mercoledì 16 marzo 2016

Fourteen How to Read the News - More Sex Is Safer Sex: The Unconventional Wisdom of Economics by Steven E. Landsburg

Fourteen How to Read the News - More Sex Is Safer Sex: The Unconventional Wisdom of Economics by Steven E. Landsburg - #nerialpostodiblocco #deterrenzaorisultati? #kansascityoneworleans? #chiusoilmercatodeipoveri #rischidiversi #co2eparcheggi #naziorazzismo
Fourteen How to Read the NewsRead more at location 2274
Note: Le tasse equalizzano le culture, specie le culture intorno al rischio. Il caso della protezione civile a New Orleans Carbon tax: la coscienza critica è un sostituto delle tasse. Se le due cose si sommano si produce inefficienza. Anche x qs sarebbe meglio tassare i parcheggi: nessuno si sente in colpa parcheggiando gratuitamente Perchè mai una CT dovrebbe finanziare progetti di energie alternative e nn una manifestaxione rock o corsi di cucina. Il benessere sociale è in fondo il vero obiettivo Dazi. Compra italiano! Ora, sostituite italiano con "bianco" Edit
Note: 14@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit
Racial ProfilingRead more at location 2280
If you were driving along the MarylandRead more at location 2280
Blacks were three-and-a-half times as likely as whites to be stopped and searched.Read more at location 2281
Note: NERI AL POSTO DI BLOCCO Edit
Among whites who were stopped, about one-third of one percent were caught with drugs. Among blacks who were stopped, the fraction was—almost exactly the same. Aha! So blacks and whites are equally prone to carry drugs. The police must be racists. No? Think again. Remember that blacks carried drugsRead more at location 2283
Note: BECCATI CON LA ROBA Edit
just as frequently as whites even though they were three-and-a-half times as likely to be stopped. Imagine how many more drugs they’d have carried if they’d been treated equally!Read more at location 2286
By that standard, it’s not blacks but Hispanics who have cause for complaint. Stopped Hispanics are only about a third as likely to be carrying drugs as stopped whites or stopped blacks. Why would the police stop a Hispanic who has a one-ninth of one percent chance of carrying drugs instead of a black or white who has a one-third of one percent chance of carrying drugs? Arguably, it’s because they have something against Hispanics.Read more at location 2301
Note: RAZZISMO VS GLI ISPANICI. TROPPI BLOCCHI RISPETTO ALLA PROB. DI ARRESTO Edit
So you might think a committed Drug Warrior would applaud a police policy of maximizing drug convictions. Think again. If you really want to retard drug traffic, you should maximize not convictions, but deterrence. And to maximize deterrence, you should probably stop more whites, because there are more whites in the population to deter.Read more at location 2312
Note: DETERRENZA E SEQUESTRI N SONO LA STESSA COSA Edit
Searching mostly blacks can be simultaneously a very good way to make lots of drug arrests and a very poor way to slow down drug traffic. That’s because it advertises to whites that they have little to fear from the police, which emboldens more whites to carry drugs. And because there are so many white people around, this effect can be quite large. After all, one-third of one percent of whites represents a lot more motorists—and a lot more drugs—than one-third of one percent of blacks.Read more at location 2315
Note: LA DETERRENZA SU BIANCHI E NERI È LA STESSA MA I BIANCHI SONO DI PIÙ Edit
fewer arrests (to appeal to the libertarians) and greater deterrenceRead more at location 2319
Note: MENO ARRESTI E PIÙ DETERRENZA Edit
Disaster ReliefRead more at location 2323
Note: DISASTRI NATURALI Edit
If the government stands ready to (literally) bail out New Orleans by raising taxes in Kansas City, then New Orleans housing prices rise and Kansas City housing prices fall. You can no longer escape the risk of a flood by moving to Kansas City; you can no longer reap the benefits of accepting the full risk by moving to New Orleans.Read more at location 2335
Note: IL GIOCO KANSAS CITY NEW ORLEANS Edit
That’s no clear improvement for anyone. Those who preferred to accept some risk are now forced to live more expensively;Read more at location 2337
It’s good to have cities with different cultures,Read more at location 2340
Note: W LA DIVERSITÀ. ANCHE NEI RISCHI Edit
it’s good to have cities with different musical heritages, and it’s good to have cities with different risk characteristics.Read more at location 2340
poor people are disproportionately hurt when disaster-assistance policies make cheap housing more expensive.Read more at location 2342
Global Warming, Local CrowdingRead more at location 2398
Note: GW Edit
Feeling guilty about your car’s contribution to global warming? Feel guilty no longer; you can buy a TerraPass. Just go to http://www.terrapass.com and use the handy calculator to determine how much money you should send in to salve your conscience.Read more at location 2399
Note: PROBLEMI DI COSCIENZA? Edit
But here TerraPass fails badly on two counts: first, it “taxes” only those who already feel guilty enough to buy a TerraPass;Read more at location 2403
Note: IL TERRAPASS TASSA SOLO I PIÙ COSCIENZIOSI Edit
Second, unlike a gas tax, the TerraPass does absolutely nothing to raise the cost of driving an additional mile—which is precisely what it must do to get incentives right. The TerraPass calculator tells me that for my make and model of car, I should pay $49.95 a year if I drive less than 20,000 miles; $79.95 a year if I drive more. As I inch up from 10,000 miles to 12,000 to 15,000, I feel no additional costs whatsoever.Read more at location 2405
Note: IL TERRAPASS INVITA A GUIDARE DI PIÙ Edit
My $49.95 might (or might not) do a lot more good backing a garage band or invested in General Electric than supporting a clean-energy project.Read more at location 2410
My carbon-dioxide emissions cause about $50 worth of damage each year. But my parking—on public streets where I take up valuable real estate—imposes far greater costs.Read more at location 2415
Note: PARCHEGGI E CO2 Edit
Professor Donald Shoup of UCLA, who wrote a deeply thoughtful book on the matter called The High Cost of Free Parking. Urban on-street parking is almost always underpriced, which is why you can almost never find a spot.Read more at location 2418
Note: DONALD SHOUP Edit
It is crazy to feel guilty about dirtying the atmosphere without feeling even guiltier about clogging city streets.Read more at location 2422
The issue is your contribution to global warming versus your contribution to urban congestion.Read more at location 2424
we could just price parking appropriately. As Professor Shoup points out, we already pay a high price for parking; it’s just that we pay it indirectly “in our roles as consumers, investors, workers, residents, and taxpayers.”Read more at location 2432
The New RacismRead more at location 2499
Note: NUOVO RAZZISMO Edit
phrases like: “Federal contracts, whenever possible, should be performed by white workers.” Politicians demanded tax incentives to reward firms for hiring whites instead of blacks.Read more at location 2500
When I say this kind of thing was commonplace “not long ago,” I really mean not long ago. Except for one morally insignificant difference, I got all of the above from John Kerry’s Web site. The only change I made is this: where Kerry said “American,” I substituted “white.”Read more at location 2503
Note: RAZZISMO E NAZIONALISMO

