sabato 22 giugno 2019

6 Mind-sets for Extremists + post FACE

CAMPIONI DI OMOFOBIA
Gli ingegneri si distinguono come i più avversi all'omosessualità; un quarto degli interpellati ha espresso il proprio rigetto verso queste persone, mentre la quota dei laureati in medicina, legge ed economia non andava oltre il 20 percento; chi studia altre materie, comprese le discipline umanistiche e le scienze sociali e psicologiche, sembra più tollerante, mostrando un'avversione che non supera il 15%.
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AMAZON.COM
A groundbreaking investigation into why so many Islamic radicals are engineersThe violent actions of a few extremists can alter the course of history, yet there persists a yawning gap between the potential impact of these individuals and what we understand about them. In Engineers of Jihad, Diego...


L'ANTI-INGEGNERE
Se la profilazione del terrorista islamico e del laureato in ingegneria è simile in modo sorprendente, c'è qualcosa di diametralmente opposto a questo ideal-tipo: la donna. La donna in generale.
La psicologia femminile è antitetica a quella dell'ingegnere/terrorista. E in effetti la presenza femminile è estremamente rarefatta nei ranghi dei gruppi suprematisti, razzisti, neo-fascisti, neonazisti, islamisti e violenti in genere. Per quanto ne sappiamo, per esempio, le donne hanno raramente partecipato alle "squadre della morte" che operavano in America centrale e meridionale negli anni '70. Questi gruppi di destra sottolineavao il ruolo tradizionale delle donne nella procreazione e nell'accudimento dei figli e al contempo esaltavano la virilità maschile e i benefici terapeutici della violenza. Per quei gruppi che rivendicano un' ispirazione dalle idee islamiste — Hamas, PIJ, Al Qaeda, ISIS — al di là di qualche attentatore suicida, le donne operative sono sempre state poche. Raramente, se non mai, le donne sono leader, e persino i ruoli di reclutatori e "gestori" sono generalmente assegnati ai maschi dell'organizzazione. Le donne hanno fatto parte di gruppi islamisti in ruoli per lo più accessori; le loro motivazioni, tuttavia, differivano e sembravano meno bellicose di quelle maschili: nella maggior parte dei casi, donne e ragazze sembrano aver lasciato la casa per sposare degli jihadisti, attirate nei luoghi di guerra per sostenere i loro" fratelli combattenti "e avere" figli jihadisti" contribuendo in questo modo alla "diffusione trionfante dell'Islam".
Ben diversa la situazione nel terrorismo di sinistra. Lì le donne sono diventate leader di gruppi terroristici o rivoluzionari in Europa, nonché in Nord e Sud America. E questo non sembra dovuto all'esposizione a valori occidentali, come si potrebbe sospettare; in effetti, le donne sono state attive, e spesso in ruoli di comando, anche tra le tigri tamil dello Sri Lanka, i maoisti indiani e l'esercito di liberazione del popolo nepalese.
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AMAZON.COM
A groundbreaking investigation into why so many Islamic radicals are engineersThe violent actions of a few extremists can alter the course of history, yet there persists a yawning gap between the potential impact of these individuals and what we understand about them. In Engineers of Jihad, Diego...


DESTRA ACCADEMICA
La revisione approfondita della letteratura sui tratti della personalità alla base degli atteggiamenti di destra, ne mette in luce almeno tre: il primo è emotivo, ovvero la propensione a provare "disgusto"; il secondo è cognitivo e implica un forte "bisogno di chiusura"; il terzo, allo stesso tempo cognitivo ed emotivo, è un bisogno di imporre distinzioni rigorose tra i membri del gruppo di appartenenza e gli "altri". Possono anche essere visti in positivo: richiesta di chiarezza, bisogno di concentrazione e propensione alla lealtà.
Tutte e tre le caratteristiche si ritrovano su livelli molto elevati tra i laureati in ingegneria. Sarà per questo che il terrorismo jihadista ne arruola così tanti.

Personalmente, mi ritengo in "mood affiliation" con la destra, e quindi posso fare un esperimento su me stesso:

1) disgusto? Non direi.

