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martedì 4 aprile 2017

Consigli per trovare un buon posto dove mangiare

Qualche dritte dall’economista Tyler Cowen (The Rules for Finding a Good Place to Eat – An economist get lunch).
L’obbiettivo è quello di ottimizzare il rapporto qualità/prezzo in assenza di informazioni precise. Ottimizzare la qualità è troppo semplice: basta la guida Michelin).
Per “degustare” chiedete pure al gourmet ma per “scovare” chiedete invece all’economista e al sociologo. 
***
Se qualcuno dice di aver fatto una buona colazione al bar dell’ospedale un certo scetticismo è giustificato…
… “I went to a hospital cafeteria the other day and ate a fantastic lunch.” No you didn’t. Hospital cafeterias are not profit centers for hospitals nor significant elements in their overall reputation…
Nessuno va all’ospedale in cerca di buone colazioni, di conseguenza sarà difficile che qualcuno perda tempo ad offrirle. Inoltre la concorrenza tra ospedali è scarsa, la colazione non è quindi nemmeno un’arma concorrenziale.
***
A tavola la materia prima conta, e la materia prima costa…
… The American restaurants with excellent fresh ingredients—the ones good enough to serve naked on a plate—commonly cost fifty dollars and up for dinner…
L’esempio del MASA dice tutto…
… New York’s Masa is commonly regarded as one of the best restaurants in the United States and it is arguably the best sushi place. The chef-owner has hired a personal fish shopper in the Tsukiji fish market in Tokyo and that shopper rushes the fish to the airport to take a direct flight to New York City, namely JAL 006. Once the fish clears customs, a van driver calls Masa and tells them what time the catch will be arriving. The basic prix fixe dinner at Masa goes for $450…
Se il vostro budget è modesto meglio evitare i piatti dove la materia prima conta troppo…
… Avoid dishes that are ingredients-intensive. Raw ingredients in America—vegetables, butter, bread, meats, and so on—are below world standards. Even most underdeveloped countries have better raw ingredients than…
Puntare su creatività e assemblaggio
… Go for dishes that are composition-intensive…
Naturalmente questo consiglio dipende da dove vi trovate…
… In Haiti and Thailand, I’ve seen fishermen on their boats pulling out the fish or conch from the sea while I am eating the morning catch for lunch. It doesn’t need an amazing sauce or an innovative preparation to be superb… but… The United States is a country where the human beings are extremely creative but the tomatoes are not extraordinarily fresh…
Persino in città ci sono posti strategici, almeno un tempo c’erano…
… In the old days, Parisian restaurants located themselves near butchers so as to receive choice cuts, entrails, and innards quickly and easily…
Lontani dai posti strategici meglio: arricchire, cambiare, combinare
… Let’s say I am in a Bolivian restaurant in suburban America. There’s a good chance I will ask for the silpancho, a specialty of the Cochabamba region. There is a plain steak in the dish, but it’s not just sitting out there on the plate. Underneath are rice and potatoes, and piled on top is scrambled egg, tomatoes, onions, and, on the side, green chili sauce. The sauce is not to be missed. The steak does not have to be that good for the overall meal to be delicious…
Ci sono poi ingredienti che viaggiano meglio di altri, puntare su quelli…
… Some raw ingredients travel well, such as dried chili peppers and seed-based spices… But trying to replicate Bresson chicken, Turkish eggplant, or Hong Kong scallops is going to be much, much harder because those ingredients are harder to preserve across long journeys. They have to be refrigerated or frozen and they arrive battered and somewhat tasteless, unless you pay to have them flown in and handled by specialists…
***
Ma torniamo al bar dell’ospedale. Perché la sua qualità è presumibilmente bassa?: perché la gente è lì per andare all’ospedale non al bar. E’ l’ospedale che finanzia il bar non viceversa (cross-subsidation).
Facciamo un esempio eloquente di cross-subsidiation: avente mai mangiato a Las Vegas?…
… The very best Las Vegas restaurants are located well behind the casinos and slot machines, not in front of them. The hope is that people will stop and gamble on their way to and from the good food….
Qui alcuni ristoranti finanziano i Casinò (la gente va a mangiare e poi già che è lì fa una puntatina), altri sono finanziati dal Casinò (ci vanno i giocatori in pausa pranzo). I primi stanno semi-nascosti sul retro, e sono quelli di qualità. I secondi stanno in bella vista di fronte al Casinò, e sono pessimi.
***
Come si mangia in aereo?
Prima della deregolamentazione, quando i prezzi erano molto alti, si mangiava bene (anche l’aragosta), era un modo per attrarre i clienti. Ce n’erano pochi e venivano contesi, alla fine l’aragosta faceva la differenza. Nessuno va in aereo per mangiare – esattamente come nessuno va all’ospedale per fare colazione – ma qui la concorrenza spietata fa la differenza…
… When prices of air flights were held artificially high by law, before deregulation in the 1970s, airline food was often excellent. They served lobster to attract more customers, and they knew they could make up for the lobster by charging the higher regulated fare they were forced to charge… the desire to compete for high-fare passengers forced the airlines to make the service as good as possible and that included delicious food…
Con la deregolamentazione la concorrenza si fa sui prezzi.
