year-olds said they did not believe in God. Prayer followed a similar steep, downward trajectory.
Note:NO PREGHIERE NO CREDENZE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,809

it is no longer true that Americans are just as religious privately. More and more Americans, especially Millennials and iGen’ers, are less religious both publicly and privately. This is not due to shifts in ethnic or racial composition in the population: the trends are the same,
Note:FINE ANCHE DELLA SPIRITUALITÁ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,815

spends all of his free time playing video games.
Note:VIDEOGAMES ANZICHÈ IN CHIESA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,817

he thinks religion is for, he says, “It’s great for supporting people, like, if they’re in a bad time.
Note:RELIGIONE COME CONSOLAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,820

“I’ve stopped praying just to thank God; I only pray when I need something or when someone else needs something,”
Note:CHI PREGA PREGA PER CHIEDERE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,826

But even belief in an afterlife started to fade after 2006.
Note:ANCHE L'AL DI LÀ PERDE COLPI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,831

iGen is, with near certainty, the least religious generation in US history.
Note:I MENO RELIGIOSI IN ASSOLUTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,833

they never attend religious services, don’t pray, and don’t believe in God.
Note:ccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,837

Religion vs. the Twenty-First Century
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,858

a recent study found that 80% of unmarried young adult evangelical Christians have had sex.)
Note:PRECETTI NON RISPETTATI ANCHE DAI CREDENTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,860

the future of Christianity:
Note:IL FUTIRO DELLA CRISTIANITÀ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,861

they will usher in a new, more tolerant era of Christian belief that steps away from what people should not do to focus on what they should do.
Note:ccccccv

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,863

“Spiritual but Not Religious” Has Become “Not Spiritual and Not Religious”
Note:ttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,865

Robert Fuller penned a book called Spiritual but Not Religious
Note:FULLER

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,867

That might have been true at one time, but no longer. iGen’ers are actually less spiritual as well as being less religious.
Note:ORA NON VALE PIÙ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,885

it’s not age, because Boomers and GenX’ers were perfectly happy to be religious when they were young; iGen is less religious even in beliefs that don’t require religious institutions;
Note:NON È L'ETÀ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,887

iGen’ers are less religious and less spiritual, publicly and privately, and strikingly different from previous generations when they were young.
Note:CONCLUSIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,916

in recent years teens from higher-SES families were more likely to go to religious services (see Figure 5.9
Note:LA PERDITA DI RELIGIOSITÀ RIGUARDA DI PIÙ I POVERI E VI MENO ISTRUITI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,942

Too Many Rules: Why Religion Has Declined
Note:tttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,945

Why are young Americans now less religious?
Note:PERCHÈ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,950

more individualistic times were less religious times.
Note:INDIVIDUALISMO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,951

following certain rules and joining groups, two other factors that don’t fit particularly well with an individualistic mind-set.
Note:REGOLE E COMUNITÀ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,955

Even religious teens often adhere to a more individualistic version of faith. When Christian Smith interviewed young people for his book Soul Searching, he found that many adhered to a belief system he labeled “moralistic therapeutic deism,”
Note:INDIVIDUALISMO RELIGIOSO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,962

In You Lost Me: Why Young Christians Are Leaving Church . . . and Rethinking Faith, his book about young former Christians, David Kinnaman reports that many young people feel a disconnect between their church and what they experience outside of it, including science, pop culture, and sexuality.
Note:DISCONNESSIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,972

many Millennials and iGen’ers distrust religion because they believe it promotes antigay attitudes. More young people now associate religion with rigidity and intolerance—
Note:RELGIONE VISTA COME INTOLLERANTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,979

Seventy-nine percent of the nonreligious believed that Christianity was antigay.
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,980

How can you love everyone, except gays, transgenders, and people who don’t believe in our God?
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,986

David Kinnaman’s book unChristian
Note:UN LIBRO SULL'ULTIMO TEMA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,987

“We have become famous for what we oppose, rather than who we are for.”
Note:cccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 2,006

religious organizations should focus on active discussions with iGen’ers that address the “big questions” they have about life,
Note:AFFRONTARE LE QUESTIONI DIRETTAMENTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 2,016

Europe with Bigger Cars: The Future Religious Landscape
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 2,022

(56%) believe that the decline in religion is a bad thing, while only 12% believe it’s a good thing.
Note:DECLINO RELIGIOSO... BENE O MALE?