2) Chiusura mentale? Confermo: la curiosità non mi è estranea ma deve essere promossa da una mia attività; le novità estemporanee che capitano vivendo le vivo come un'aggressione alla mia persona.


3) Lealtà? Non direi. Sono sempre pronto a tradire; ho persino teorizzato, senza avere per ora la forza di farlo, il cambio annuale della squadra del cuore.
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AMAZON.COM
A groundbreaking investigation into why so many Islamic radicals are engineersThe violent actions of a few extremists can alter the course of history, yet there persists a yawning gap between the potential impact of these individuals and what we understand about them. In Engineers of Jihad, Diego...


IL DISGUSTO DEL TERRORISTA
Il disgusto e l'ossessione per la purezza è un tratto caratteriale che accomuna terroristi ed ingegneri.
Faisal Shahzad, quello che ha piazzato la bomba in un SUV parcheggiato a Times Square nel 2010, era molto pulito e diligente e ha lasciato il suo appartamento in condizioni perfette: il suo padrone di casa, Stanislaw Chomiak, ha accompagnato la polizia nell'appartamento del signor Shahzad, indicando il punto in cui stava costruendo una meticolosa replica in legno di una moschea. Il signor Shahzad era stato gentile, simpatico, un perfetto inquilino. Aveva persino rivestito i bruciatori della stufa di alluminio in modo che non si appannassero.
Hosam Maher Husein Smadi, il giovane cittadino giordano coinvolto in un complotto per far saltare la torre di Fountain Place nel centro di Dallas, è stato descritto dai suoi amici come "ossessivamente pulito; TRE VOLTE alla settimana, rimuoveva i mobili dal suo alloggio e puliva ossessivamente i pavimenti.
Mohamed Atta, la mente dell'aggressione dell'11 settembre, scrisse in una sorta di testamento, "un documento allucinante", con istruzioni su come sistemare il suo corpo dopo la morte: "'Non voglio che nessuna donna vada alla mia bara durante il mio funerale...". Ha anche chiesto: "gli uomini che si occuperanno di lavare il mio corpo evitino di toccare senza protezioni i miei genitali...". Il resto sono per lo più invettive contro gli omosessuali e il loro corpo malato e contaminato.
Altri esempi impressionanti in questo libro.
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AMAZON.COM
A groundbreaking investigation into why so many Islamic radicals are engineersThe violent actions of a few extremists can alter the course of history, yet there persists a yawning gap between the potential impact of these individuals and what we understand about them. In Engineers of Jihad, Diego...


6 Mind-sets for Extremists
Note:6@@@@@@@@@@@@§La mentalitá di destra somiglia a quella dell ingegnere tipo: chiusura ordine chiarezza purezza lealtá routine. Tra i laureati gli ing sono i piú a ds su omosessuali immigrazione gerarchie diseguaglianze. Gli ing sono i piú distanti dalle donne. Assenza donne tra i terroristi islamici. Poche ingegneresse. Poche fasciste. L ing la fa facile x lui tutto é meccanismo: muovi qs e sposterai quello. C é sempre una sola causa. Parliamo di caratteri innati. Non é tanto la religione ad atrarre l ing verso l islamismo quanto la voglia d ordine.

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RESEARCHERS WHO HAVE LOOKED FOR PATHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN THE minds of violent extremists have found none,
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NO PATO

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“they are just like you and me!”
Note:Cccccccccc

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implication, that only social and economic circumstances determine who becomes an extremist
Note:L USO COMUNE DI QS SCOPERTA

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different types of people are attracted to different types of extremism: engineers appear mostly on one side, and social scientists and humanities graduates appear mostly on the other side.
Note:ING A DES UMANISTI A SINISTRI

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Right-wing and Islamist extremism share many ideological features, while left-wing extremism differs from both.
Note:AFFINITÀ COMPOSITIVA: DS E ISLAMISTI...QS LO SAPPIAMO

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are joined by humanities and social sciences graduates who are conversely absent from Islamist and right-wing extremist groups.
Note:ESTREMISMO DI SINISTRA

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TRAITS FOR TYPES OF EXTREMISTS
Note:Ttttttttttt

