martedì 6 marzo 2018

L'inutilità della musica

Ma sentite un po’ quell' impertinente di Steven Pinker sulla musica:
"… music is useless. It shows no signs of design for attaining a goal such as long life, grandchildren, or accurate perception and prediction of the world. Compared with language, vision, social reasoning, and physical know-how, music could vanish from our species and the rest of our lifestyle would be virtually unchanged…"
E il cosmologo John Barrow:
"... music has no role in survival of the species…"
Al coro si unisce nientemeno che Daniel Sperber:
"… music an evolutionary parasite…"
Mi piaceVedi altre reazioni
Commenta
Commenti
Riccardo Mariani Tenta di ribattere il neuroscienziato (e rocker) Daniel Levetin. Come? Dimostrando che le competenze sostanziali degli “educati” e dei “non educati” alla musica sono abbastanza simili. [n.b.: una competenza incorporata nel patrimonio genetico segnala l' importanza della stessa per la sopravvivenza della specie]. http://www.amazon.com/This-Your-Brain-Music.../dp/0452288525Gestire

Quel figlio che manca e che non possiamo permetterci

Quel figlio che manca e che non possiamo permetterci

Indovinello: perché quanto più ci arricchiamo tanti meno figli ci possiamo permettere? La ricorrente lamentela suona assurda: i nostri nonni – rispetto a noi dei pezzenti – ne avevano una marea. Come se non bastasse, nei paesi più poveri le famiglie sono più numerose.
Risposta sintetica: non è vero che non possiamo permetterci più figli, semplicemente non li desideriamo.
Risposta analitica in sette punti.
1) Il lavoro delle donne è più pagato e più soddisfacente che mai, dispiace sprecare questa occasione per avere un figlio in più.
2) Il divorzio non è mai stato tanto accessibile, è chiaro che il costo emotivo di una simile pratica cresce al crescere dei figli in ballo.
3) La competizione per lo status non si fa sul numero dei figli ma sulle opportunità che si offrono a ciascuno di loro. Tali opportunità sono esplose sia numericamente sia nel prestigio sociale che conferiscono (dalle scuole costose alle vacanze esotiche non c’è limite di spesa). Una volta potevi metterti il cuore in pace e dire: “ho fatto tutto per lui”, oggi ti senti sempre di poter fare di più (specie se lo ha già fatto il tuo vicino). In questo senso il cane sostituisce bene il figlio: offre compagnia e, per ora, non ci mette in competizione per lo status.
4) La competizione per lo status si fa prevalentemente sulla casa, che deve essere costosa e collocata in un posto prestigioso (ovvero dove tutto è costoso). Ma tanti figli richiedono case grandi, e in questo modo i costi esplodono.
5) Oggi il sesso del nascituro non è importante, cosicché non si prosegue a filiare fino all’arrivo del maschietto.
6) Siamo meno religiosi e quindi meno ansiosi di fare della famiglia un luogo di realizzazione personale e trasmissione di verità profonde.
7) La famiglia estesa declina e anche i nonni, avendo molte più alternative per vivere con soddisfazione la loro vecchiaia, talvolta non gradiscono la cura continuata dei nipoti. Lo stesso dicasi per le ragazzine che una volta trovavano nel babysitting l’unica possibilità di arrotondare e si offrivano a frotte.
***
Conclusione: oggi potremmo permetterci molti più figli dei nostri nonni ma la nostra cultura ci porta a desiderare altro.
Soluzione: creare  insieme ad altri sodali un’ enclave culturale rispetto al mainstream e lì dentro far figli a volontà.
L'immagine può contenere: una o più persone, persone in piedi, cielo e spazio all'aperto

CHAPTER 10 Why (Low) Life Imitates Art

CHAPTER 10 Why (Low) Life Imitates Art
Note:10@@@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Page: 251
emerge from interaction between criminals and the outside world:
Note:CODICI CHE SFRUTTANO IL MONDO ESTERNO

Yellow highlight | Page: 251
folk stories—are sometimes recycled by criminals
Yellow highlight | Page: 251
signs have nothing to do with crime.
Yellow highlight | Page: 251
the influence of cinema,
Yellow highlight | Page: 251
THE CASE OF JUZO ITAMI
Note:Ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 251
Japanese film director Juzo Itami
Note:GRANE CON LA Y. PUNITO X UNA SATIRA