Yellow highlight | Location: 2,030

Evangelical churches have not lost as many members over the last few decades as other Christian denominations have. That might be because they’ve recognized that iGen’ers and Millennials want religion to complete them—to strengthen their relationships and give them a sense of purpose.
Note:EVANGELICI... IL SERVIZIO COMPLETO

Yellow highlight | Location: 2,034

Religion will survive, but it will be a flexible, open, equal religion that gives people a sense of belonging and meaning
Note:LA RELIGIONE DEL FUTURO

Yellow highlight | Location: 2,035

It is unclear where iGen’ers will find community interaction to replace religion. Perhaps they won’t find it at all, content to rely on their social media network,
E LA COMUNITÁ?

ch 4 Lo smartphone e la salute mentale dei giovani

Chapter 4 Insecure: The New Mental Health Crisis - iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood--and What That Means for the Rest of Us

Jean M. Twenge

Note:4@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,352

unexplainable, occasional sadness
Note:TRISTEZZA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,353

Ilaf isn’t always sure why she feels depressed, and she struggles to explain her feelings to her parents.
Note:CAUSE MISTERIOSE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,356

iGen’ers look so happy online, making goofy faces on Snapchat and smiling in their pictures on Instagram. But dig deeper, and reality is not so comforting.
Note:ALLEGRI SOLO ONLINE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,360

The Internet—and society in general—promotes a relentless positivity
Note:PENSA POSITIVO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,365

Individualism also encourages people to feel good about themselves—
Note:LA CULTURA INDIVIDUALISTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,370

iGen’ers score lower in narcissism and have lower expectations,
Note:MENO NARCISISTI E MENO AMBIZIOSI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,376

Just as iGen entered the samples, teen happiness started to wane
Note:GLI INFELICI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,383

The first serious rumbles of the oncoming crash in iGen’ers’ outlook appear in their answers to questions asking whether they are satisfied with themselves
Note:SEI SODDISFATTO DI TE?

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,388

Percentage of 12th graders who are satisfied with their lives as a whole and with themselves. Monitoring the Future, 1976–2015.
Note:GRAFICO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,391

Left Out and Lonely
Note:tttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,392

she hadn’t been invited to. “I felt like I was the only one not there,”
Note:IL DRAMMA DI NN ESSERE INVITATI AL COMPLEANNO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,393

“. . . I was thinking, they’re having a good time without me.
Note:ccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,396

iGen has a specific term for this: FOMO (Fear of Missing Out).
Note:FOMO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,399

they are lonelier than they were just five years ago.
Note:SENSO DI SOLITUDINE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,405

feeling left out has reached all-time highs.
Note:ESCLUSI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,407

Such large changes over a short period of time are unusual, suggesting a specific cause with a big impact. Given the timing, smartphones are the most likely culprits,
Note:UNA CAUSA.... L IPOTESI SMARTPHONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,408

replacing in-person social interaction.
Note:TEMPO SPESO DA SOLI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,414

teens who spend more time on social media also spend more time with their friends in person—
Note:PIÙ SOCIAL PIÙ COMPAGNIA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,416

When teens as a group spend more time on screens and less time on in-person social interaction, loneliness will increase on average.

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,417

It’s possible that loneliness causes smartphone use instead of smartphone use causing loneliness, but the abrupt increase in loneliness makes this alternative much less likely.
Note:NESSO INVERSO POCO PROBABILE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,421

Although the trend toward feeling left out appears among both boys and girls, the increase was especially steep among girls
Note:RAGAZZE PIÙ VULNERABILI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,429

Afraid You’re Gonna Live: Depression
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,433

“They all looked so damn happy to me. Why couldn’t I look like that?”
Note:IL PENSIERO RETROSTANTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,435

the constant thrum of social media and texting, has created an emotionally fragile generation prone to depression.
Note:FRAGILI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,447

The data from these surveys are stark: teens’ depressive symptoms have skyrocketed in a very short period of time.
Note:IMPENNATA DEPRESSIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,454

many people post only their successes online, so many teens don’t realize that their friends fail at things, too.
Note:IL RUOLO DEI SOCIAL

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,455

If they spent more time with their friends in person, they might realize that they are not the only ones making mistakes.
Note:cccccccccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,461

the patina of positivity on social media covering the ugly underbelly of reality.
Note:PATINA DI OTTIMISMO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,462

Instagram posts, like ‘My life is so great.’
Note:GOOD LIFE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,468

More teens in recent years agree with the depressing statement “My life is not useful,”
Note:ASSENZA DI SENSO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,477

Just as with the rise in loneliness, girls have borne the brunt of the rise in depressive symptoms.
Note:RAGAZZE PIÙ VULNERABILI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,498

spending more time on social media and less time on in-person social interaction is correlated with depression.
Note:IL RAPPORTO TEMPO SUI SOCIAL/TEMPO INSIEME È PREDITTIVO DELLA DEPRESSIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,502

Could the Great Recession of 2007–2009 be the outside factor? It did come on suddenly, but the timing is wrong. Unemployment, one of the best indicators of how the economy is affecting real people, peaked in 2010 and then declined, exactly the opposite pattern from depression, which was stable until 2012 and then increased.
Note:IL TIMING DELLA CRISI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,508

Why might smartphones cause depression? For one thing, not getting a reply to your text or social media message has a high potential for causing anxiety—
Note:INTERVENTI SENZA RISPOSTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,514

The emphasis on perfect selfies has amplified body image issues for girls, who often chase likes by taking hundreds of pictures to get just the right one but still end up feeling as though they’ve fallen short.
Note:FOTO E FISICO... RAGAZZE MINACCIATE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,517

“Every day it’s like you have to wake up and put on a mask and try to be somebody else instead of being yourself,
Note:VIVERE IN PUBBLICO E VIVERE IPOCRITAMENTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,524

sexy photo will get lots of likes, but it also invites slut shaming.