***
La cross-subsidiation non è universale, a volte siamo in presenza di pura vendita, per esempio nel caso dei distributori automatici. In Giappone si vende molta roba tramite i distributori. Qual è la qualità in questi casi?…
… The vending machine shows you what food looks like when there is no cross-subsidy. When you are buying food from a vending machine, it is a relatively pure transaction. You give up the money; you get the food. There’s no décor, no service, no ancillary products, no nothing, other than the swap of specified assets. And what do we know about food from vending machines? It’s reliable but it’s hardly ever special….
Un caso classico di cross-subsidiation al ristorante sono le bevande. Chiedetevi da dove vengono i soldi del ristorante…
… Restaurants make a lot of their money off the drinks…
Il business plan del ristorante…
… In essence, they are supplying food as a kind of window dressing to lure customers in for some other purpose, namely high-priced liquids. It might seem that if you don’t buy the drinks, and don’t mind settling for plain tap water, you can’t lose…
Una simile strategia implica mark up elevatissimi sulle bevande
… you pay $2.50 for the drink, and it seems that the Coke itself costs the restaurant less than twenty cents… A markup on a beer can run up to 500 percent…
Le bevande sono un modo per attuare discriminazioni di prezzo
… High prices for drinks are often a form of price discrimination, an economic term which refers to the extraction of additional money from the people willing to pay more for the product…
Come funziona questa strategia?…
… The market for dining therefore has (at least) two kinds of buyers. The first kind is highly price-sensitive and takes the time to shop around for bargains; this includes remembering how much the drinks cost. The second set of buyers is less price-sensitive and more inclined to pay the bill without remembering how much the drinks added on. These customers pay more attention to upfront costs—the main items on the menu—than to delayed costs, such as the final tally with the drinks. A lot of these people are pretty wealthy and a lot of them are prone to spend a lot of money. In any case, high prices for drinks will induce some of the latter customers to spend more money, while the more price-sensitive customers concentrate their buying on the better-bargain, lower-margin items—namely, the food and not the drink—and thus they are not scared away from the restaurant. In essence, the wealthy and the myopic are the friend and supporter of the non-drinking gourmand…
In questo senso il cliente attento prospera sulle spalle di quello disattento.
Non è detto, per esempio, che nei posti turistici si mangi sempre male, basta stare attenti ad evitare certe voci, specie le bevande: il turista è il classico cliente disattento, quindi ristoranti e clienti attenti possono sfruttare la sua presenza massiccia.
Se stiamo attenti alle bevande – per esempio evitando i vini – si puo’ pranzare anche in ristoranti di lusso: i ricconi sono clienti particolarmente disattenti.
A volte lo sfruttamento dei clienti meno attenti è istituzionalizzato, facciamo il caso del vecchio saloon
… Looking back in history, formerly you could take advantage of this cross-subsidy far more than is possible today. For instance nineteenth century saloons took the drinks cross-subsidy to an extreme by offering, literally, a free lunch to their customers. Once food supply became liberated from local farmers and hunters, such free lunches became common. The hope, of course, was that they would make the money back on the drinks…
Ancora oggi c’è l’happy hour! C’è gente (clienti attentissimi) che si fa una mappa dei locali della città per consumare in modo itinerante al minor prezzo possibile.
Ma il sovrapprezzo sulle bevande costituisce anche un affitto del tavolo
… the markup on drinks is in part a fee for using the table so long and also it is a way to charge for the décor of the restaurant… They do not set an egg timer on the table…
Chi finita la cena viene pressato con il classico e ripetuto “desidera altro?” del cameriere, alla fine ordina da bere, ovvero cio’ su cui il ristoratore ha già predisposto l’affitto del tavolo occupato…
… It’s hard to just sit there and order nothing when they keep on asking you to spend more money and everyone else is doing the same…
Più l’ambiente è figo, più il semplice “stare” si paga salato…
… I’ve also noticed that restaurants with wonderful views or innovative décor charge an especially high amount for the drinks…
***
Così come il caffè dell’ospedale non è il massimo, allo stesso modo non lo sono i popcorn del cinema…
… Cross-subsidies help explain why the food is so often so bad in movie theaters. The food subsidizes the movies…
Motivo? Cross-subsidiation.
L’origine dei popcorn al cinema…
… Popcorn entered American movie theaters in the 1930s in the midst of the Great Depression. Popcorn sales kept many theaters afloat that otherwise might not have survived…
Oggi la vendita dei popcorn (e simili) rende così bene che i grandi distributori lasciano alle sale solo quella pretendendo tutto l’incasso dei biglietti…
… Theaters in contrast make a lot of their money from selling popcorn… The incentive of the movie theater is to charge a low price for the movie, and a high price for the popcorn. The low movie price lures in viewers/eaters and the theater doesn’t much miss out on the movie revenue anyway…
Per mangiare bene quando si va al cinema evitare le multisale e il pubblico giovane: le multisale fanno cross-subsidiation a manetta e il pubblico giovane va lì solo per il film…
… If you want to eat well in a movie theater, your best shot is to go to an “indie” theater, which shows foreign films, offbeat movies, and attracts an older and more mature audience, all of which point to better taste in food. Furthermore, compared to traditional multiplexes, indie theaters keep a higher proportion of their ticket revenue…
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Starbucks ha rivoluzionato il consumo del caffè negli USA ma con la trasformazione in catena si è badato di più al profitto, occorreva un prodotto che finanziasse il caffè. Ed ecco entrare in scena il latte….