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
yakuza gangsters are depicted “as crude bullies who are outsmarted and eventually beaten by a female lawyer.”
Note:RAPPRESENTAZIONE UMILIANTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
yakuza once were also the pampered darlings of the Japanese B-movie industry.
Note:Y COCCA DEL CINEMA

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
their own code of morality,
Note:COSA POSSIEDE Y

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
help the weak
Note:VIRTÚ Y

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
do not contain the essential theme of social mobility but rather stress the immutability
Note:DIFFERENZA CON I WESTERN

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
nostalgia for a preindustrial past.
Note:TIPICO

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
Kabuki theater:
Note:FONTE D ISPIRAZ

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
litanies of private argot, subtle body language,
Note:Cosa SONO QUEI FILM

Yellow highlight | Page: 252
“real mobsters in Japan are among the greatest fans of this cinematic genre,
Note:I FAN

Note | Page: 252
FAN... I VERI CRIMIN

Yellow highlight | Page: 253
Movies that make mobsters look vicious are actually good publicity,
Note:UNA BUONA PUBBLICITÀ

Yellow highlight | Page: 254
Itami's film is unique in displaying mobsters' faults in their own professional terms.
Note:PERCHÈ Y SE L È PRESA

Yellow highlight | Page: 254
Roberta Torre's farcical musical (Tano to Die For), a parody of Sicilian mafiosi,
Note:ALTRO CASO PIÚ UNICO CHE RARO

Yellow highlight | Page: 254
her film also makes fun of the antimafia people,
Note:REAZIONE DIVERSA... Il FILM LA BUTTA IN CACIARE

Yellow highlight | Page: 254
paid 15,000 euros to the boss of La Vucciria,
Note:LA PRODUZIONE...

Yellow highlight | Page: 255
EXTORTION AND PROTECTION
Note:Ttttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 255
In order to shoot in peace and enjoy the collaboration of the locals,
Note:PAGARE X GIRARE A HK

Yellow highlight | Page: 255
the crew came under pressure from locals
Note:DICE TK PER IL SG

Yellow highlight | Page: 255
“You are taking pictures of my windows and you must pay
Note:ARGOMENTI USATI

Yellow highlight | Page: 255
the crowd gets out of the camera's way and everybody becomes cooperative. Sometimes the Carabinieri themselves
Note:SE IL BOSS BENEDICE LE RIPRESE

Yellow highlight | Page: 256
The industry itself has often used “muscle” to control its labor force or stifle the competition.
Note:UTILIZZO DELLA MAFIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 256
Anthony Quinn in a show of solidarity with the Gambino family boss. Rourke said that he and “Mr. Gotti were friends.
Note:SODALIZIO STAR MAFIOSI

Yellow highlight | Page: 256
few cases of mobsters turning into producers.
Note:IL CASO ESTREMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 257
The main business of a well-functioning mafia is protection,
Note:MEGLIO LA DIVISIONE DEL LAVORO

Yellow highlight | Page: 257
are small, there are low entry costs, they are unionized, they have lots of unskilled labor, and they need low technology.
Note:I SETTORI CHE ATTRAGGONO LA MAFIA.... I B MOVIE RIENTRANO

Yellow highlight | Page: 257
ART IMITATES LOW LIFE
Note:Tttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 258
Scriptwriters have ransacked the underworld for stories. Nick Pileggi,
Note:STORIE VERE SACCHEGGIATE

Yellow highlight | Page: 258
Wiseguys and Casino,
Yellow highlight | Page: 258
Donnie Brasco,
Yellow highlight | Page: 258
“read his way through a mountain of Senate hearings
Note:IL PUZO DEL PADRINO

Yellow highlight | Page: 259
1990s, the FBI tapped the phones of some New Jersey mafiosi.
Note:MAFIOSI VERI CHE CRITICANO I FINTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 259
The crew of The Godfather and its actors happily communed with the “boys.” James Caan was seen in the company of Carmine “The Snake” Persico so often that the FBI thought he was part of that crew.
Note:MAFIOSI FINTI VCHE FTREQ MAF VGERI

Yellow highlight | Page: 259
“Now, why couldn't you have made me more sympathetic?
Note:LA TELEFONATA DEL MAFIOSO VERO