Note | Location: 1,524

SEXY

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,527

An Epidemic of Anguish: Major Depressive Disorder, Self-Harm, and Suicide
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,533

scared to grow up, terrified that she didn’t know exactly what would happen next.
Note:PAURA DEL FUTURO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,548

The screening test shows a shocking rise in depression in a short period of time: 56% more teens experienced a major depressive episode in 2015 than in 2010
Note:DALLE INTERVISTE AI DATI CLINICI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,554

clinically diagnosable major depression.
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,556

the increase in major depressive episodes is far steeper among girls,
Note:GORLS

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,558

Depressed teens are more likely to self-injure, such as through cutting.
Note:TAGLI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,567

Major depression, especially if it’s severe, is also the primary risk factor for suicide.
Note:SUICIDI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,573

Suicide, a carefully tracked behavior unaffected by the possible irregularities of self-report surveys, is the most extreme and sadly objective outcome of depression.
Note:AFFIDABILITÁ DEI SUICIDI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,578

The rise in suicide is more pronounced for girls.
Note:GIRL

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,583

It’s also surprising, because more Americans now take antidepressants
Note:NONOSTANTE GLI ANTIDEPRESSIVI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,588

Why the Rise in Mental Health Issues?
Note:tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,589

An article in The Atlantic blamed teen mental health issues almost exclusively on academic pressure.
Note:CAUSE... PRESSIONI ACCADEMICHE?

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,592

But one good indicator of academic pressure is the amount of time students spend on homework, and as we saw in chapter 1, time spent doing homework is less or about the same as in previous decades, with little change between 2012 and 2016, the years when depression skyrocketed.
Note:NO... TEMPO SPESO X I COMPITI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,599

Time spent on exercise and sports is linked to less depression, but it didn’t change much since 2012, so they fail test number two, too.
Note:ATTIVITÀ FISICA... IRRILEVANTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,600

new-media screen time (such as electronic devices and social media) is linked to mental health issues and/or unhappiness, and it rose at the same time.
Note:ELEMENTI CORRELATI: SCREENING NOTOZIE A VODEO... RELAZIONI PERSONALI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,602

in-person social interaction and print media are linked to less unhappiness and less depression,
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,610

Another possibility is that iGen’ers are unprepared for adolescence and early adulthood due to their lack of independence.
Note:INDIPENDENZA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,614

Students whose parents displayed those characteristics (often known as “helicopter parents”) had lower psychological well-being and were more likely to have been prescribed medication for anxiety and depression.
Note:DEPRESSIONE DA ELICOTTERO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,627

Stealing Sleep
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,628

Just before you go to bed, you check on your teen. It looks as though her light is off, but you’re not sure. Then you see it: the faint blue light of her phone as she looks at it in bed.
Note:CAMERETTE ILLUMINATE DAI VIDEO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,634

Smartphone use may have decreased teens’ sleep time: more teens now sleep less than seven hours most nights (see Figure 4.12). Sleep experts say that teens should get about nine hours
Note:7 ORE ADI SONNO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,652

Electronic devices and social media seem to be unique in their effect on sleep compared to older forms of media. Teens who read books and magazines more often are actually less likely to be sleep deprived—either reading puts them to sleep, or they can put the book down at bedtime. TV time is barely related to sleep time.
Note:NEW MEDIA E SONNO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,656

Other activities that take up a lot of time, such as homework and working for pay, also increase the risk of missing out on sleep.
Note:PENALIZZAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,662

Sleep deprivation is linked to myriad issues, including compromised thinking and reasoning, susceptibility to illness, increased weight gain, and high blood pressure. Sleep deprivation also has a significant effect on mood: people who don’t sleep enough are prone to depression and anxiety.
Note:ALTRE CONSEGUENZE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,671

Intriguing new research shows that the blue light emitted by electronic devices tells our brains it’s still daytime, which makes the brain take longer to fall asleep.
Note:SEMPRE ATTIVI SEMPRE IN PISTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,676

What Can We Do?
Note:tttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,680

the case highlights a nationwide problem: the often inadequate resources for mental health assistance on college campuses.
Note:DEFICIT

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,685

High school students and their parents are already seeking help for psychological issues at an unprecedented rate.
Note:TUTTI DALLO BPSICOLOGO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,689