… Today the store specializes in sweet, milk-based beverages, many of which are associated with the coffee idea in some indirect manner or other. We’re now in a setting where the quality and above all the availability of this coffee is subsidized by the milk and the sugar…
La gran parte dei prodotti con cui fa soldi Starbucks potete prepararvelo a casa con un costo dimezzato…
… If you like milk and sugar, however, you’re paying through the nose—in part to prop up the coffeelike infrastructure of the store—and maybe you should consider mixing the two at home for the desired effect. Just a whole lot cheaper…
***
I ristoranti dove si mangia bene sfruttano i lavoratori
… First, quality food is cheaper when there is cheap labor available to cook it…
Mi spiego meglio: se non si investe molto sul personale probabilmente si sta investendo sulla cucina.
Pochi camerieri che trottano procurandosi un gran mal di gambe sono un buon segno per il cliente. Se cominciate a vedere parcheggiatori, guardarobieri… diffidate. Se i camerieri sono ragazzini in nero, ottimo segno. Se sono vecchi in livrea… diffidate.
… The polar opposite case is when you see a restaurant replete with expensive labor. There’s a valet parking attendant, a woman to take your coat, a wine maître d’, a floor manager, a team of waiters, a manager to greet you, and so on…
I lavoratori più sfruttati sono senz’altro i familiari. E infatti la conduzione familiare di solito offre discreta qualità a buon prezzo.
***
Cosa ordinare? Chiedi al cameriere, ma fai bene la domanda…
… One of the most important strategies in dining is asking the waiter or waitress what to get. It is important to phrase the question properly…
L’errore da evitare…
… So don’t just ask the waiter “What should I get?” The waiter will likely direct you to the most high-margin item on the menu, and even more likely to want to get rid of you quickly so as to move on to his next task…
C’è sempre della roba avanzata da sbolognare…
Chiedete piuttosto: “qual è il vostro miglior piatto?”.
Poi, più che valutare cosa vi dice il cameriere, valutate come ve lo dice. Una risposta rapida e sicura è buon segno, potete seguire il consiglio…
… One way to proceed is to ask the waiter “What is best?” I am then happiest when the waiter does not hesitate to tell me what is best. “The venison with the spaetzle is best, sir,” is the sort of answer that warms my heart. I get more nervous when the waiter responds: “All of our menu items are good.” Another problem is when you hear: “Best? That depends on what you like. It’s hard for me to say.”…
I tentennamenti e i “dipende” sono pessimo segno…
… The bottom line is that these waiters have never been given firm instructions by a quality boss or chef, or those instructions have been summarily forgotten. It’s a bad sign for the whole restaurant…
Se volete scegliere personalmente e non avete le idee chiare seguite la regola “brutto&sconosciuto”, c’è sempre una compensazione. Brutto: la voce di menù più sciatta (se il cliente non deve essere allettato evidentemente c’è della sostanza). Sconosciuto: probabilmente è una specialità.
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Evitare i ristoranti che presumibilmente pagano un affitto elevato. In altri termini: evitate i ristoranti in centro…
… If a restaurant cannot cover its rent, it is not long for this world. Over half of all restaurants close in the first three years of operation, so this is not a small problem… Of the four three-star New York City restaurants listed in the 2011 Michelin guide (Le Bernardin, Per Se, Daniel, and Jean-Georges), all four are in a thin strip of midtown Manhattan, not too far from Lincoln Center. These restaurants are near the homes of millionaires and billionaires…
La logica è sempre la stessa: chi paga un alto affitto non ha risorse per investire su un buon rapporto qualità prezzo in cucina.
Naturalmente, in centro ci sono ristoranti dalla qualità stratosferica. Ma quelli, oltre ad avere prezzi stratosferici, li conoscono tutti, sono rinomati, e poi sono sulla guida Michelin.
Come sopravvive un ristorante in centro? Puntando sulla massa e sui marchi (non sulla cucina)…
… A high-rent store typically attracts a large number of paying customers per hour, charges high markup on its goods, or both. Otherwise there is no way to make the rent payments every month…
I ristoranti bruttini, decentrati, che pagano poco affitto sono i più promettenti. Se poi sono proprietari delle mura siete a cavallo…
… A lot of low-rent places are ugly, but still they might have good food and they are especially likely to have cheap food that isn’t junk food…
La legge è questa:
… Most fine restaurants are in high-rent areas, but most restaurants in high-rent areas are far from fine
I migliori sono in centro ma in centro è difficile trovarne uno buono.
In periferia la qualità mediana (non media) si alza, questo facilità la sorte di chi gironzola affamato senza informazioni…
… Most of the important new, cheap ethnic restaurants serving everything from Colombian food to classic Italian are burgeoning in Queens, Brooklyn, and the Bronx…
La crisi economica, diminuendo gli affitti, migliora la vita di chi va al ristorante…
… One upshot of this is that the recent Great Recession has been good for a lot of foodies. Rents are stable or falling rather than rising…
C’è poi anche una “periferia in città”. Sono quelle vie centrali in cui si insedia la fresca immigrazione…
… One good way to find a tasty and cheap meal is to seek out low-rent areas near higher-rent customers… The larger the number of restaurants serving the same ethnic cuisine in a given area, the more likely the food they serve is good. Why? Restaurants that are competing against each other can’t rest on their laurels…
Di solito le sorprese positive a livello di ristorante si trovano contigue a negozi scannati che vendono chincaglierie
… It is common to see good ethnic restaurants grouped with midlevel or junky retail outlets, and often the best food trucks are in quite inconspicuous locales… Do you see something ugly? Poor construction? Broken plastic signage? A five-and-dime store? Maybe an abandoned car? If so, crack a quiet smile, walk in the door, and order…
Lì i ristoranti sono buoni (affitti bassi) ma sono quasi tutti etnici.