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one trait, an emotional one, is the proneness to experience disgust; another trait, the most multifaceted of the three, involves a strong “need for cognitive closure”; the third, at once cognitive and emotional, is an urge to impose strict distinctions between in-group and out-group
Note:I TRE MARCHI DELL ESTREMISTA DI DESTRA #######

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Disgust
Note:Tttttttttt

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Right-wingers’ desire to keep their social environment pure
Note:DEFIN

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social issues like abortion or gay rights, both of which relate to notions of morality or purity
Note:ESEMPI

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left-wing student activists in Europe and the United States tried to shock the conservative establishment with their use of feces in various protest events (including so-called “shit-ins”).
Note:La reazione a sinistra é coerente

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Faisal Shahzad, who planted a bomb in an SUV parked in Times Square in 2010, was very clean and diligent, and left his apartment in immaculate condition:
Note:IL CASO DI FS

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Hosam Maher Husein Smadi, a young Jordanian national whom the FBI “lured [in 2009] into a plot to blow up the Fountain Place tower in downtown Dallas,” was described by his friends as “obsessively clean; three times a week, he removed the furniture from his bungalow and cleaned the floors.”
Note:IL CASO DI HMS

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instructions on how to treat his body after death: “‘I do not want any women to go to my grave at all during my funeral.’” He also asked “the men [who] would be washing his dead body to avoid unshielded contact with his genitals”
Note:MA

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Testamento DI MOHAMED ATTA

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Need for Closure
Note:t

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“intolerance of ambiguity,” a notion introduced in connection with authoritarianism by Else Frenkel-Brunswik,
Note:CONTRO L AMBIGUITÀ x la chiarezza

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the profile of liberals and left-wingers is the very opposite: they are “more open-minded, creative, curious, and novelty seeking” and more likely to tolerate disorder, complexity, and rebellion (Carney et al. 2008: 807–8).
Note:A SINISTRA PIÙ CURIOSI

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agreement with the statement “consistent routine enables me to enjoy life more”
Note:TIPICO DELLA MENTALITÀ DESTRORSA

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In-group and Out-group Distinction
Note:Ttttttttttttttt

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proclivity to perceive and to impose a sharp in-group/out-group distinction.
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pleasure that comes from seeing out-group members being harmed
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an ability to combine negatively and positively connotated terms to describe individuals;
Note:Qlcs che manca ai conservatori

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in-group loyalty, purity, and deference to authority, can lead to aggression.
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Italian students with strong NFC have proved to be not only more right-wing and in favor of centralized, authoritarian leadership but also anti-immigrant, less pluralist, and less multicultural than their peers
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they vigorously reject foreign cultural intrusions and defend their religious in-group:
Note:I radicalisti islamici

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THE THREE TRAITS AMONG GRADUATES
Note:t

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Engineers stand out as those most opposed to gay freedom
Note:DISGUSTO

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five components of NFC: traditionalism (figure 6.2), tolerance of inequality (figure 6.3), preference for order and hierarchy (figure 6.4), threat perception (figure 6.5), and openness to new experiences (figure 6.6).
Note:5 COMPONENTI DELLA CHIUSURA MENTALE....MOLTI DATI IN MERITO. L ingegnere svetta

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We find that engineers are not particularly traditional (figure 6.2). They are also somewhat in favor of creativity (figure 6.6), but this indicator is generally the least discriminating among academic disciplines. All other results are in the expected direction,
Note:GLI INGEGNERI DI FRONTE AI 5 INDOCATORI

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display a strong preference for authoritarian schooling; and are economically to the right on questions about redistribution and welfare, albeit less so than economics graduates.
Note:Ancora sull subito ng medio

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Economics students and even more so law graduates are less rigid on immigration, while engineers seem eager to preserve the integrity of their national community (even if not in the name of “tradition”).
Note:INGEGNERI E IMMIGRAZ

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Muslims in the developing world might have different reasons for choosing their discipline of study; given strong family bonds and the high prestige of engineering programs, parental pressure, for example, might play a more important role
Note:Obiezione all ipotesi della mentalitá

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in Muslim countries medical studies are generally as prestigious (and time-consuming and costly) as engineering.
Note:MA....RISPOSTA