Yellow highlight | Page: 259
A whole demimonde has grown around the industry of mob movies,
Note:IL MONDO DEI CONTATTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 260
Liz Hurley, the British actress who produced Mickey Blue Eyes, “lavishes praise on Musacchia, whom she refers to as the link between the likes of Al Pacino, Johnny Depp and Barry Levinson and the kind of men who could be on F.B.I. surveillance lists.”
Note:ELOGIO DI MUSACCHIA IL LINK DEI DUE MONDI

Yellow highlight | Page: 260
There are a “tiny” number of men with a criminal past “who are getting parts
Note:NNOSTANTE IL LINK

Yellow highlight | Page: 260
there is no record of serious actors becoming mobsters.
Note:VALE ANCHE L INVERSO

Yellow highlight | Page: 260
Noboru Ando, once the boss of a Tokyo crime family,
Note:ECCEZINE

Yellow highlight | Page: 261
“All yakuza have to be actors to survive”
Note:TUTTI I M. SONO UN PO ATTORI

Yellow highlight | Page: 261
the last thing they want is to be seen as impostors.
Note:ATTORI KA NN IMPOSTIRI. X QS STANNO LONYANI DAL CINE

Yellow highlight | Page: 261
LOW LIFE IMITATES ART
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Page: 261
Swiss accounts used one of two code names—Kaiser for those opened by Ibrahim Abacha and Soze for his brother Mohammed.
Note:IL NOME DATO AI CONTI DALLA M. NiGERIANA

Yellow highlight | Page: 262
doing like in the book…. They disguised themselves as doctors and killed [Candido Ciuni, a hotel manager] in his [hospital] bed.”
Note:IMITATW LE AZIONI DEL DRINO

Yellow highlight | Page: 262
they followed “the same technique we saw in films.”
Note:LE BRIGATE ROSSE SI FINANZ CON LE RAPINE

Yellow highlight | Page: 262
takes his life to make sure his relatives will not suffer from his behavior.
Note:UNA TECNICA INAUGURATA NEI FILM...IL SUICIDIO

Yellow highlight | Page: 263
He believed that a Hollywood genre he calls the “comedy of apocalypse” may have been a contributory factor in the staging of the 9/11 terrorist attacks
Note:ALTMAN SUL 9/11

Yellow highlight | Page: 263
‘Haven't they ever heard of the Bill of Rights? Tell them to go over there and read it.’ In 1959, when Rod Steiger played Al Capone, he used the same line.”
Note:LOCASIO RIPETE LE PAROLE DI AL CAPONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 264
CONVENTIONS
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Page: 264
criminals need conventional signals to communicate
Note:IL PROBLEMA DEL COOR...IL CINEMA PROVVEDE

Yellow highlight | Page: 264
Movies can accidentally offer some solutions
Yellow highlight | Page: 265
The soundtrack acts as an icon that gives a clear meaning without constituting evidence of affiliation.
Note:SIGNIFICATO SENZA EVISENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 265
1912
Yellow highlight | Page: 265
Musketeers of Pig Alley,
Yellow highlight | Page: 265
the protagonists wear suits and hats, and that Al Capone and the Chicago mob adopted the movie tradition.
Note:AIL GUARDAROBA DEL GANGSTER... UN FILM SEMINALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 266
Without movies we would still have gangsters. We did have them. But without films, mobsters would need different sources for their conventional signals.
Note:UN MONDO SENZA FILM

Yellow highlight | Page: 266
Knowing how to behave has been a serious headache for the many new gangs that have sprouted in Russia since 1989.
Note:IN RUSSIA NIENTE FILM... Si IMITA L AMERICA

Yellow highlight | Page: 266
Others in Russia have looked to Sicily, as mediated by fiction, as a source of inspiration.
Note:c

Yellow highlight | Page: 267
transmitting conventional codes to younger
Note:ALTRA FUNZIONE ASSOLTA DAL CINEMA

Yellow highlight | Page: 267
would-be mobsters
Yellow highlight | Page: 267
Le Carré said that young spies have looked at his books as a source on which to tailor their demeanor and vocabulary.
Note:IL CINEMA HA UN RUOLO PREMINENTE NELLE PROFESSIONI DOVE IL SEGRETO È TUTTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 267
“went to work on a college internship for an investment bank in New York.
Note:COME DEVO VESTIRMI?…GUARDA I FILM GIUSTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 267
“The Medieval European aristocrats, from the 13th century on, emulated the actions they admired in books.
Note:ANCHE NEL MEDIOEVO