The bigger problem will occur if young people don’t seek help.
Note:I PIÙ IN PERICOLO

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,692

Seeing a therapist is still taboo. . . . Nobody likes the idea of putting a label on what can so easily be written off as some form of insecurity—nobody wants to be diagnosed.”
Note:TABÙ

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,698

the abrupt rise in mental health issues strongly suggests that genetics is not the whole story.
Note:GENETICA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,699

Among those predisposed to depression, only those who experience certain environments will actually become depressed.
ccccccccc

La società trasparente FIVE HL

Future Imperfect: Technology and Freedom in an Uncertain World

David D. Friedman FIVE

trend began in Britain a decade ago, in the city of King's Lynn, where sixty remote controlled video cameras were installed to scan known "trouble spots," reporting directly to police headquarters. The resulting reduction in street crime exceeded all predictions;
Note:x SUCCESSO INATTESO

Yellow highlight | Location: 781

savings in patrol… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 784

David Brin, The Transparent… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 784

In the early nineteenth century, Jeremy Bentham, one of the oddest and most original of English thinkers, designed a prison where every prisoner could be watched… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x PANOPTICON

Yellow highlight | Location: 787

In the United States, cameras have long been used in department stores to discourage shoplifting. More recently they have begun to be used to… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x USI TRAD DELLE TELECAMERE

Yellow highlight | Location: 789

Consider the problem of controlling auto… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x USI POSSIBILI. EMISSIONI

Yellow highlight | Location: 791

One could build a much better system using modern technology. Set up unmanned detectors that measure emissions by shining a beam of light through the exhaust plume of a passing automobile; identify… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 793

Another application of large-scale surveillance already being experimented with takes advantage of the fact that cell phones… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x ALTRO ES CELL. TRAFFICO INCIDENTI PERCORSI

Yellow highlight | Location: 795

By monitoring the signals from drivers' phones, it is possible to observe traffic flows. That is very useful information if you want to advise drivers to route around a traffic jam, or locate an accident by the resulting cluster of phones. Currently it is anonymous information, locating a… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Note | Location: 797

c

Yellow highlight | Location: 797

Few would consider it objectionable to have a police officer wandering around a park or standing on a street corner, keeping an eye out for purse snatchers and the like. Video… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x ALL APPARENZA NESSUN PROBLEMA

Yellow highlight | Location: 800

What's the… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 800

A cop on the street corner may see you, he may even remember you, but he has no way of combining everything he sees with everything that every other cop… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x LA TUA VITA CONOSCIUTA

Yellow highlight | Location: 804

large fractions of your doings are an open book to anyone with access to the… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 806

legal… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 807

A related issue is the use of surveillance technology, legally or illegally,… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 807

Lots of people own video cameras and those cameras are getting… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x PRIVATI

Yellow highlight | Location: 809

The owner of a few dozen of them could collect a lot of information… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 809

Of course technological development, in this area as in others, is likely to improve… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x TECNO DI DIFESA

Yellow highlight | Location: 812

We have already had court cases over whether it is or is not a search to deduce marijuana growing inside a house by using an infrared detector to… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x ES MARIU

Yellow highlight | Location: 813

We already have technologies that make it possible to listen to a conversation by bouncing a… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x ES CONVERSAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 815

Assume, for the moment, that the offense wins out over the defense - that preventing other people from spying on you becomes impractical. What options remain?Brin argues… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x TESI DI BRIN: LA PRIVACY È DESTINATA A SPARIRE

Yellow highlight | Location: 817

He proposes as an alternative to privacy universal lack of privacy: the transparent society. The police can watch you - but someone is watching them. The entire system of video cameras, including… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x UNICA DIFESA: TOTALIZZARE LA PERDITA

Yellow highlight | Location: 819

Parents can keep an eye on their children, children on their parents, spouses on each other, employers on employees and vice versa,… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 820

The Upside of… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 826

Qui custodes ipsos custodiet? "Who shall guard… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x UN PROB CHE LA TS PUÓ RISOLVERE

Yellow highlight | Location: 826

The transparent society offers a possible solution. Consider the Rodney King case. A group of policemen… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Note | Location: 827

x CASO R.K

Yellow highlight | Location: 828

Unfortunately for the police, a witness got the beating on videotape, with the result that several of the officers ended up in prison.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 830

In Brin's world, every law enforcement agent knows that he is on candid camera
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 831

But there are… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 831

Selective… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 832

Brin's version does not seem likely. All of the information will be flowing through machinery controlled… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x QUALCUNO RESTA IN POSIZIONE DI CTRL

Yellow highlight | Location: 834

If police are setting up cameras in police stations, they can arrange for a few areas to be… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x ES POLIZIA

Yellow highlight | Location: 836

The situation gets more interesting in a world where technological progress enables private surveillance on a wide scale, so that every location where interesting things might happen, including every police station, has flies on the… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x TECNOLOGIA PIENAMENTE INVASIVA