Morale: se devi pranzare in centro cercati una via degradata dove si concentrano i negozi etnici e mangia in un ristorante da quelle parti…
I ristoranti che pagano l’affitto più basso sono gli ambulanti. Il mondo del cibo per strada offre molte occasioni…
… The ultimate low-rent venue is the food truck. New York City, Portland, Oregon, and Austin, Texas, have started allowing food trucks to sell their wares, and it has greatly improved food in those cities. No longer is street food a bad pretzel or fatty hot dog; food trucks bring diners authentic Mexican tacos, homemade sausages, dim sum, Vietnamese bánh mi sandwiches, and hundreds of other delicacies… My favorite local food truck is Las Delicias, which parks on Route 50, Arlington Boulevard, Falls Church (near my house), every Sunday afternoon, and serves Bolivian specialties from the Cochabamba region…
Deregolamentare la distribuzione per strada di cibo, ecco una riforma tosta per migliorare il rapporto qualità/prezzo a tavola…
… If we wanted to improve American food, and make it much cheaper, I have a suggestion: Let’s deregulate the food trucks and the other street vendors, provided they can show enough responsibility to get an open-to-all license competition…
Chi ha bassi affitti, inoltre,  puo’ sperimentare
… Low-rent food venues can experiment at relatively low risk. If a food idea does not work out, the proprietor is not left with an expensive building, fancy décor, or a long-term lease…
Con affitti bassi, tutti possono provarci…
… Lower rents also mean that more people can try their hand at starting a restaurant and marketing the family cooking…
***
Torniamo alla domanda chiave: dove mangiare bene? Siate umili, chiedete
… Meta-rationality means recognizing your limitations and realizing that very often the best information is in the hands of other people…
In questo senso le competenze sociologiche (a chi chiedere?) valgono più di quelle culinarie (cosa significa mangiar bene?)…
… some knowledge of social science is often more useful than is a knowledge of food…
Chiedete a chi ama mangiare e ha un’età tra i 35 e i 55 anni. I giovani non perdono tempo a “mangiar bene”, hanno di meglio da fare. I vecchi sono murati nelle loro abitudini, inoltre escono poco.
Chiedete a chi si muove e per lavoro mangia spesso fuori…
… Ask people who are geographically mobile in their professions and thus accustomed to eating out and collecting information about food…
Ai miei tempi si diceva: segui i camionisti. Vero! Ma segui anche gli agenti di commercio ecc.
Quando registro le fatture degli agenti a cui tengo la contabilità mi annoto sempre i ristoranti dove pranzano.
Chiedete ai tassisti.
Se cercate su google non utilizzate mai stringhe generiche…
… If you’re asking Google, put a “smart” word into your search query. “Best restaurants Washington” will yield lots of information…
… ma stringhe intelligenti, tipo…
… something more specific instead, like “best Indian restaurants Washington,”… Google “Washington best cauliflower dish,” even if you don’t want cauliflower…
Se consultate le recensioni concentratevi su quelle lunghe e positive (tre, quattro stelline su cinque).
Prima di entrare nel locale cercate di giudicare i frequentatori, è fondamentale…
… If you are looking to judge a restaurant, and can’t find anyone reliable to ask, my suggestion is to take a look at who goes there…
Evitate le risate: chi già offre grande socialità di solito non ha bisogno di offrire grande cucina…
… When I’m out looking for food, one of my fears is to come across a restaurant where the people are laughing and smiling and appearing very sociable… Don’t get me wrong. There is nothing wrong with having fun, but it’s not the same thing as good food. So many restaurants “get by”—and charge reasonably high prices—by creating social scenes for drinking, dating, and carousing. They’re not using the food to draw in their customers…
Mangiate pure nei posti fighi, ma limitatevi ai primi sei mesi dall’apertura…
… If you are going to visit such restaurants, go in the first four to six months of their operation, though not the first two weeks when they are still working out the kinks in their kitchen routine…
Donne belle? Alla larga…
… I also start to worry if the women in a restaurant seem to be beautiful in the trendy “eye candy” sense, as they are at Zengo. For me that’s another danger sign… It is often best when the people in a restaurant look a little serious or even downright grim…
Gente un po’ sguaiata? Buon segno: si sente a casa, probabilmente sono clienti abituali. Il ristorante con clienti abituali merita…
… In a lot of restaurants, it is a propitious omen if the diners are screaming at each other and appear to be fighting and pursuing blood feuds. It’s a sign they are regular customers and that they feel at home in the restaurant…
In montagna andavo in un ristorante frequentato nella zona bar dalla vociferante gente del paese che giocava anche a carte nei tavolini rivolgendosi con confidenza a cameriere e barista. Ottimo segno: la gestione del ristorante è ben conosciuta, ben integrata nel tessuto sociale, sa come muoversi, come procurarsi la materia prima, come risolvere al meglio i suoi problemi..