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ENTER WOMEN
Note:Ttttttttttt

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In addition to male graduates in the social sciences and humanities, there is another group that manifests an inverse distribution to that of the engineers: women.
Note:UN TEST ALTERNATIVO: LE DONNE. SONO IL CONTRAR DEGLI ING

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we have been able to assemble for a number of groups show that the left-wing group with the lowest share of women still boasts a higher share than the highest shares of any right-wing or Islamist group (table 6.1
Note:ESITO: DONNE A SINISTRA

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everywhere in the world engineering is the most male-dominated discipline.19 Conversely, female representation among humanities and social sciences students is much stronger, in line with their stronger representation among leftist groups.
Note:DONNE NELL UNIVERSITÀ

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women have largely been missing from the ranks of neo-fascist, neo-Nazi, and violent racial supremacist groups. And, so far as we are aware, women have rarely participated in the “death squads” that were prevalent in Central and South America during the 1970s. These rightist groups typically stressed the traditional child-bearing role of women and emphasized the manliness and therapeutic benefits of violence.
Note:DONNE E FASCISMI ####### da collegare con i tanti ing fascisti e l assenza di donne in facoltá.

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“being male increases the probability of an individual being an extreme right voter by more than 50 percent
Note:SESSO E IDEOLOGIA

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Women have been part of Islamist groups in supporting roles but only of the larger and territorial ones,
Note:DOVE LE TROVOAMO

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motives, however, differ and seem less bellicose than those of men: “In most cases, women and girls appear to have left home to marry jihadis,
Note:Le foreign fighter europee. Motivazioni. Ogni donna cerca un fascista.

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they are less tolerant of inequality, have a weaker preference for order and hierarchy, are less opposed to gay freedom, and more tolerant of immigrants in all other respects.
Note:Le donne e l abisso che le divide dagli ing

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ONE MORE TRAIT: “SIMPLISM
Note:Tttttttt

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the “unambiguous ascription of single causes and remedies for multifactored phenomena” (1971:
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Un inclinazione individuata a ds da Lipset

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a considerable degree of cognitive naïveté concerning how the world works, especially about the causes of the state of affairs
Note:Cosa esibisce il fascista

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New evidence suggests that a feature arguably related to simplism, overconfidence in one’s beliefs, is indeed stronger on the right than on the left, and that Lipset and Raab’s conjecture might be correct.
Note:DESTRA OVERCONF

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“cognitive simplicity” is particularly powerful among religiously motivated suicide bombers
Note:Un riscontro

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The assassins of Egyptian president Anwar Sadat believed that his regime would quickly crumble after his killing, allowing them to establish an Islamic state (Beattie 2000: 276).
Note:ES CLASSICO

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For all their technical superiority engineers can be surprisingly naïve when it comes to political issues.
Note:X LORO TUTTO È MECCANISMO

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Scientists learn to ask questions, while engineering students, like followers of text-based religions, rely more strongly on answers that have already been given.
Note:ISTRUITI A CHIEDERE E ISTRUITI A rispondere

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The ordered, hierarchical, and corporatist view of society
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Si sposa bene con lo stile cognitivo dell ing

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An extreme case illustrating the “arrogance of scientific certitude” is Bekkay Harrach,
Note:UN CASO

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he presents, neatly written out on a blackboard, two simple mathematical formulas that produce curves that represent the fight between the West and Al-Qaida, aiming to “prove” that the latter will inevitably prevail.
Note:Cccccccc

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TRAITS AND DISCIPLINES
Note:Ttttttttt

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engineers are the least liberal, followed by faculty in business studies, while humanities and social science professors had the most leftist
Note:CONFERME

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Women in the ESS data, too, match the expectation and are more to the left by a small but significant margin (their score is 4.9 versus 5.1 for men).
Note:L anti ing: la donna

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are the traits innate, that is, do they make individuals both choose a particular discipline and gravitate toward a particular political behavior?
Note:I TRATTI CARATTERIALI SONO INNATI?