Yellow highlight | Location: 839

information is valuable to others, it can be shared. Governments might try to restrict such sharing. But in a world of strong privacy that will be hard to do, since in such a world information… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x COMMERCIO DEI DATI E CRIPTAGGIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 841

one can imagine a futurewhere Brin's transparent society is produced not by government but… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x SORVEGLIANZA PDIVATA

Yellow highlight | Location: 844

The information will be produced privately only if the producer can both use it himself and sell it to others. So a key requirement for a privately generated transparent society… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x PRE REQUISITO. MERCATO DELL INFO

Yellow highlight | Location: 845

The Downside of… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 845

the transparent… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 846

One might instead view it as a step into the past. The privacy that most of us take for granted is to a considerable degree a novelty, a product of rising incomes in recent centuries. In a world where many people shared a single residence, where a… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x ZERO PRIVACY. RITORNO AL PASSATO

Yellow highlight | Location: 848

consider a primitive society such as Samoa. Multiple families share a single… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x SAMOA

Yellow highlight | Location: 849

the community is small enough to… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 849

Infants are trained early on not to make noise. Adults rarely… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 852

to communicate in code, to use words or expressions that your intimates will correctly interpret and others will not. For a milder version of the same approach, consider parents who talk to each other in a foreign… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x CODICI

Yellow highlight | Location: 855

In Brin's future transparent society, many of us will become less willing to express our opinions of our boss, employees, ex-wife, or present husband in any public place. People will become less expressive… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x IPOCRISIA

Yellow highlight | Location: 857

WHAT IS PRIVACY AND WHY DO WE… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 858

Think of "privacy" as shorthand for an individual's ability to control other people's access… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x DEF PRIVACY. CODICE

Yellow highlight | Location: 859

I have almost complete privacy with regard to my… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x INTROSPEZ

Yellow highlight | Location: 861

If someone invented an easy and accurate way of reading minds, privacy would be radically reduced even if there were no change in my legal rights.'
Note:x SCANNER. DIRITTI E FATTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 865

The Case Against Privacy
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 867

On net, is an increase in privacy… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x DOMANDA

Yellow highlight | Location: 869

The reason I value my privacy is straightforward: Information about me in the hands of other people sometimes permits them to gain at my expense. They may do so by stealing my property - if… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x VANTAGGI PRIVACY: GLI ALTRI NON GUADAGNANO A MIE SPESE

Yellow highlight | Location: 872

Information about me in other people's hands may also benefit me - for example, the information that I am honest and competent. But privacy does not prevent that… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x VANTAGGI CHE MI ARRECA IL FACILE ACCESSO ALLE MIE INFO

Yellow highlight | Location: 874

my privacy protects me from burglary - in which privacy produced a net benefit, since the gain to a burglar is normally… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:CASO IN CUI LA PRIVACY CONVIENE SOCIALMENTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 877

One of the risks of bargaining is bargaining breakdown when a seller overestimates the price a buyer is willing to pay or a buyer makes the corresponding mistake the other way and the deal falls through, making both parties worse off than if they had each more accurately… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:LA PRIVACY RENDE PIÙ DIFFICILE CHIUDERE I CONTRATTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 882

In situations involving involuntary transactions, privacy produces a net gain if it is being used to protect other rights (assuming that those rights have been defined in a way that makes their protection desirable) and a net loss if it is… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note: BENEFICI NEI CASI DI COERCIZIONE E COSTI NEGLI SCAMBI

Yellow highlight | Location: 886

Privacy and… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 890

Governments engage in involuntary transactions on an… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x GOVERNO E COERCIZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 891

While I can protect myself from my fellow citizens with locks and burglar alarms, I can protect myself from government actors only by keeping… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x PROTEGGERSI DAL GOV CON LA PRIVACY

Yellow highlight | Location: 892

If government is the modern equivalent of Plato's philosopher-king, individual privacy simply makes it… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:LA PRIVACY È UN MALE SE IL GOVERNO È BUONO

Yellow highlight | Location: 894

Most Americans appear, judging by expressed views on privacy, to be close enough… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x CHI AMA LA PRIVACY GIUDICA IMPLICIT IL GOV

Yellow highlight | Location: 896

tax… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 897

technology could enable a tyranny that Hitler or Stalin might envy. Even if we accept Brin's optimistic assumption that the citizens are as well informed about the police as the police are about… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x CON HITLER LA SOLUZIONE BRIN NN REGGE

Yellow highlight | Location: 900

It does not follow that Brin's prescription is wrong. His argument, after all, is that privacy will simply not be an option, either because the visible benefits of surveillance are so large or because the technology will make it impossible to prevent it. If he is right… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:MA IN BRIN LA PRIVACY NON È UN'OPZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 902