Naturalmente, alla larga dai turisti (vedi eccezione più sopra)…
… if you are walking in Florence, and you see a restaurant full of guidebook-clutching British tourists, catching an early dinner at six P.M., you need to run the other way…
La massima: la clientela ci dice più cose sul ristorante che lo chef
… Quality customers are often more important for a restaurant than is a quality chef…
All’inizio Mc Donald’s ha fatto di tutto per selezionare la clientela: voleva famiglie non giovani stazionari. L’arredo spartano e scomodo serviva a quello…
… When McDonald’s first started to expand, in the 1950s, it took great pains to be a “family restaurant.” Ray Kroc designed the restaurants to discourage teenage loitering. He didn’t want the outlets to be too comfortable or too “cool.” He didn’t want the restaurants to have pinball or newspaper boxes or telephone booths or candy and cigarette machines or to look like teenage trouble spots. He wanted rapid turnover and he wanted people to come and go in the normal course of their day. McDonald’s thus made its designs deliberately antisocial, the opposite of today’s Starbucks. At the time, it was well known that teenage loitering had helped make many drive-ins unprofitable. McDonald’s is a family restaurant and it looks and feels the same way….
Il ristorante frequentato dai locali è quello che offre più garanzie. Volete un buon kebab? Andate nei locali dove ci sono le barbe, dove si parla solo arabo e dove alla parete c’è un’immagine del profeta.
cibo

sabato 1 aprile 2017

4 The Rules for Finding a Good Place to Eat An Economist Gets Lunch: New Rules for Everyday Foodies by Tyler Cowen

4 The Rules for Finding a Good Place to EatRead more at location 838
Note: 4@@@@@@@@@@@@ Edit
“I went to a hospital cafeteria the other day and ate a fantastic lunch.” No you didn’t. Hospital cafeterias are not profit centers for hospitals nor significant elements in their overall reputation.Read more at location 840
Note: IL CAFFÈ DELL OSPEDALE Edit
Raw IngredientsRead more at location 853
Note: t Edit
The American restaurants with excellent fresh ingredients—the ones good enough to serve naked on a plate—commonly cost fifty dollars and up for dinner.Read more at location 855
Note: COZTO MENU CON BUONA MTERIA PRIMA Edit
New York’s Masa is commonly regarded as one of the best restaurants in the United States and it is arguably the best sushi place. The chef-owner has hired a personal fish shopper in the Tsukiji fish market in Tokyo and that shopper rushes the fish to the airport to take a direct flight to New York City, namely JAL 006. Once the fish clears customs, a van driver calls Masa and tells them what time the catch will be arriving. The basic prix fixe dinner at Masa goes for $450.Read more at location 857
Note: L ESEMPIO DEL MASA Edit
Avoid dishes that are ingredients-intensive. Raw ingredients in America—vegetables, butter, bread, meats, and so on—are below world standards. Even most underdeveloped countries have better raw ingredients thanRead more at location 864
Note: CON PO BHI SOLDI EVITARE CIBI CHE DIPENDONO DALLA MAT PRIMA Edit
Go for dishes that are composition-intensive.Read more at location 867
Note: PUNTARE SULLA CREATIVIT Edit
In Haiti and Thailand, I’ve seen fishermen on their boats pulling out the fish or conch from the sea while I am eating the morning catch for lunch. It doesn’t need an amazing sauce or an innovative preparation to be superb.Read more at location 870
Note: HAITI E THAI Edit
The United States is a country where the human beings are extremely creative but the tomatoes are not extraordinarily fresh.Read more at location 874
Note: CREATIVI E Edit
nation of immigrants,Read more at location 877
Let’s say I am in a Bolivian restaurant in suburban America. There’s a good chance I will ask for the silpancho, a specialty of the Cochabamba region. There is a plain steak in the dish, but it’s not just sitting out there on the plate. Underneath are rice and potatoes, and piled on top is scrambled egg, tomatoes, onions, and, on the side, green chili sauce. The sauce is not to be missed. The steak does not have to be that good for the overall meal to be delicious.Read more at location 880
Note: ARRICCHORE SE MANCA LA BASE. VARIARE COMBINARE CAMBIARE Edit
Some raw ingredients travel well, such as dried chili peppers and seed-based spices.Read more at location 887
Note: INGRED CHE VIAGGIANO BEME Edit
But trying to replicate Bresson chicken, Turkish eggplant, or Hong Kong scallops is going to be much, much harder because those ingredients are harder to preserve across long journeys. They have to be refrigerated or frozen and they arrive battered and somewhat tasteless, unless you pay to have them flown in and handled by specialists;Read more at location 891
Note: INGR CHE VIAGGIANO MALE Edit
Hospital Food Bad—Casino Food Good?Read more at location 896
Note: t CROSS SUB. L ESCA È IL CIBO? NEGLI OSP NO. AL CASINO SI Edit
Does a commercial establishment receive a positive or negative boost from the surrounding circumstances of its production?Read more at location 898
Note: CROSS SIBSIDY Edit
The very best Las Vegas restaurants are located well behind the casinos and slot machines, not in front of them. The hope is that people will stop and gamble on their way to and from the good food.Read more at location 900
Note: MANGIARE E POI GIOCARE. RISTORANTE SUL RETRO. GIOCARE E POI MANGIATE. SUL DAVANTI Edit
In the old days, Parisian restaurants located themselves near butchers so as to receive choice cuts, entrails, and innards quickly and easily.Read more at location 905
Note: PARIGI E I MACELLAI Edit