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There is, however, a growing body of literature, to which we referred at the onset of this chapter (see footnote 1), arguing for and offering some evidence that political attitudes could be inherited
Note:ORMAI È CHIARO

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CONCLUSIONS
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This evidence deflates the importance of religiosity in explaining engineers’ overrepresentation. It is more likely to be Islamism’s vision of social order combined with the well-regulated daily routines that attracts engineers
Sorpresa

HL HUERTA IRRIGATION…

HUERTA IRRIGATION…
Note:HUERTA@@@@@@@@@@

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84 irrigators served by the Benacher and Faitanar canals in Valencia gathered at the monastery of St. Francis to draw up… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:NEL 1435

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rights to water from these canals, how the water would be shared in good years as well as bad, how responsibilities for maintenance would be shared, what officials they would elect and how, and what fines would… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:L OGGETTO

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Many rules concerning the distribution of irrigation water were already well established… Some highlights have been hidden or truncated due to export limits.
Note:C È UN PRIMA

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conflict over water has always been just beneath the surface of everyday life, erupting from time to time
Note:UNA REGIONE ARIDA

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Maass and Anderson (1986)
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CHI STUDIÒ BENE LA FACCENDA

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Glick (1970)
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Valencia
Note:Tttttttttttttt

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the Turia River are divided into eight major canals serving the 16,000-hectare huerta.
Note:IL PRIMO CASO

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Over 80% of the farms are less than 1 hectare,
Note:AGRICOLTORI PICCOLI...MOLTO FRAMMENTATI

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Most winters are frost-free, and the summers are hot and sunny.
Note:TEMPO

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potatoes, onions, and a wide diversity of vegetable crops.
Note:PRODOTTO

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The variation in the flow of the Turia River has historically been quite high. Years of low water flow have been followed by years of extensive flooding.
Note:IL PROBLEMA

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Until the turn of this century, no dams had been constructed on the Turia River
Note:NIENTE DIGHE

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irrigated land (regadiu), and the remaining lands in these huertas are dry lands (seca).11 Some land is entitled to water only in times of abundance (extremales).
Note:TASSONOMIA EREDITATA DALLA SITUAZIONE

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each piece of regadiu land is entitled to a quantity of canal water proportionate to its size.
Note:IL PRINCIPIO

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irrigators from seven of the major canals are organized into autonomous irrigation communities whose syndic,12 or chief executive, participates in two weekly tribunals.
Note:L ORGANIZZAZIONE...TRIBUNALE DELL ACQUA

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met on Thursday mornings outside the Apostles’ Door of the Cathedral of Valencia.
Note:QUANDI È CONVOCATO...FORTI TRADIZIONI ISLAMICHE

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Its proceedings are carried on without lawyers, but with many onlookers.
Note:DIBATTIMENTO

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immediate decision regarding the facts
Note:TEMPI

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a second tribunal, which serves as a coordinating committee encompassing all seven of the canals to determine when to institute operating procedures related to seasonal low waters or to discuss other intercanal problems.
Note:SECONDA ISTITUZIONE

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His responsibilities include the basic enforcement of the regulations of his own unit. He lias the power to make authoritative physical allocations of water when disputes arise in the day-to-day administration of the waterworks, to levy fines, and to determine the order and timing of water deliveries during times of severe shortages
Note:SYNDIC

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In modern times, the hereters elect an executive committee (junta de gobierno) to consult with the syndic until the next biannual meeting.
Note:ALTRO ORGANO...DECIDE QUANDO CHIUDERE I CANALI X LA MANUTENZIONE

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abundance, seasonal low water, and extraordinary drought.
Note:LE CONDOZIONI AMBIENTALI DA CUI DIPENDONO LE DECISIONI ALLOCATIVE

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allowed to take as much water as they need
Note:IN ABBONDANZA

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water is distributed to specific farmers through a complex, rule-driven hydraulic system.
Note:LOW WATER

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Each farm on a distributory canal receives water in a set rotation order,
Note:Cccccccccc

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If a farmer fails to open his headgate when the water arrives there, he misses his turn and
Note:Ccccccccc

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In periods of extraordinary drought, these prm:edures are modified so that farms whose crops are in the most need of water are given priority over farms whose crops require less water.
Note:SICCITÀ

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As a drought period continues, the syndic and his representatives take more and more responsibility for determining how long each farmer may have water,
Note:CENTRALITÀ SYNDIC