SAY IT AIN'T… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 903

My wife is suing me for divorce on grounds of adultery. In support of her claim, she presents videotapes, taken by hidden cameras, that show me making love to… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:I VIDEO COME PROVA IN TRIBUNALE

Yellow highlight | Location: 907

With modern technology I do not, or at least soon will not, need your cooperation to make a film of you doing things; a reasonable… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:FABBRICARE VIDEI FALSI... E PROVE FALSE

Yellow highlight | Location: 912

There are possible technological fixes - ways of using encryption technology to build a camera that digitally signs its output, demonstrating that that sequence was… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x SOLUZIONE TECNOLOGOCA PER AUTENTICARE

Yellow highlight | Location: 919

SHOULD WE ABOLISH THE… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t DEPENALIZZAZIONE TOTALE

Yellow highlight | Location: 920

criminal law and… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 921

In the criminal system prosecution is controlled and… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x RUOLO DELLO STATO NELLA GIUSTIZIA

Yellow highlight | Location: 922

Criminal law provides a somewhat different range… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 925

is there any good reason to have both? Would we, for example, be better off… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x IL DUBBIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 926

One argument against such a pure tort system is that some offenses… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:ARGOMENTO PER LA LEGGE CRIMINALE

Yellow highlight | Location: 928

In Brin's world that problem vanishes. Every mugging is on tape.
Note:x LA SOC TRASP CAMBIA TUTTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 930

The normal crime becomes very much like the normal tort - an auto accident, say, where (except in the case of hit and run, which is a crime) the identity of the party and many of the relevant facts are public information.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 932

If someone steals your car you check the video record to identify the thief,… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Location: 935

Even as late as the eighteenth century, while the English legal system distinguished between torts and crimes, both were in practice… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:UN PO' DI STORIA: GB 700

Yellow highlight | Location: 938

WHERE WORLDS… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Location: 939

It does no good to use strong encryption for my email if a video mosquito is sitting on… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x COMBINAZIONE ENCRIPT E TS

Yellow highlight | Location: 940

privacy in a transparent society requires some way of guarding the interface between my… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:CORPI REALI E CORPI VIRTUALI

Yellow highlight | Location: 941

A low-tech solution is to type under a hood. A high-tech solution is some link between mind and machine that… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:x SOLUZIONI A BASSA E ALTA TECH

Yellow highlight | Location: 943

If we are sufficiently worried about other people hearing what we say, one solution is to encrypt… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:CRIPTARE ANCHE LE CONVERSAZIONI REALI

Yellow highlight | Location: 947

We could end up in a world where physical actions are entirely public, information… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:CORPI FISICI INTERAMENTE PUBBLICI CORPI VIRTUALI TRASPARENTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 948

Private citizens will still be able to take advantage of strong privacy to locate a hit man, but hiring him may cost more than they are willing to pay, since in a… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
x CASO DEL KILLER

HL Il monopolio di Apple sull'adolescenza - intro

Introduction Who Is iGen, and How Do We Know? iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood--and What That Means for the Rest of Us

Jean M. Twenge

Note:INTRO@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Location: 49

“We go to the mall,”
Note:IL PASSATEMPO

Yellow highlight | Location: 50

“No—I go with my family,” she says. “We’ll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them.
Note:ccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 58

Athena says she spent most of the summer hanging out by herself in her room with her phone.
Note:IN CAMERA AL TELEFONO

Yellow highlight | Location: 62

iGen has arrived. Born in 1995 and later, they grew up with cell phones,
Note:IGEN

Yellow highlight | Location: 68

“It’s like Apple has a monopoly on adolescence.”
Note:APPLE

Yellow highlight | Location: 71

teens from disadvantaged backgrounds now spend just as much time online as those with more resources—
Note:POVERI E RICCHI... IL GRAN MISCHIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 73

eighty times a day.
Note:CONTROLLO DELLO SMART

Yellow highlight | Location: 73

The i in iGen represents the individualism its members take for granted,
Note:INDIVIDUALISMO

Yellow highlight | Location: 79

They are obsessed with safety and fearful of their economic futures,
Note:PAURA

Yellow highlight | Location: 80

They are at the forefront of the worst mental health crisis in decades, with rates of teen depression and suicide skyrocketing since 2011.
Note:DEPRESSIONE E SUICIDI

Yellow highlight | Location: 81

iGen’ers are growing up more slowly: 18-year-olds now act like 15-year-olds
Note:BAMBINONI

Yellow highlight | Location: 84

(the extension of childhood into adolescence),
Note:cccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 86

decline in in-person social interaction),
Note:INTERAZIONE PERSONALE

Yellow highlight | Location: 87

decline in religion),
Note:FINE RELIGIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 88

decline in civic involvement),
Note:IMPEGNO CIVILE

Yellow highlight | Location: 89

Inclusive (acceptance, equality,
Note:TOLLERANTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 94

the Millennials, the generation born in the 1980s and early 1990s.
Note:MILLENNIALS