Yellow highlight | Page: 268
having commonly shared and stable conventions.
Note:QUANDO L ARTE È IMPORTANTE...PRIMA CONDIZIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 268
need for secrecy,
Note:SECONDA

Yellow highlight | Page: 268
ADVERTISING
Note:t

Yellow highlight | Page: 268
Mobsters benefit from and revel in the publicity they vicariously get from movies about them.
Note:I FILM SONO LA PUBBLICITÀ DELLA MAFIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 268
inform their own audience that they are those whom the movie really talks about—
Note:A VOLTE IL PRODOTTO SEGUE LA PUBBLICITÀ

Yellow highlight | Page: 268
Lucky Luciano
Yellow highlight | Page: 268
His contribution to local culture was to provide financial backing for the opening of the first cinema in the village.
Note:LL INVESTE NEI CINEMA

Yellow highlight | Page: 269
best free mafia advertising is undoubtedly The Godfather.
Note:IL PICCO

Yellow highlight | Page: 269
Sammy “The Bull” Gravano,
Yellow highlight | Page: 269
saw The Godfather in 1972, and later acknowledged that “[Puzo] influenced the life, absolutely.”
Note:SG STREGATO DAL PADRINO

Yellow highlight | Page: 269
Louise Milito,
Yellow highlight | Page: 269
Louie watched it like six thousand times.
Note:UN ALTRO STREGATO DAL PADRINO

Yellow highlight | Page: 270
it boosted their sense of their own legitimacy.
Note:IL PADRINO LEGITTIMAW

Yellow highlight | Page: 270
John Abbott, director general of the British National Criminal Intelligence Service, has openly blamed films, such as Lock Stock and Two Smoking Barrels and Snatch, both by director Guy Ritchie, for glamorizing and thus encouraging organized crime.
Note:ACCUSE AI FILM GLAMOUR SUL CRIMINE

Yellow highlight | Page: 270
That's just like I felt when I killed Joe Colucci.
Note:GRAVANO SI IDENTIFICA

Yellow highlight | Page: 271
The Godfather transfixed not just the Italian American mobsters or their Sicilian cousins. Denizens of the underworld loved it in Hong Kong, in Japan, and in Russia—for all of whom the film was even less realistic. According to Nikolai Modestov, the mobsters of Sergei Frolov's Balashikha gang could recite parts of the Godfather films by heart.89 It was a truly global movie,
Note:UNIVERSALITÀ DEL PADRINO

Yellow highlight | Page: 272
In 1999, discussing the movie with Jeffrey Goldberg, Steven Kaplan, allegedly John Gotti Jr.’s bodyguard, revealed how much the film is valued by its models to this day: One evening earlier this month, while debating the strengths of various mob movies, Kaplan lavishly praised “The Godfather.” I [Goldberg] countered that “The Godfather,” while hugely entertaining, kept alive destructive myths, and suggested “Donnie Brasco” as a compelling depiction of hard-luck mob life. It is for this reason that “Donnie Brasco” is not popular in certain circles. Kaplan's eyes grew beady, and he said, very slowly, in a manner meant to preclude further dissent, “The Godfather” is a better movie.93
Note:PADRINO VS DONNIE BRASCO NELL IMMAGINARIO CRIMINALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 272
Goodfellas, by Pileggi and Scorsese, is a much more realistic movie also, which, as film critic Jim Shepard said, is “littered with the corpses of guys who thought they were in a movie called The Godfather”
Note:GOODFELLAS: FILM SU MAFIOSI CHE VIVONO COME SE FOSSERO IN UN FILM

Yellow highlight | Page: 272
Donnie Brasco is arguably one of the best mob movies ever made on the subject (it took a British director who went to public school to portray effectively this society of men, their weaknesses and quirks, the mutual intimidation, the paranoia, the subjugation, the displays of power). But precisely because of its realism, because it portrays a case in which mobsters were conned by an astute undercover agent, it is unpopular with gangsters. Advertising is not supposed to dwell on shortcomings.
Note:DONNIE RONNIE ASCO. TROPPO REALISTICO PER FARE DA PUBBLICITÀ