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Given that everyone is watching everyone else, there is considerable potential for violence among irrigators and between irrigators and their agents.
Note:VIOLENZE

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In 1443 there were 441 fines assessed; in 1486 there were 499 fines (Glick 1970, p. 54).
Note:STABILITÀ

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fines at a rate of more than one per day.
Note:Cccccccc

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the temptation to obtain water not legally available to the farmer
Note:VIOLAZIONE COMUNE

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actions that caused harm to others (flooding a road or a fallow field, wasting water)
Note:Cccccccccc

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Thus, approximately 25,000 opportunities for theft occurred, as contrasted to 200 recorded instances of illegal taking of water. That would give a recorded infraction rate of 0.008.
Note:COMPLIANCE

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suspect that high enforcement levels have been required to dampen the ever present temptation to steal water,
Note:CONTROLLI

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even though the syndic received two-thirds of the fine (the other third going to the accuser) and the authorized levels for fines were set high, the actual fines assessed “were very low
Note:INTERESSANTE....FREQUENZA E MITEZZA

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From time to time, the cost to a farmer of waiting for his next legal turn to receive water, as contrasted to stealing water available in the canal, would be extraordinarily high.
Note:COASE

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the guards did not deeply antagonize the farmers, who generally adhered to the rules.
Note:COASE PORTA A BUONI RAPPORTI

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Assessing harsh punishment to someone who usually follows the rules, but in one instance errs in the face of a desperate situation, can engender considerable antagonism and resentment (Oliver 1980).
Note:COME CON O BAMBINI

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Murcia and Orihuela
Note:Ttttttttttttt

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Segura River
Note:IL FIUME DI CUI PARLIAMO ORA...ANCORA PIÙ SECCO CHE A VALENCIA

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Of the 13,300 farms included within the service area of the huerta of Murcia, 83% are less than a single hectare. Of the 4,888 farms in the huerta of Orihuela, 64% are less than a single hectare, and 86% are less than 5 hectares.
Note:PICCOLISSIMI

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water rights in Murcia and Orihuela are tied to the land.
Note:ANCHE QUI

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Regadiu and seca lands were designated long ago and have remained stable for centuries.
Note:AMCHE QUI

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more emphasis on the problem of watering highlands and lowlands
Note:IL PROBLEMA

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Each farmer is assigned a tanda, a fixed time period during which he may withdraw water.
Note:SI VA A TEMPI

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The tanda procedure has some advantages over the turno procedure used in Valencia. Each farmer can plan his activities with a greater degree of certainty as to when he will be able to irrigate.
Note:CFR CON VALENCIIA

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When extraordinary low-water conditions are in effect, the officials of each community post a new schedule for each rotation of the season – approximately every two weeks – indicating which crops will be given precedence
Note:EMERGENZA

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Both huertas have established water courts in which farmers can bring charges against each other
Note:GIURISDIZIONE INDIPENDENTE

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(Consejo de Hombres Buenos)
Note:Cccccccc

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Alicante
Note:Tttttttttt

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Monnegre River
Note:IL PROSSIMO CASO

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The even greater shortage of water in this huerta,
Note:QUI CO VUOLE UNA STRAYEGIA PARTICOLARE

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Shortly after Alicante was recovered from the Muslims, rights to withdraw water for fixed time periods were separated from ownership of land, and a market in these rights existed apart from the market for land.
Note:DIRITTI NEGOZIABILI

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Local irrigators have sought out still other sources of water, and that has involved them in extensive contractual arrangements with large-scale private water companies.
Note:COMAGNIE PROVAYE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,826
the water rights could not be sold to individuals whose land lay outside the huerta.
Note:CONTRO LA SPECULAZIONE

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,832
They can purchase scrip in three ways: at an informal market among holders of rights conducted on Sunday morning before a formal auction is held; at the formal auction; and on market days, when farmers are congregating for trade.
Note:TRE MERCATI DEI DIRITTI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,856
to vote in the general assembly of the community, a farmer must own 1.8 hectares of land; to vote for the executive commission, 1.2 hectares of land; and to be eligible to serve on the commission, 3.6 hectares of land
Note:REGOLE DIVERSE QUI