When prices of air flights were held artificially high by law, before deregulation in the 1970s, airline food was often excellent. They served lobster to attract more customers, and they knew they could make up for the lobster by charging the higher regulated fare they were forced to charge.Read more at location 909
Note: AEREO E PREZZI ALTI. ATTRARRE CLIENTI Edit
the desire to compete for high-fare passengers forced the airlines to make the service as good as possible and that included delicious food.Read more at location 913
Note: c POCHI CLINTI CONYESI Edit
The vending machine shows you what food looks like when there is no cross-subsidy. When you are buying food from a vending machine, it is a relatively pure transaction. You give up the money; you get the food. There’s no décor, no service, no ancillary products, no nothing, other than the swap of specified assets. And what do we know about food from vending machines? It’s reliable but it’s hardly ever special.Read more at location 928
Note: DISTRIBUTORI. PURA VENDITA Edit
Eat and Drink?Read more at location 933
Note: t Edit
Restaurants make a lot of their money off the drinks.Read more at location 933
Note: DA DOVE I SOLDI? Edit
In essence, they are supplying food as a kind of window dressing to lure customers in for some other purpose, namely high-priced liquids. It might seem that if you don’t buy the drinks, and don’t mind settling for plain tap water, you can’t lose.Read more at location 933
Note: LA STRATEGOA Edit
you pay $2.50 for the drink, and it seems that the Coke itself costs the restaurant less than twenty cents.Read more at location 939
Note: Mark up Edit
A markup on a beer can run up to 500 percent.Read more at location 940
High prices for drinks are often a form of price discrimination, an economic term which refers to the extraction of additional money from the people willing to pay more for the product.Read more at location 947
Note: PRICE DISCR SUL BERE Edit
The market for dining therefore has (at least) two kinds of buyers. The first kind is highly price-sensitive and takes the time to shop around for bargains; this includes remembering how much the drinks cost. The second set of buyers is less price-sensitive and more inclined to pay the bill without remembering how much the drinks added on. These customers pay more attention to upfront costs—the main items on the menu—than to delayed costs, such as the final tally with the drinks. A lot of these people are pretty wealthy and a lot of them are prone to spend a lot of money. In any case, high prices for drinks will induce some of the latter customers to spend more money, while the more price-sensitive customers concentrate their buying on the better-bargain, lower-margin items—namely, the food and not the drink—and thus they are not scared away from the restaurant. In essence, the wealthy and the myopic are the friend and supporter of the non-drinking gourmand.Read more at location 952
Note: COME FUNZIONA. ACCALAPPIARE I DISTRATTI E DARE UNA CHAMCES AGLI ATTENTI Edit
Looking back in history, formerly you could take advantage of this cross-subsidy far more than is possible today. For instance nineteenth century saloons took the drinks cross-subsidy to an extreme by offering, literally, a free lunch to their customers. Once food supply became liberated from local farmers and hunters, such free lunches became common. The hope, of course, was that they would make the money back on the drinks.Read more at location 961
Note: IL FREE LUNCH DEL SALOON: PAGO IL PRIMO NEL PREZZO DELL ALTRO Edit
the markup on drinks is in part a fee for using the table so long and also it is a way to charge for the décor of the restaurant.Read more at location 972
Note: USO DEL TAVOLO Edit
They do not set an egg timer on the tableRead more at location 974
It’s hard to just sit there and order nothing when they keep on asking you to spend more money and everyone else is doing the same.Read more at location 978
Note: FINTA LA CENA CHI SO FERMA VIENE PRESSATO. DI SOLITO ORDINA DA BETE Edit
I’ve also noticed that restaurants with wonderful views or innovative décor charge an especially high amount for the drinks.Read more at location 981
Note: L AMBIENTE FIGO CAROCA Edit
Why Popcorn Is a Bad Deal and Starbucks Coffee Isn’tRead more at location 994
Note: t Edit
Cross-subsidies help explain why the food is so often so bad in movie theaters. The food subsidizes the moviesRead more at location 996
Note: PERCHÈ I POP CORN FANNO SCHIFO Edit
Popcorn entered American movie theaters in the 1930s in the midst of the Great Depression. Popcorn sales kept many theaters afloat that otherwise might not have survived.Read more at location 998
Note: POP CORN E GRANDE DEPRESS Edit
Theaters in contrast make a lot of their money from selling popcorn.Read more at location 1009
The incentive of the movie theater is to charge a low price for the movie, and a high price for the popcorn. The low movie price lures in viewers/eaters and the theater doesn’t much miss out on the movie revenue anyway.Read more at location 1010
Note: BUSINESS PLAN Edit
If you want to eat well in a movie theater, your best shot is to go to an “indie” theater, which shows foreign films, offbeat movies, and attracts an older and more mature audience, all of which point to better taste in food. Furthermore, compared to traditional multiplexes, indie theaters keep a higher proportion of their ticket revenue.Read more at location 1015
Note: MANGIAR BENE A TEATRO. SEGUI I VECCHI Edit
Starbucks,Read more at location 1021
In its early years the chain revolutionized coffee consumption in the United States.Read more at location 1021
Note: STURBUKS Edit
But over time, the expansion of the chain required greater attention to sales volume and high profit margins.Read more at location 1023