Eleven The High Price of Motherhood - More Sex Is Safer Sex: The Unconventional Wisdom of Economics by Steven E. Landsburg

Eleven The High Price of Motherhood - More Sex Is Safer Sex: The Unconventional Wisdom of Economics by Steven E. Landsburg - #famigliaecarriera #causalitàocorrelazione #abortoallastessaetà #cercatoallastessaetà #nonvolutoallastessaetà #economistieprovettesporche
Eleven The High Price of MotherhoodRead more at location 1857
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difficult trade-offs between family and career. Amalia Miller, a young economist at the University of Virginia, has thought hard about those trade-offs.Read more at location 1859
Note: AMALIA MILLER FAMIGLIA E CARRIERA Edit
On average, a woman in her twenties will increase her lifetime earnings by 10 percent if she delays the birth of her first child by a year.Read more at location 1860
Note: RITARDO MATERNITÀ E REDDITO Edit
For college-educated women, the effects are even bigger.Read more at location 1862
So if you have your first child at 24 instead of 25, you’re giving up 10 percent of your lifetime earnings.Read more at location 1863
A woman who gives birth at 24 might be a different sort of person from a woman who gives birth at 25,Read more at location 1868
Note: PRIMA DIFFICOLTÀ Edit
Maybe the 24-year-old is less ambitious.Read more at location 1869
maybe the 24-year-old started her family sooner precisely because she already saw that her career was going badly.Read more at location 1870
Instead of comparing random 24-year-old mothers with random 25-year-old mothers, she effectively compared 24-year-old mothers with 25-year-old mothers who had miscarried at 24.Read more at location 1871
Note: FIGLIO A 25 MA ABORTO A 24 Edit
But the comparison is still imperfect. Maybe miscarriages and low wages have a common cause—poor health, for example.Read more at location 1874
Note: OBIEZIONE Edit
Let’s compare 25-year-old mothers with those 24-year-old mothers who conceived while using birth control. Now you’ve got two groups of women, none of whom wanted to be pregnant at 24.Read more at location 1877
Note: ALTERNATIVA: CONFRONTARE DUE GRAVIDANZE NN VOLUTE Edit
Again, the experiment is imperfect. Getting pregnant while on birth control might be a symptom of carelessness, and carelessness can be a liability in the workplace.Read more at location 1879
Note: OBIEZIONE: TRASCURATEZZA Edit
a bunch of women who all report that they’d been trying to get pregnant since they were 23. Some succeeded at 24; others at 25.Read more at location 1880
Note: DONNE CHE TENTANO ALLA STESSA ETÀ Edit
None of these experiments—the miscarriage experiment, the birth-control experiment, and the “trying to get pregnant” experiment—is perfect, but all three point to the same conclusion.Read more at location 1882
In this case, the result is that early motherhood is not only correlated with low wages; it actually causes them. That’s largely what good empirical economics is about—finding thoughtful and creative ways to distinguish between correlation and causation.Read more at location 1885
Note: ESSENZA DELLA BUONA STATISTICA Edit
Reminding an economist that correlation does not imply causation is like reminding a chemist to be sure his test tubes are clean.Read more at location 1889
Note: ECONOMISTI E RUBINETTI