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,871
National authorities have exerted more control over irrigation matters in Alicante than in the other huertas. A large structure, such as Tibi Dam, can be seized and used as a source of revenue and power by a rent-seeking ruler. Although Philip II did not attempt to exercise control over the Tibi Dam when it was built, the dam was transferred to royal ownership for a century in 1739.
Note:RENT SEEKING

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,875
The Spanish Civil War also interrupted the control that farmers exercised over the irrigation syndicate.
Note:Ccccccccccffc

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,881
By the time the centralized monarchy based on the Castilian model came to dominate Spain and Latin America, the autonomy of the huertas was well established. The continuing willingness of the irrigators in these regions to stand up for their rights attests that they had greater autonomy than did those in other parts of Spain.
Note:UN AUTONOMIA BEN DIFES

Yellow highlight | Location: 1,888
the system that has evolved in Alicante enables farmers to be most efficient in using other input factors. The system devised in Valencia is the least efficient of the Spanish systems, with the Murcia-Orihuela systems coming in between.
UNA STIMA DI MAAS....PIÙ BISOGNO PIÙ EFFICIENZA

NEW PRIVACY

Come ha affermato il partner di uno studio legale svizzero, "l'America è la nuova Svizzera". Le leggi americane si sono evolute per produrre un alto livello di segretezza per molti azionisti. Il Sud Dakota sembra essere il nuovo Lussemburgo. Con solo 850.000 persone, questo staterello ospita oltre 226 miliardi di dollari in attività finanziarie detenute nei trust.

https://feedly.com/i/entry/B7jw4LCucCLXhd0mcd9EmMn+sbxtNLGOdNAs60PDOTo=_16b768fe335:12174a1:73d34570

F onestà

https://feedly.com/i/entry/Od/Z0OrlTBzSrJtcae1t5qtueOtvOco3UFNx6gD9Pd4=_16b7d75df61:df64:dd8759

venerdì 21 giugno 2019

LINK pro social

https://www.aier.org/article/remember-good-social-media-has-achieved

Quando incolpiamo i social di tutti i mali, chiediamo perché i primi a non amarli sonoi "cattivi"!


"Oggi", scrive Daniels, "stiamo assistendo alla straordinaria convergenza di due innovazioni allo stesso tempo: il progresso dei diritti universali nelle mani di una generazione digitale che usa il World Wide Web. Questo libera la creatività umana e la compassione. Ma l'interconnessione dell'era digitale comporta anche delle responsabilità per ciascuno di noi. "Per quanto l'èlite ami incolpare i social media per i mali dell'America, vale la pena ricordare che oltre un quinto del mondo non ha accesso a Facebook o Twitter; il "Grande Firewall della Cina" impedisce all'intero paese di accedere ai siti. C'è una ragione per questo naturalmente: i regimi autoritari non amano la libertà di espressione. I social media offrono espressione in modi senza precedenti e sono stati spesso utilizzati per sempre.

F l'utopia anarco-capitalista

David Friedman e il difficile compito di ideare un equilibrio anarchico...

L'industria dei servizi di protezione è particolarmente vulnerabile alla collusione perché è quella che io chiamo un'industria di rete. Nello specifico, il settore è caratterizzato dalle seguenti caratteristiche... è necessario avere buoni rapporti con le altre agenzie per fare affari.

F la fortuna esiste

Perché le cose non si ripetono?

Per colpa o merito nostro sopraggiunto
Perché il contesto è cambiato
Perché la fortuna è qualcosa di reale.
Per regressione alla media.

giovedì 20 giugno 2019

IN ARRIVO I PRETI SPOSATI

IN ARRIVO I PRETI SPOSATI

Paragrafo 129 del nuovo documento:

“Affermando che il celibato è un dono per la Chiesa, si chiede che, per le zone più remote della regione, si studi la possibilità di ordinazione sacerdotale di anziani, preferibilmente indigeni, rispettati e accettati dalla loro comunità, sebbene possano avere già una famiglia costituita e stabile, al fine di assicurare i sacramenti che accompagnano e sostengono la vita cristiana”.