Note: c Edit
Today the store specializes in sweet, milk-based beverages, many of which are associated with the coffee idea in some indirect manner or other. We’re now in a setting where the quality and above all the availability of this coffee is subsidized by the milk and the sugar.Read more at location 1024
Note: IL LATTE SUSSIDIA IL CAFFÈ Edit
If you like milk and sugar, however, you’re paying through the nose—in part to prop up the coffeelike infrastructure of the store—and maybe you should consider mixing the two at home for the desired effect. Just a whole lot cheaper.Read more at location 1028
Note: A CASA COSTA LA METÀ Edit
How to Exploit Restaurant WorkersRead more at location 1031
Note: t Edit
First, quality food is cheaper when there is cheap labor available to cook it.Read more at location 1031
Note: QUALITÁ A BUON MERCATO SE SI SOTTOPAGA Edit
Family members will work in the kitchenRead more at location 1034
Note: CONDUZIONE FAMILIARE Edit
The polar opposite case is when you see a restaurant replete with expensive labor. There’s a valet parking attendant, a woman to take your coat, a wine maître d’, a floor manager, a team of waiters, a manager to greet you, and so on.Read more at location 1036
Note: OCCHIO SE C È IL PARCHEGGIATORE E IL GUARDAROBA Edit
One of the most important strategies in dining is asking the waiter or waitress what to get. It is important to phrase the question properly.Read more at location 1047
Note: COSA MANGIARE? CHIEDI AL CAMERIERE. MA FAI BENE LA DOMANDA Edit
So don’t just ask the waiter “What should I get?” The waiter will likely direct you to the most high-margin item on the menu, and even more likely to want to get rid of you quickly so as to move on to his next task.Read more at location 1051
Note: L ERRORE Edit
One way to proceed is to ask the waiter “What is best?” I am then happiest when the waiter does not hesitate to tell me what is best. “The venison with the spaetzle is best, sir,” is the sort of answer that warms my heart. I get more nervous when the waiter responds: “All of our menu items are good.” Another problem is when you hear: “Best? That depends on what you like. It’s hard for me to say.”Read more at location 1058
Note: IL MEGLIO. LA RISPISTA DEVE ESSERE RAPIDA Edit
The bottom line is that these waiters have never been given firm instructions by a quality boss or chef, or those instructions have been summarily forgotten. It’s a bad sign for the whole restaurant.Read more at location 1061
Note: IL CAMERIERE CHE TENTENNA. BRUTTO SEGNO Edit
In plain language: order the ugly and order the unknown. In a fancy restaurant, order the item you are least likely to think you want.Read more at location 1074
Note: PRENDI IL BRUTTO E LO SCONOSCIUTO. IL BRUTTO COMPENSA LO SCONOSCIUTO È SPECIALE Edit
Why Great City Centers Are Bad for FoodRead more at location 1077
Note: t Edit
If a restaurant cannot cover its rent, it is not long for this world. Over half of all restaurants close in the first three years of operation, so this is not a small problem.Read more at location 1078
Note: VALUTA L AFFITTO Edit
A high-rent store typically attracts a large number of paying customers per hour, charges high markup on its goods, or both. Otherwise there is no way to make the rent payments every month.Read more at location 1085
Note: COME SI SOPRAVVIVE IN CENTRO? PUNTANDO SULLA MASSA CON I MARCHI Edit
A lot of low-rent places are ugly, but still they might have good food and they are especially likely to have cheap food that isn’t junk food.Read more at location 1087
Note: LOW RANT Edit
Of the four three-star New York City restaurants listed in the 2011 Michelin guide (Le Bernardin, Per Se, Daniel, and Jean-Georges), all four are in a thin strip of midtown Manhattan, not too far from Lincoln Center. These restaurants are near the homes of millionaires and billionaires,Read more at location 1090
Note: LA QUALITÁ VICINO AI RICCHI È COSTOSA Edit
Most fine restaurants are in high-rent areas, but most restaurants in high-rent areas are far from fine.Read more at location 1093
Note: LEGGE Edit
Most of the important new, cheap ethnic restaurants serving everything from Colombian food to classic Italian are burgeoning in Queens, Brooklyn, and the Bronx.Read more at location 1103
Note: PERIFERIA E QUALITÁ MEDIA Edit
One upshot of this is that the recent Great Recession has been good for a lot of foodies. Rents are stable or falling rather than risingRead more at location 1121
Note: LA CRISI GIOVA AI MANGIONI DIMINUENDO GLI AFFITTI Edit
One good way to find a tasty and cheap meal is to seek out low-rent areas near higher-rent customers.Read more at location 1125
Note: C È ANCHE LA PERIFERIA IN CITTÀ. ES DOVE STANNO I MIGR. E I RIST SOMO QUASI SEMPRE ETNICI Edit
The larger the number of restaurants serving the same ethnic cuisine in a given area, the more likely the food they serve is good. Why? Restaurants that are competing against each other can’t rest on their laurels.Read more at location 1133
Note: PUNTARE SULLA CONCENTRAZ Edit
The ultimate low-rent venue is the food truck. New York City, Portland, Oregon, and Austin, Texas, have started allowing food trucks to sell their wares, and it has greatly improved food in those cities. No longer is street food a bad pretzel or fatty hot dog; food trucks bring diners authentic Mexican tacos, homemade sausages, dim sum, Vietnamese bánh mi sandwiches, and hundreds of other delicacies.Read more at location 1145
Note: IL CIBO AMBULANTE È QUELLI CON MENO AFFITTO Edit