Yellow highlight | Location: 99

around 2012, I started seeing large, abrupt shifts in teens’ behaviors and emotional states.
Note:DAL GRADUALISMO AI MUTAMENTI REPENTINI

Yellow highlight | Location: 103

many of the large changes began around 2011 or 2012. That was too late to be caused by the Great Recession, which officially lasted from 2007 to 2009.
Note:LA CRISI NON C'ENTRA

Yellow highlight | Location: 105

2011–12 was exactly when the majority of Americans started to own cell phones
Note:C'ENTRA IL CELLULARE

Yellow highlight | Location: 111

The biggest difference between the Millennials and their predecessors was in worldview, with more focus on the self and less on social rules (thus the term Generation Me).
Note:IL NARCISISMO MILLENNIALS

Yellow highlight | Location: 112

with the popularity of the smartphone, iGen’ers differ most in how they spend their time.
Note:IGEN: TELEFONO E MODO DI OCCUPARE IL TEMPO

Yellow highlight | Location: 115

The Birth Year Cutoffs
Note:ttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 121

iGen’ers are the first generation to enter adolescence with smartphones
Note:I PRIMI ADOLESC CON SMARTPHONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 125

iGen begins with those born in 1995

Yellow highlight | Location: 126

In 2006, Facebook opened up to anyone over the age of 13—so those born since 1993 have been able to live their entire adolescence on
Note:FACEBOOK

Yellow highlight | Location: 130

the birth year span of iGen 1995–2012.
Note:NASCITA IGEN

Yellow highlight | Location: 142

The Name
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 162

The Data
Note:ttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 206

1. In the past 24 hours, did you spend at least an hour total texting on a cell phone? ______ 2. Do you have a Snapchat account? ______ 3. Do you consider yourself a religious person? ______ 4. Did you get your driver’s license by the time you turned 17? ______ 5. Do you think same-sex marriage should be legal? ______ 6. Did you ever drink alcohol (more than a few sips) by the time you turned 16? ______ 7. Did you fight with your parents a lot when you were a teen? ______ 8. Were more than one-third of the other students at your high school a different race than you? ______ 9. When you were in high school, did you spend nearly every weekend night out with your friends? _____ 10. Did you have a job during the school year when you were in high school? _____ 11. Do you agree that safe spaces and trigger warnings are good ideas and that efforts should be made to reduce microaggressions? _____ 12. Are you a political independent? _____ 13. Do you support the legalization of marijuana? _____ 14. Is having sex without much emotion involved desirable? _____ 15. When you were in high school, did you feel left out and lonely fairly often?
Note:QUIZ

Yellow highlight | Location: 235

The Demographics—and the World
Note:ttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 245

The Context
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 270

The Caveats
Note:ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Location: 271

I’m often asked questions such as “Why are you blaming the kids? Isn’t it the parents’ fault?” (Or “the Boomers’ fault?” or “GenX’ers fault?”) This question makes two false assumptions: first, it assumes that all generational changes are negative; second, it implies that a single cause (such as parenting) can be identified for each change.
Note:È UN ACCUSA AI GENITORI?

Yellow highlight | Location: 278

it’s not just parents, but technology, media, business, and education working together
Note:NON SOLO GENITORI

Yellow highlight | Location: 284

First, the two things must be correlated with each other. For example, we can see whether teens who spend more time on social media are more depressed. Second, the two things must change at the same time and in the correct direction. If social media use and depression both increase during the same years, one might cause the other.
ESPERIMENTO INTERESSANTE

Contante nemico della burocrazia - 6 ecash HL

ecash Future Imperfect: Technology and Freedom in an Uncertain World

David D. Friedman

One is that a seller does not have to know anything about me in order to accept cash. That makes money a better medium…
Note:VANTAGGI DEL CONTANTE. FIDUCIA

Yellow highlight | Location: 957

better medium for small transactions, since using cash avoids… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:EVITA COMMISSIONI

Yellow highlight | Location: 958

money leaves no paper trail, which is useful not only for criminals but for anyone who… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:PROTEGGE LA PRIVACY

Yellow highlight | Location: 960

The advantage of money is greater in cyberspace, since… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:NELLO CYBERSPAZIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 961

The disadvantage is less, since my ecash would be stored… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:NIENTE CASSEFORTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 962

Despite its potential usefulness, there is as yet no equivalent of… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:XCHÈ MANCA L ECASH?