Yellow highlight | Page: 273
According to James Gandolfini, the actor who played Tony Soprano, the series was closely monitored by mobsters, who did not hesitate to pass their verdicts on the show and let the actors know if their behavior did not ring true.
IL VIA LIBERA DEI BOSS AI SOPRANO

CHAPTER 4 Why Prisoners Fight (and Signal)

CHAPTER 4 Why Prisoners Fight (and Signal)
Note:la violenza serve anche a comunicarela violenza spietata nn è sintomo di crudeltà ma serve a costruire reputazoonestudio della violenza tra i carcerati: il metcato nero

Note | Page: 78
4@@@@@@@@

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
violence is dramatically more common in the underworld
Note:AMMETTIAMOLO

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
success in the underworld is often decided by violence,
Note:SUCCESSO E VIOLENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
communication and violence are closely connected.
Note:NEMMENO LA VIOLENZA È BRUTA

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
rational criminals can be expected to minimize violence whenever they can achieve the same results
Note:IL CRIMINALE RAZIONALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
Nonviolent display-acts of strength or threats are quintessentially communicative
Note:L OTTIMO

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
reveal one's true violent potential
Note:OBBIETTIVO DELLA VIOLENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 78
create a useful reputation
Note:A CGE SERVE LA VIOLENZA

Yellow highlight | Page: 79
goods are allocated under prison rules or at the discretion of prison authorities. Others are distributed via informal markets created by prisoners,
Note:I BENI IN PRIGIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 79
an inmate cannot normally select the inmates with whom to associate.
Note:ALTRA CARATTERISTICA DELLA VITA CARCERARIA

Yellow highlight | Page: 79
Prisons are a near perfect natural environment for understanding how humans communicate
Note:L ESPERIMENTO XFETTO

Yellow highlight | Page: 79
“Scarcity and deprivation make inmates particularly alert to the immediate effects of their actions and to resulting payoffs,”
Note:LA COSA INTERESSANTE

Yellow highlight | Page: 80
VIOLENCE AND INFORMATION: HYPOTHESES
Note:Tttttttttt

Yellow highlight | Page: 80
not enjoy fighting for the pleasure of inflicting or receiving pain. “Psychos” are an exception,
Note:PSICOPATI I

Yellow highlight | Page: 80
prefer not fighting to fighting,
Note:PREFERENZA SEGRETA

Yellow highlight | Page: 80
fighting is not undertaken lightly.
Note:CONFERMATO DA TITTI

Yellow highlight | Page: 80
not want to fight but did so because they saw no other option.
Note:REGOLA

Yellow highlight | Page: 81
research on fighting and assessment in animals.
Note:FACILITA LA COMPRENSIONE

Yellow highlight | Page: 81
establish their mutual positions in the prison “hierarchy” of violence potential by communicative means.
Note:UNO... COME SI DELINEA LA GERARCHIA... SEGNALI

Yellow highlight | Page: 81
Any condition that promotes the knowledge of each other's fighting prowess
Note:COSA DIMINUISCE LA VIOLENZA?

Yellow highlight | Page: 81
tagged by a mark that accurately reveals his disposition for
Note:PRIGIONE IDEALE

Yellow highlight | Page: 81
prowess
DA FINIRE

L'opposizione liberale alla rivoluzione francese

Edmund Burke, un figlio dell'illuminismo di Locke e Montesquieu, si oppose sempre alla rivoluzione francese in un'ottica liberale e pluralista. Sprezzava sia la posizione anticristiana di Voltaire che la religiosità al contenpo ambigua, emotiva e fanatica di Rousseau.
Gertrude Himmelfarb's elegant and wonderfully readable work, The Roads to Modernity, reclaims the Enlightenment from historians who have downgraded its importance and…
AMAZON.COM

La libertà dell'aspirante

Noi possiamo decidere se perseguire ciò che vogliamo ma possiamo anche decidere che cosa volere. La nostra libertà è condizionata ma radicale.
And what does “The Breakfast Club” have to do with it?
NYTIMES.COM

Più Cartesio sui social

Senza la capacità di dividere i problemi e affrontarli separatamente ci si ritrova di continuo nella palude di fronte a un super-mega-blob dall'aspetto inquietante.
È chiaro che di fronte a un simile "mostro" ognuno può dire quello che gli pare, per questo la lacuna di cui sopra più che un errore a volte mi sembra una strategia.