My favorite local food truck is Las Delicias, which parks on Route 50, Arlington Boulevard, Falls Church (near my house), every Sunday afternoon, and serves Bolivian specialties from the Cochabamba region.Read more at location 1151
Note: c Edit
If we wanted to improve American food, and make it much cheaper, I have a suggestion: Let’s deregulate the food trucks and the other street vendors, provided they can show enough responsibility to get an open-to-all license competition.Read more at location 1157
Note: DEREGOLAMENTARE IL CIBO DI STRADA MIGLIORA IL RAPPORTO QUALITÀ PREZZO Edit
Low-rent food venues can experiment at relatively low risk. If a food idea does not work out, the proprietor is not left with an expensive building, fancy décor, or a long-term lease.Read more at location 1162
Note: SPERIMENTAZ Edit
Lower rents also mean that more people can try their hand at starting a restaurant and marketing the family cooking.Read more at location 1165
Note: PIÙ OPPORTUNITÀ XCON LOW RANT Edit
It is common to see good ethnic restaurants grouped with midlevel or junky retail outlets, and often the best food trucks are in quite inconspicuous locales.Read more at location 1168
Note: BUONA CUCINA CATTIVI NEGOZI O POSTI ANONIMI Edit
Do you see something ugly? Poor construction? Broken plastic signage? A five-and-dime store? Maybe an abandoned car? If so, crack a quiet smile, walk in the door, and order.Read more at location 1169
Note: c Edit
The Social Element in Eating WellRead more at location 1171
Note: t Edit
Be meta-rational,Read more at location 1175
Meta-rationality means recognizing your limitations and realizing that very often the best information is in the hands of other people.Read more at location 1176
Note: AFFIDATEVI Edit
askRead more at location 1178
some knowledge of social science is often more useful than is a knowledge of food.Read more at location 1179
Note: c Edit
start by finding people who themselves love good foodRead more at location 1179
Note: AMANTI Edit
between 35 and 55 yearsRead more at location 1180
Ask people who are geographically mobile in their professions and thus accustomed to eating out and collecting information about food.Read more at location 1182
Note: MOBILI. AGENTI CAMIONISTI Edit
Ask a cabdriver.Read more at location 1183
If you’re asking Google, put a “smart” word into your search query. “Best restaurants Washington” will yield lots of information,Read more at location 1185
Note: BUONE STRINGHE Edit
something more specific instead, like “best Indian restaurants Washington,”Read more at location 1187
Note: c Edit
Google “Washington best cauliflower dish,” even if you don’t want cauliflower.Read more at location 1189
Note: c Edit
If you’re reading online reviews, don’t be too put off by negative reviews per se; any place that takes chances will have its detractors. Instead, focus on the positive reviews.Read more at location 1190
Note: RIVISTE. FOCALIZZARSI SULLEBBUONE Edit
If you are looking to judge a restaurant, and can’t find anyone reliable to ask, my suggestion is to take a look at who goes there.Read more at location 1193
Note: GIUDICARE DAI FREQUENTATYORI Edit
When I’m out looking for food, one of my fears is to come across a restaurant where the people are laughing and smiling and appearing very sociable.Read more at location 1195
Note: EVITATE LE ROSATE... Edit
Don’t get me wrong. There is nothing wrong with having fun, but it’s not the same thing as good food. So many restaurants “get by”—and charge reasonably high prices—by creating social scenes for drinking, dating, and carousing. They’re not using the food to draw in their customers.Read more at location 1197
Note: c Edit
If you are going to visit such restaurants, go in the first four to six months of their operation, though not the first two weeks when they are still working out the kinks in their kitchen routine.Read more at location 1202
Note: I POSTI FIGHI SOLO ALL INIZIO Edit
I also start to worry if the women in a restaurant seem to be beautiful in the trendy “eye candy” sense, as they are at Zengo. For me that’s another danger sign.Read more at location 1221
Note: DONNE BELLE? BRUTTO SEGNALE Edit
It is often best when the people in a restaurant look a little serious or even downright grim.Read more at location 1225
Note: c Edit
In a lot of restaurants, it is a propitious omen if the diners are screaming at each other and appear to be fighting and pursuing blood feuds. It’s a sign they are regular customers and that they feel at home in the restaurant.Read more at location 1233
Note: GENTE CHE URLA? BUON BSEGNO. SI SENTE A CASA. CONSUMATORI VABITUALI Edit
if you are walking in Florence, and you see a restaurant full of guidebook-clutching British tourists, catching an early dinner at six P.M., you need to run the other way.Read more at location 1238
Note: ALLA LARGA DAI TURISTI Edit
Quality customers are often more important for a restaurant than is a quality chef.Read more at location 1241
Note: MASSIMA Edit
When McDonald’s first started to expand, in the 1950s, it took great pains to be a “family restaurant.” Ray Kroc designed the restaurants to discourage teenage loitering. He didn’t want the outlets to be too comfortable or too “cool.” He didn’t want the restaurants to have pinball or newspaper boxes or telephone booths or candy and cigarette machines or to look like teenage trouble spots. He wanted rapid turnover and he wanted people to come and go in the normal course of their day. McDonald’s thus made its designs deliberately antisocial, the opposite of today’s Starbucks. At the time, it was well known that teenage loitering had helped make many drive-ins unprofitable. McDonald’s is a family restaurant and it looks and feels the same way.Read more at location 1242
Note: MCD ANTISOCIAL Edit