Yellow highlight | Location: 963

The reason is in part the hostility of governments to competition in the money business, and in part the… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:RILUTTANZA DEI GOVERNI

Yellow highlight | Location: 965

giving at least one example of why it would be useful - for something more important than allowing men to look at pornography online without… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:OLTRE IL PORNO

Yellow highlight | Location: 966

SLICING SPAM
Note:IL PROBLEMA DELLE SPAM

Yellow highlight | Location: 969

There is a simple solution to this problem - so simple that I am surprised it is not yet in common use. The solution is to put a price on your mailbox.
Note:MAIL A PAGAMENTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 970

Give your email program a list of the people you wish to receive mail from. Mail from anyone not on the list is returned with a note explaining that you charge five cents to read mail from strangers - and the URL of the stamp machine. Five cents is a trivial cost to anyone with something to say
Note:SOLUZIONE 5 CENT

Yellow highlight | Location: 973

The stamp machine is located on a web page. The stamps are digital cash. Pay $10 from your credit card and you get in exchange 200 five-cent stamps - each a morsel of encrypted information that you can transfer to someone else who can in turn transfer it.
Note:FRANCOBOLLO

Yellow highlight | Location: 976

If lots of strangers choose to send me messages, I can accumulate a surplus
Note:SOLUZIONE MAIL

Yellow highlight | Location: 980

What is in it for the stamp machine - why would someone maintain such a system? Part of the answer is seigniorage
Note:SIGNORAGGIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 981

If your stamps are popular, many of them may stay in circulation for a long time - leaving the money that bought them in your bank account accumulating interest.
Note:INTERESSI DEL SIGNORAGGIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 983

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:PUBBLICITÀ

Yellow highlight | Location: 984

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:QUANDO L ECASH

Yellow highlight | Location: 986

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:PRIVACY

Yellow highlight | Location: 988

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 988

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:CONTRAFFAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 989

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:FIRMA DIGITALE

Yellow highlight | Location: 989

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:CHIAVE PRIVATA

Yellow highlight | Location: 992

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:QUANDO LA BANCA PAGA

Yellow highlight | Location: 992

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.

Yellow highlight | Location: 993

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:COPIARE LA MONETA

Yellow highlight | Location: 995

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:NUMERO IDENTIFICATIVO

Yellow highlight | Location: 998

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:NIENTE PRIVACY CON L ID

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,000

Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:FIRMA CIECA

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,007

Le istituzioni del futuro: contratti intelligenti e ipr-privatizzazioni a go go - cap. 15 (business)

New Institutions The Age of Em: Work, Love, and Life when Robots Rule the Earth

Robin Hanson

Note:@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,187

scholars have long been puzzled to see surprisingly little use of pay-for-performance, as when a lawyer is paid a fraction of a lawsuit’s winnings.
Note:PAGARE AL RISULTATO

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,191

Scholars are also puzzled to see that, when such performance rewards are used, they are only rarely corrected for outside influences over which the person has little control, such as in correcting the strike price of CEO stock options
Note:ROZZEZZA DEI CONTRATTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,193

lack of pay for performance is a puzzling lack of published track records for professionals, and customer disinterest in such records.
Note:TRACK RECORD FANTASMA

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,194

clients do not see lawyer win-loss records,
Note:cccccccc

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,197

Instead of track records, customers prefer to rely on personal impressions, referrals from friends,
Note:PRESTIGIO

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,203

bundle health and life insurance to make our doctors feel more concern
Note:DOTTORI E ASSICURAZIONI

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,204

Parents and teachers might work harder if they owned a share of their childrens’ future income.
Note:LE AZIONI DELLO STUDENTE

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,209

services could be usefully priced, with such prices varying more with context. For example, theaters, restaurants, and parking lots could have prices that vary more with internal location
Note:PREZZO E CONTESTO

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,213

projects that offer diffuse value to large diverse groups might instead be funded via “dominant assurance contracts,” wherein donations are conditional on funding targets being met (Tabarrok 1998
Note:DAC

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,216

vote selling where each buyer’s price of votes goes as the square of the number of votes purchased in each election (Lalley and Weyl 2014
Note:VOTI IN VENDITA

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,220

income taxes might vary more with parameters that predict an ability to earn income, such as body height and beauty do today (Mankiw and Weinzierl 2010).
Note:TASSARE ALTEZZA E BELLEZZA

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,223

transferable citizenships might let better citizens self-select into societies.
Note:CITTADINANZA

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,230

By randomly choosing a small jury of voters who will then decide an election, one might greatly increase the incentives of the voters who have been chosen to become informed (Levy 1989
Note:SISTEMI ELETTORALI

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,237

robust systems of secure anonymous decentralized transactions may be built on the recent innovation of block-chain
Note:BLOCKCHAIN... TRANSAZIONI MINIME E ANONIME

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,239

Such systems could support digital currencies, token systems, safe wallets, registration, identity, decentralized file storage, multi-signature escrow, consensus via rewarding those who best guess a consensus, financial derivatives including insurance and bets,
Note:SMART CONTRACT

Yellow highlight | Location: 3,244

two more types of promising new institutions: combinatorial auctions and prediction markets.
PREDICTION MARKET